Arkhangelsky Leonid Mikhailovich. A. Arkhangelsky - an outstanding Russian spiritual composer and choral conductor Victory and disappointment

In 1916, the public of Saratov and other Russian cities celebrated the 25th anniversary of the creative activity of the famous journalist, editor of the “Saratov Bulletin” Nikolai Mikhailovich Arkhangelsky.

A stream of congratulatory telegrams, letters, postcards from Petrograd, Moscow, Kiev, Novorossiysk, Yekaterinoslav, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Samara, Penza, Astrakhan, Krasnoyarsk, from the Caucasus, from Austria, Hungary, Germany, France came to the editorial office of Saratovsky Vestnik. , from friends and comrades in the profession and many years of joint work, from theaters and musical societies, from doctors and officers, professors and soldiers, workers and students.

Nikolai Mikhailovich was born in Warsaw on March 31 (old style) 1862 on Freta Street, the main street of the New Town. “Here everything was nearby: the heavy bulk of St. John’s Cathedral, where I went with my mother, Valeria Kapitonovna, who was a Catholic, and Jesuit Street, which converges behind the back wall of the Cathedral with the sunny “bay” of Kanonia Street, and First Warsaw real school where I studied..."

Beautiful Warsaw: the Great Theatre, the Saxon Garden, Jerusalem Alleys, Marszałkowska Street, University, Vistula - all this, together with childhood and youth, will pass through the rest of your life as the most tender and warm memory.

N.M. Arkhangelsky is a descendant of two ancient Russian families: Arkhangelsk and Khitrovo. His father, Mikhail Ivanovich Arkhangelsky, was a major in the Novogeorgievsky regiment of the Russian army, stationed in Warsaw, and a battalion commander. Coming from the nobility of the Moscow province, he graduated from the Moscow Cadet Corps, served in the Pskov Infantry Regiment of Field Marshal Prince Kutuzov-Smolensky, and in His Majesty’s Borodino Regiment. Mikhail Ivanovich died in 1875 at the age of 47 and was buried in Warsaw.

After the death of his father and the marriage of his older sister, Nikolai lived with his mother, Valeria Kapitonovna, the daughter of a Russian colonel and a Polish woman. She was an educated, pious and kind woman. Short and lively, Valeria Kapitonovna knew how to make a modest home attractive and hospitable.

In 1881, after graduating from the Warsaw Real School, Nikolai entered the medical faculty of the University of Warsaw. He was waiting for real activity, he wanted to help his mother, his comrades, who were living even worse. At the same time, Arkhangelsky takes exams for the right to teach at a real school: upon reaching adulthood (21 years old), his mother’s pension for his father was reduced.

At the same time, he touched “politics”: at the school, Stepan Ulrich gave him the works of K. Marx to read, and university student Nikolai Razumeichik, through the circle of Maria Bogushevich, introduced him to the “Proletariat” party. Nikolai began to come home late: he posted leaflets at night, hid illegal literature at home, and collected funds for the revolutionary Red Cross. Fulfilling a party assignment, Arkhangelsky organized a political education circle among the “realists.” Following a denunciation by provocateurs, Arkhangelsky was arrested and sentenced to four years of exile in the Krasnoyarsk Territory.

In Moscow, from the station, the exiles were sent on foot under escort to the famous “Butyrka”; Arkhangelsky ended up in the Pugachev Tower. In the “Tower” Nikolai Mikhailovich met Lev Peak (who will be killed during the “Yakut History”) and his wife Sofia Gurevich (she will also die in Yakutsk: the soldiers will raise her, pregnant, at bayonets). From Moscow - to Nizhny Novgorod by rail, from Nizhny to Perm - on a barge, from Perm to Tyumen - by train, from Tyumen to Tomsk - again on a barge. From Tomsk the party of exiles moved in stages along with the criminals. We usually walked 20-22 miles a day, from stage to stage...

The long dusty road with numerous stops ended: Achinsk. Here several of the “political” people fell ill with typhus. Sypnyak also caught Arkhangelsky. Three months of hospital. Then, together with other “politicians,” Nikolai was sent to the village of Uzhura, the center of gold mining. In Uzhur, Arkhangelsky found himself in the midst of the populists. The colony of political exiles was not numerous, but tightly knit. After two years in Uzhur, where he was engaged in bookbinding, with the permission of the Irkutsk Governor-General he was transferred to Minusinsk.

In Minusinsk, with permission from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Arkhangelsky passed the exams for the title of paramedic and worked for two years in the city hospital. In Minusinsk, Arkhangelsky met with the genius philosopher Timofey Mikhailovich Bondarev, who wrote “Parasitism and Labor, or the Triumph of the Farmer.” Bondarev corresponded with. L.N. Tolstoy, and he wrote an article devoted to the teachings of the thinker.

“I appreciated his outstanding mind,” Nikolai Mikhailovich will write, “ unshakable faith in the truth of his teaching and holy concern for the fate of the working people”.

During the four years of exile, Arkhangelsky changed his mind a lot and stopped bowing to the heroes of terror. Arrest, exile, and most importantly, the rapid death of the “Proletariat” forced him to take a different look at his previous revolutionary postulates. Nikolai Mikhailovich came to the conclusion that it was necessary to work hard to educate peasants and workers, to rid them of illiteracy and prejudice.

The exile ended on April 1, 1891. Arkhangelsky was faced with the question: where to go? According to the sentence, he was prohibited from living in university cities and in Warsaw for three years. Once in Krasnoyarsk, one of his comrades mentioned Saratov, saying that the city was good, there were two newspapers and a large colony of former “politicians.” Arkhangelsky decided to go to Saratov. And again the same road, but now from Siberia: Tomsk, Tyumen, Perm, Nizhny and down the Volga to Saratov.

“When in 1891 I came from Siberian exile to live in Saratov,” recalled Nikolai Mikhailovich, “ “The capital of the Volga region” - as Saratov residents called their city - had nothing metropolitan about it. In appearance it was a typical provincial town of Tsarist Russia, only larger than others.

The dusty streets in the center were poorly paved with cobblestones and even worse lit by kerosene “ten-line” smokers; the outskirts were drowned in clouds of dust in the summer, in the fall and spring - in mud and pitch darkness.”

It was difficult for the former political exile to get any kind of “service.” Arkhangelsky decided to try his luck at the newspaper.

At that time, in Saratov, in addition to the state-owned “Provincial” and “Diocesan” statements, two private newspapers were published: “Saratovsky Listok” and “Saratovsky Diary”. Nikolai Mikhailovich decided to go to “Diary”.

After the famine of 1891, the cholera year of 1892 broke out. Having two years of work in Minusinsk under his belt, Nikolai Mikhailovich applied to the cholera detachment. “I didn't feel the slightest fear. This, however, happened in my life in moments of greatest danger. I was completely calm", he will say in his declining years.

In December 1892, Arkhangelsky became a permanent contributor to the Saratov Diary. The days and years of Nikolai Mikhailovich’s journalistic work stretched in a motley line. Magazine reviews, feuilletons, reviews, “Literary notes on the works of A. Chekhov”...

In 1895, during the governorship of Prince B.B. Meshchersky’s “Saratov Diary” was closed for four months for publishing correspondence from Nizhny Novgorod about the activities of the secret police. Nikolai Mikhailovich was again left out of work.

In 1898, a happy event occurred in Arkhangelsky’s life: he married Antonina Vasilievna Titova, a class lady at the Mariinsk Women’s Gymnasium. The year was 1902. Arkhangelsky persuaded N.N. Lvov, chairman of the zemstvo council (later a member of the State Duma of the first convocation), took the newspaper into his own hands - it almost failed under the previous publisher. Lvov had long dreamed of publishing a newspaper.

The editor was A.A. Kornilov - historian, future professor at Petrograd University, assistant editor - N.M. Arkhangelsk. The editorial team included: V.S. Golubev - editor of “Saratov Zemstvo Week”, N.D. Rossov - populist, I.V. Zhilkin - journalist, M.A. Rakachev - journalist (died in the 1914 war), V.K. Samsonov (later editor of the Kama-Volga Speech), K.I. Kacharovsky - researcher of the peasant community, P.P. Podyapolsky - hypnologist, B.X. Medvedev - city agronomist (founder of the Saratov Regional Agricultural Institute), S.A. Sergeev, A.A. Gerasimov is a feuilletonist. In terms of political views, the editorial board was varied, but everyone was united by the desire to improve Saratov and the province, to protect people's interests.

In 1903, Lvov refused to publish the Saratov Diary, so as not to spoil his political career, transferring the newspaper to V.K. Samsonov. The editorial office collapsed. At the same time, “Saratov Commercial Bulletin” was transformed into “Privolzhsky Krai”. In 1904, Arkhangelsky was invited to become the editor of this newspaper. At this time, the editorial staff included exclusively Social Democrats, members of the Saratov Committee of the RSDLP, many of whom became prominent party workers: I.M. Lyakhovetsky (Maisky), I.P. Goldenberg (Roman), P.A. Lebedev, V.K. Serezhnikov, K.E. Henry...

During these years, “Privolzhsky Krai,” edited by Nikolai Mikhailovich, fought against reaction, Black Hundred publications (“Brotherly List”, “Volga”) and pogroms for the creation of Soviets and giving newspapers greater freedoms. From the beginning of 1905, “Privolzhsky Krai” became a workers’ newspaper, which, thanks to N.M. Arkhangelsky supports a strong social-democratic line, for which it was repeatedly closed, and Nikolai Mikhailovich was arrested.

During the period 1904-1907, Nikolai Mikhailovich published in the “Volga Region” feuilletons “Wild landowners”, “Guest performers”, “Cruel lesson”, “Updates”, “Triumphants”, “Fatal step”, “Labor nobility” and a number of others, dedicated to the fight against Black Hundred gangs of all stripes, exposing massacres in Bialystok, the idleness of government members receiving astronomical sums from the treasury, and the Japanese war.

After the release of the “Manifesto of October 17, 1905,” the newspaper left the control of censorship and covered the revolutionary events of 1905 more widely. For this path, the editorial board of “Volga Region” was destroyed by the “Black Hundred”, and N.M. Arkhangelsky, being in the editorial office at that time, almost became her victim. After the events of 1905, Jewish pogroms began, led by Bishop Hermogenes, encouraged by the governor and vice-governor.

Along with feuilletons on political events, Arkhangelsky writes articles about the poor sanitary condition of the streets of Saratov, the water supply system, and the poor performance of medical institutions. He writes with passion about literature and art.

Productions of M. Gorky's plays appear one after another on the stages of Saratov theaters, and Arkhangelsky defends everything progressive in his dramaturgy. In almost every review, Nikolai Mikhailovich noted young talents and supported their play.

During these years, Nikolai Mikhailovich became the editor of the Saratov Bulletin, and the publisher was the well-known feuilletonist in Saratov, Ivan Parfenovich Gorizontov.

Nikolai Mikhailovich takes an active part in the work of the Saratov Theater Society, is the chairman of the literary society, and often attends meetings of the Saratov Musical Society. He hangs out in the company of famous musicians, writers, actors, analyzes historical and philosophical literature, and does not miss a single symphony concert. Music brings him joy and satisfaction.

Arkhangelsky is constantly on the move, among different people, from the governor general to the peasant; he is interested in everything, he must know about everything, react to everything - such is the fate of a journalist.

In 1913, Nikolai Mikhailovich learned about the plight of Zinaida Nikolaevna Nekrasova, the wife of the great Russian poet N.A. Nekrasov, who lives in Saratov, and publishes an angry article in Saratovsky Vestnik. He himself recalled: “When reports appeared about the situation of Z. Nekrasova and about the tricks of the Baptist priests with her. newspapers, the impression was stunning. Requests and donations of money poured in from all over Russia; The literary foundation became agitated. “Saratovsky Vestnik” became a center where letters, telegrams, and money flocked.”.

Zinaida Nikolaevna herself recalled: “And then we had to endure a lot of hard things. Just recently, such things happened that if it weren’t for the help of Nikolai Mikhailovich (Arkhangelsky) - a truly kind person! - I would have to eat in the name of Christ. In recent years, I have become accustomed to meeting only cruel and hypocritical attitudes towards myself; Therefore, at first, when they started talking about me in the newspapers, I reacted to this with bewilderment, I was even hurt, but the general sympathy that I now see touched me, and I sincerely thank everyone.”.

The worries and concerns for N.A.’s widow have not yet subsided. Nekrasova, how she shook the city “deafening cacophony, advertising, cheeky hype, behind which a new reflection of art was hidden”. “Futurists from Moscow” perform in the conservatory hall: Vasily Kamensky, David Burliuk and Vladimir Mayakovsky. First, a report that defined the boundaries and tasks of “futuristic poetry”, which promised “airplane and automobile literature - futuristic.”

All newspapers published in the city responded in one way or another to the tour of the “futurists from Moscow”. Arkhangelsky wrote in the Saratov Bulletin: “Mr. Mayakovsky’s speech, associated with great oratorical skill, beautifully constructed, clear and meaningful, made an impression on the listeners, and they covered it with friendly and prolonged applause.”.

D. Burliuk was older than V. Mayakovsky and behaved less defiantly, he was dressed more modestly, and older audiences showed him sympathy. Arkhangelsky decided to get to know him better in order to better understand the new, revolutionary direction in art. He remembered well how at the beginning of the century the brothers P. and V. Pertsov published a collection of poems “Young Poetry” with poems by Nadson, Minsky, Lebedev, Balmont, Tulub, Budishchev, Safonov, Drenteln and Lilechkin. It would seem that most of the poems contained decadent sentiments, but the form of poetry was renewed. Then separate collections by Balmont, Budishchev, Nadson, Safonov and others appeared, and Arkhangelsky wrote a review for almost each of them.

That evening, a meeting between Arkhangelsky and Burliuk took place, at which the artist spoke about himself, about new principles in painting, about avant-garde exhibitions of which he was the organizer. Burliuk spoke about the “magazine of Russian futurists” he was publishing; Burliuk accepted Nikolai Mikhailovich’s offer to collaborate with the magazine.

On October 25, 1917, news of the victory of the October armed uprising arrived in Saratov. On October 27, the Military Revolutionary Committee was created, headed by the Bolsheviks. On the same day, all newspapers were closed.

Since 1918, Nikolai Mikhailovich has worked as a correspondent for the “Red Gazette” of the Petrograd Soviet, “Petrogradskaya Pravda”, Saratov “Red Gazeta”, “Saratov News”. He lectures at the Petrograd Communist University named after Zinoviev, at the Saratov infantry and machine gun courses of the Red Army, in the arts department of the Saratov Regional Committee of Trade Unions, at the Saratov Conservatory, and is the chairman of the repertoire commission at the N.G. Chernyshevsky. His wealth of experience and knowledge is used by the magazine “Life of Arts” (Petrograd).

The turbulent events of building a new life capture Nikolai Mikhailovich. He collaborates with many literary and social magazines. In one of them - “Russia”, headed by I. Lezhnev and V. Tan (Bogoraz), Arkhangelsky meets with M. Kuzmin, O. Mandelstam, N. Tikhonov, B. Pilnyak, O. Forsh, M. Shaginyan, speaks with stories about the revolution. At the end of 1922, Nikolai Mikhailovich went to Moscow to meet with old friends and acquaintances - Yu. Markhlevsky, A. Lezhava, I. Maisky and others, who during these difficult years offered him assistance in finding better employment - in the central publications of Moscow and Petrograd.

But Nikolai Mikhailovich remains in Saratov: to get a job in Moscow and Petrograd, it was necessary to become a member of the All-Russian Communist Party of the Soviet Union). He devotes all his energy to building the press and arts of the Soviet Republic, but the sixty-year-old journalist believes that joining the party at this age is open opportunism for the sake of receiving benefits, which he tried to avoid all his life.

Arkhangelsky’s circle of friends is not decreasing; many turn to him for help and assistance. True to the old friendship I. Slavatinskaya, F. Mukhtarova, I. Rostovtsev, A. Paskhalova, I. Slonov, L. Kolobov, A. Mozzhukhin, K. Karini, Y. Sobolev, B. Pilnyak, K. Fedin and many other artists , directors, writers, critics, people of various professions.

Unemployment and hunger in these years drove many writers, musicians, artists, actors from Petrograd and Moscow to the south, not only for work and bread, but also to wait out the turmoil and cruelty of the administration. It was necessary to hold on so that the “vocal revolutionaries” did not throw the entire “old” culture “overboard” with extraordinary ease.

The pillars of Russian culture - F. Chaliapin, S. Rachmaninov, A. Kuprin, I. Bunin travel abroad, M. Gorky throws after them: “Look what a harsh lesson history has given to Russian intellectuals. They did not go with their working people and now they are decaying in impotent anger, rotting in emigration.”.

Among many “old” intellectuals, Nikolai Mikhailovich continues to serve his people. Nikolai Mikhailovich is involved with great interest in a new business for him - radio journalism. In those years, radio broadcasts lasted no more than three hours a day; only a small number of residents had receivers (reproducers), but they were installed in the workshops of factories and factories, and in squares. He works in the editorial office of the regional radio center, which publishes the daily radio newspaper “Nizhnevolzhsky Proletary”.

At the end of 1926, the provincial executive committee and the provincial committee of the All-Union Communist Party, through the newspaper Saratov Izvestia, congratulated Arkhangelsky on his 35th anniversary of journalistic activity: “A brilliant journalist, with enormous training and culture, he became a valuable employee in newspapers and magazines in Saratov and other cities from the first days of the revolution. Young people welcome in the person of Nikolai Mikhailovich one of the oldest Russian journalists, who devoted all his strength to advanced and revolutionary journalism.”.

On these anniversary days, Nikolai Mikhailovich remembered his comrades in joint work: I. Gorizontov, B. Markovich, K. Sarakhanov, S. Markovsky, A. Kornilov, V. Samsonov, N. Rossov, V. Serezhnikov, K. Kacharovsky, D. Topuridze, V. Golubev, I. Zhilkin, M. Rakachev, P. Podyapolsky, S. Sergeev, A. Gerasimov, I. Lyakhovetsky, P. Lebedev, I. Ivanov, A. Stechkin, who taught him a lot, were in difficult times moments nearby, supported his endeavors, rejoiced at his successes.

An incredible number of newspaper issues have been published over the years, they included the newspapers “Saratov Diary”, “Uralets”, “Privolzhsky Krai”, “Chernozemny Krai”, “Moscow Hour”, St. Petersburg’s “Our Life” and “Comrade”, “Saratovsky Vestnik”, “Krasnaya Gazeta”, “Petrogradskaya Pravda”, “Saratov News”, etc.

How many feuilletons, reviews, articles, reviews, poems, fables, stories, plays and historical works have been published over the years!

Working as the head of a theater technical school and teaching “The History of Theatre” there, Arkhangelsky set out to open a theater for young spectators in Saratov and turned for advice and support to the country’s well-known director and organizer of the first theaters for youth, A. A. Bryantsev.

A.A. Bryantsev responded to his request:

“May 18, 1927
Dear Nikolai Mikhailovich!
...I remember not only you, but also your critical reviews. In general, I can’t imagine Saratov without Nikolai Mikhailovich Arkhangelsky and I’m very glad that you contacted me, and for such a good cause.
Your project: to establish the cause of the youth theater in the industrial practice of the technical school - an idea that is undoubtedly viable and “fraught” with good consequences.
Not to mention the fact that it speeds up the organization of theater for children, it at the same time gives theater youth the opportunity to rely on a healthy viewer in their first steps, which undoubtedly gives them a better chance of becoming healthy actors...
But there should be a theater for young spectators in Saratov.

With warm greetings A. Bryantsev.”

And at the end of 1927 the theater began to operate. In his production, the children of Saratov and the province saw the plays “Let's Catch Up with the Sun”, “The Little Humpbacked Horse”, “The Thieves of Fire”... Success was visible to everyone. But Nikolai Mikhailovich does not calm down. On his initiative, a specialized theater school is being organized at the city council; Nikolai Mikhailovich becomes its head. That same year, huge posters around the city announced that the poet Vladimir Mayakovsky would perform in the hall of the People's Palace.

On January 28, 1927, “Saratov News” came out with a portrait of Mayakovsky and a large article by Arkhangelsky “Mayakovsky in Saratov.”

“Mayakovsky is one of the greatest Russian poets of our time,” writes Nikolai Mikhailovich. - Peculiar like no other. He is an excellent speaker, an excellent reader, especially of his own works, and a caustic, witty and resourceful polemicist... he turned out to be a great master of words, able to rise to real artistic pathos.”. Summing up Mayakovsky’s speeches in Saratov, Nikolai Mikhailovich wrote: “Mayakovsky’s performances are an event in local cultural and artistic life. We had the opportunity to personally hear the largest and most original poet of our time, a great master of words, paving new paths in poetry.”.

The “new”, the feeling of the new in the development of socialist society, constantly captivates him. But the negative phenomena that hinder the development of the new society do not escape his sight. In 1936, seventy-two-year-old Arkhangelsky teaches at the I. A. Slonov Theater School, heads the literary department of the Youth Theater, prepares for publication a book about the history of the theater, gives lectures at the German Theater of the city of Engels, in many clubs in the city of Saratov, examines art schools, participates in commission for the creation of foreign language courses, appears in print.

Until the last days of his life, Nikolai Mikhailovich worked on his memoirs, essays on the history of the theater and the Saratov press, and did not allow himself to relax. He was in a hurry to pass on his rich experience as a journalist, writer, critic and public figure to young people. It is significant that in 1939-1941 Arkhangelsky worked as a correspondent for the Saratov youth newspaper “Young Stalinist”, where he wrote articles about A. Radishchev, N. Chernyshevsky, L. Tolstoy, M. Glinka, M. Mussorgsky, P. Tchaikovsky, and outstanding musicians, poets and actors from other countries. He did a lot to pass the baton of continuity of the ideals of the progressive Russian intelligentsia to the youth of the new renewed state...

Materials used: - Savelyev-Arkhangelsky O. “I can’t imagine Saratov without Nikolai Mikhailovich.” - Years and people. Issue 5. - Saratov: Volga Book Publishing House, 1990.

Alexander Arkhangelsky, whose biography spans two eras at once, is a famous TV show host, literary critic, writer and publicist. His opinion is considered authoritative in wide circles - from culture and education to politics.

Childhood

Arkhangelsky Alexander Nikolaevich was born in Moscow on April 27, 1962. His mother, Lyudmila Tikhonovna, separated from his father and raised his only son together with his great-grandmother, who lived to a ripe old age. My mother worked as a radio typist, my great-grandmother was a primary school teacher. Despite living in the simplest Soviet family, he decided on his future destiny at an early age. Alexander himself calls this “finding a collar around the neck,” referring to the Russian writer M. Prishvin.

Find yourself

He found his “collar” quite quickly; during his school years he actively showed interest in subjects related to literature. A decisive role in his life was played by his studies in the literary circle at the House of Pioneers, where Alexander acquired like-minded people and friends. The head of the circle, Zinaida Novlyanskaya, had a huge influence on him, who raised a real literary person in a simple schoolboy. After graduating from school, he entered the Lenin Moscow Pedagogical Institute at the Faculty of Russian Language and Literature. There he received a Candidate of Philological Sciences degree, defending a dissertation dedicated to the poet and writer A. S. Pushkin.

Job

Despite studying at a pedagogical institute, the career of a teacher did not attract the future writer. While studying in his first year, Alexander got a job at the Palace of Pioneers as the head of a literary circle, where he worked for about 4 years. After which he had an unloved job at the USSR State Television and Radio in the children's editorial office of "Pionerskaya Zorka", from which he left after 9 months, guided, among other things, by the understanding that he needed to do what he really liked.

During the period of perestroika, Alexander Arkhangelsky worked in the magazine “Friendship of Peoples”. Already at the age of 24, he held the position of editor-in-chief and spent a lot of time traveling and on business trips. The difficult political situation of that time allowed him to form his own point of view on history as a whole and understand what it consists of.

Then Alexander Arkhangelsky was invited as a scientific consultant to the journal “Problems of Philosophy”. Around the same time, he completed an internship at the University of Bremen and the Free University of Berlin. After which, as a visiting professor, he lectured at the University of Geneva and taught cultural history at the Moscow State Conservatory. Tchaikovsky. He also worked as a columnist and deputy editor-in-chief of Izvestia magazine and a columnist for Profile magazine. His articles are known in the magazines “Znamya”, “New World”, as well as in “Nezavisimaya Gazeta”, “Literary Gazette”, “Literary Review”. In the early 90s, Alexander Arkhangelsky began his work on television.

A television

His first television project was the author’s television program “Against the Current,” aired on the RTR channel. Then he hosted the Chronograph program. From 2002 to this day he has been the author, presenter and director of the information and analytical television show “Meanwhile” on the “Culture” channel. The television program is dedicated to the main cultural, economic and political events in the format of an informational and analytical review. It was this project that brought him victory in the IV All-Russian competition for media workers and a repeated TEFI award.

Since 2007, Alexander Arkhangelsky has become a member of the Academy of Russian Television. Later in 2013, by presidential decree, he was awarded the Order of Friendship “For great services in the development of domestic television and radio broadcasting, culture and many years of fruitful work.”

The authorship of Alexander Arkhangelsky is a series of interesting documentaries “Memory Factory: The Largest Libraries of the World” on the “Culture” channel. The project tells about the most significant libraries of four continents, their history and place in the modern world.

Also, under his leadership, documentaries were shot: “Intellectual. Vissarion Belinsky", "Exile. Alexander Herzen", "Idealist. Vladimir Korolenko", "Department", "Heat".

Literary activity

Since 1991, Alexander has been awarded membership in the Russian Writers' Union. He is the author of more than a dozen books. Among them are dedicated to the work of A. S. Pushkin: “The poetic story of A. S. Pushkin “The Bronze Horseman”” (1990), “Heroes of Pushkin. Essays on Literary Characterology" (1999). There are literary critical and popular science works: “At the Main Entrance” (1991), “Conversations about Russian Literature. The end of the 18th - the first half of the 19th century" (1999). The book “Alexander I”, dedicated to the Russian emperor, was reprinted several times and translated into several languages.

Selected articles by Alexander Arkhangelsky, published at different times in the Izvestia magazine, were included in the collection books “Political Correction” (2001) and “Humanitarian Policy” (2006). Weekly columns from the RIA-Novosti website became the basis for the work “Terrible Foshists and Creepy Jews” (2008), which is called the chronicle of modernity. And the conversations within the walls of the television studio ended up on the pages of Alexander Arkhangelsky’s book “Meanwhile” (2009)

Lyrical story “1962. Epistle to Timothy,” addressed to his son, brought Alexander Arkhangelsky the prize “For the best book written by a journalist in 2007.” And the novel “Museum of the Revolution” won the “Book of the Year - 2013” competition.

Family

Alexander Arkhangelsky (see photo in the article) lives in a marriage and has four children - two daughters and two sons from different wives.

His first wife is Julia. Her work is related to church activities. From this union there were two children left - son Timofey and daughter Lisa. Now Timofey is 25 years old, he is a teacher at a higher school of economics. Lisa is 22 years old, after graduating from the Faculty of Economics of Moscow State University, she is studying for a master's degree and works at a news agency.

Alexander's current wife, Maria, is a journalist by profession. Their daughter Sophia turned 14 years old, their son Tikhon - 2 years old. Alexander developed good, trusting relationships with all the children, despite the severity of their upbringing. In his opinion, the choice of occupation, future profession, religion should be made by the child himself, without pressure from parents, so that they independently find their “collar.”

Religion

Religion occupies a special place in Alexander's life. There were clergymen in his family, but with the change of generations this connection was broken. In addition, life in a Soviet atheist family left its mark. Alexander came to the church on his own after becoming interested in Eastern religion and philosophy. In 1981, already a student, he was baptized in the Church of the Prophet Elijah, where at sacred liturgies he often met people well-known in the cultural and scientific community. The theme of the search for God by the intelligentsia of the Soviet era is reflected in the film “Heat” by Alexander Arkhangelsky.

“Arkhangelsky listened to those mysterious verbs,
which sound in the human soul, overwhelmed by the waves of the sea of \u200b\u200blife.
In his best works, he introduces us to the recesses of the suffering soul
and seeking humility in God."

Alexander Andreevich Arkhangelsky is an outstanding Russian spiritual composer and choral conductor. Although he lived for more than 20 years in the 20th century, he still remains a prominent representative of the St. Petersburg school of composers of the late 19th century.

Arkhangelsky's works demonstrate knowledge of the possibilities of combining individual voices and choral groups; polyphonic episodes are often encountered. Alexander Andreevich was one of the first Russian composers to interpret the chants of the Liturgy and the All-Night Vigil as a single cycle with harmonic and intonation connections. The melody of his compositions is close to everyday chants and folk songs. The transcriptions of ancient chants are made in a strict diatonic style of harmony with limited dissonances.

According to researchers, it will probably never be possible to create a complete “picture” of Alexander Andreevich’s life: unfortunately, part of Arkhangelsky’s archive was lost during the looting of his St. Petersburg apartment in 1924.

“I have rarely met people who embraced life so joyfully until the end of their days. Anyone who, like me, saw the gentle light in the eyes of Alexander Andreevich during a sad time of illness will understand why he never ended a musical thought with a sad verse of a psalm, but always led it to a soothing resolution. Therefore, it does not seem an accident that Alexander Andreevich began many of his works with a simple and touching prayer: “Lord, I have called to You, hear me”” (from the memoirs of contemporaries).

Alexander Andreevich Arkhangelsky born on October 11 (23), 1846 in the village of Staroye Tezikovo, Narovchatsky district, Penza province, in the family of priest Andrei Ivanovich Arkhangelsky. Mother, Elizaveta Fedorovna, organized home concerts at home in moments of rest. In addition to the younger Alexander, there were two more children in the family.

Peasant life and the sudden loss of his father from early childhood taught the future regent and composer to constant hard work. In childhood, Alexander's main interest began to manifest itself - in music.

At the age of ten, the boy entered the Krasnoslobodsky Theological School. By the end of the first year of study, Bishop Varlaam (Uspensky) of Penza and Saransk arrived at the school. The singing abilities of young Alexander attracted the attention of the Bishop - in the fall of 1859, the talented young man was immediately transferred to the second grade of the Penza Provincial Theological School and was enrolled as a singer-soloist in the bishop's choir. And after successfully graduating from school in 1862, Arkhangelsky was transferred to the Penza Theological Seminary.Arkhangelsky quickly acquired the necessary professional skills and already at the age of sixteen successfully replaced the ill regent, but despite this, he acutely felt a lack of knowledge. In order to fill the gaps, he actively educated himself and spent his modest earnings on lessons in music theory, composition and harmony; for seven years he studied to play the violin with the accompanist of the opera house, Rubinovich. At the same time, he met the famous Penza musical figure and composer of sacred music Nikolai Mikhailovich Potulov. In the summer of 1870, in the 24th year of his life, the young regent went to St. Petersburg and in the fall of the same year he became a volunteer student in the surgical department of the Military Medical Academy. But he did not forget about music, at the same time accumulating and deepening his musical and professional knowledge. He took private lessons in piano and solo singing. Arkhangelsky believed that the regent-conductor should sing professionally himself, know the rules of voice production, so as not to “spoil” the voices of the singers. Without studying even a year at the Medical Academy, Alexander Arkhangelsky transferred to the Institute of Technology. But even then he realized that such a life did not correspond to his spiritual interests and physical capabilities. And then the 26-year-old student submitted a petition to the director of the Singing Chapel Nikolai Ivanovich Bakhmetev to take an external examination for the title of regent. After receiving an advanced certificate, Arkhangelsky got a job as regent of the Sapper Battalion, then of the Horse Guards Regiment, and finally of the Court Stable Church. Due to difficult financial conditions, the regency had to be combined with the civil service of an accountant at the Control Chamber of the Ministry of Railways.

Since the mid-1870s. Arkhangelsky thought about organizing his own choir. Thanks to the help of his fellow countryman, Minister of Railways F. Neronov, in 1880 Arkhangelsky created his own choir of 16 people 4, and three years later his first public performance took place, which immediately attracted attention. -mania of the public and musical figures.

In 1885, Alexander Andreevich implemented a long-planned decision - he made changes in the choir, replacing the boys with a female cast, which was an innovation in the practice of performing choral works. This made it possible to have a permanent choir composition and reach the heights of performing skills.

Arkhangelsky’s successes as a composer are also associated with the beginning of the choir’s concert activities. Spiritual works occupied a significant place in his work. Researchers of his life path note that he, along with such authors as Dmitry Bortnyansky, Alexey Lvov, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, took a “major step forward” towards creating his own original Russian church music. Arkhangelsky's spiritual works (and this is the main thing in his work - about a hundred) were distinguished by a high professional level.

The concert activity of the Arkhangelsky Choir has become a bright page in the history of world musical art. The best examples of chants of the Orthodox Church were revealed to the general public. Thanks to his talent and organizational skills, Arkhangelsky led the choir for 43 years - a unique phenomenon in the history of Russian art. Alexander Andreevich paid a lot of attention to the directors of church choirs, helping them expand and enrich their repertoire.

The Arkhangelsky Choir traveled both throughout Russia and abroad, its popularity was extraordinary. Alexander Andreevich was called the best choral conductor in the world. From the reviews of that time you can read: “Mr. Arkhangelsky is not only a serious musician, but also a wonderful expert in the field, which he serves with love and rare energy... All of Russia loves to pray to the music of A.A. Arkhangelsky".

Alexander Andreevich accepted the revolutionary events as an Orthodox Christian - with humility, sharing the sorrowful lot of his people. In 1918, the composer’s small estate in the Kostroma village of Kalikino was plundered. The “people's” government announced that the musician was deprived of rights to his property. The choir's repertoire was now approved by the People's Commissariat of Education, expelling all Orthodox music, and the choir itself was renamed the State Choir. Despite everything, Arkhangelsky continued to work and in the winter of 1921, during the celebration of the 50th anniversary of Arkhangelsky’s choral activity, he, the first of the choral conductors, was awarded the title of Honored Artist of the Republic.

I can’t say anything special about my life in Petrograd; My choir (in a reduced composition) is functioning, but everything around me is so burdensome... What should I do? The devastation is complete and general...”

In connection with the renaming of the St. Petersburg Court Singing Chapel into the State Academic Chapel, the existence of two state choirs in one city was considered “incompatible”; Arkhangelsky was offered to organize the State Chapel in Moscow. However, Arkhangelsky refused this proposal, citing illness and old age.

In 1923, through Alexander Grechaninov, the composer received an invitation to work in Prague. Together with his wife Pelageya Andreevna, he moved to Czechoslovakia. Here Alexander Andreevich successfully worked with the All-Student Russian Choir7. Rehearsals of the newly created team were interrupted due to the illness of the leader. In the summer of 1924, Arkhangelsky was invited to Italy for treatment. Feeling better, he returned to Prague. At the same time, the consequences of the October revolution in his homeland left a heavy mark on the composer’s soul. On November 16, 1924, he scheduled the next choir rehearsal, but an hour before it began, the great composer’s heart stopped forever...

In October 1925, the ashes of Alexander Andreevich, according to his expressed will, were transported by his wife to Leningrad, and there, after a conciliarly celebrated funeral Liturgy in the Kazan Cathedral, with the singing of the “former” choir of the beloved regent of Russia, he was given burial on Tikhvin cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. On the tombstone are inscribed the words: “Inspire, O God, my prayer.”

Natalia Kuzina, director of the Tallinn choir “Rainbow”, described the work of Alexander Andreevich Arkhangelsky with the following words: “Arkhangelsky’s musical language is natural, just as human speech is natural and expressive. His compositions are distinguished by their extraordinary softness, clarity, warmth in music, and prayerfulness.”

According to the observation of one of Alexander Arkhangelsky’s contemporaries, “the person praying is fascinated not only by the beauty of the voice, but, most importantly, under the influence of Arkhangelsky’s music, he lights up with an even stronger religious feeling. The reason for this influence is the deep religious feeling of the author himself...”

Department of Heat Engineering and Automotive Engines | Arkhangelsky Vladimir Mitrofanovich

V.M. Arkhangelsky was born on July 23, 1915 in Simferopol. In 1931, he graduated from a 9-year school in Simferopol and entered an automobile technical school, which he graduated in 1935. He worked as a technician at the Simferopol automobile repair plant. In 1936 he entered the Moscow Automobile and Highway Institute.

After graduating from the institute in 1941, he was sent to work in the NKVD Gushosdor, where he worked until 1944. In 1944, he entered graduate school at the Department of Automotive and Tractor Engines of MADI.

Since 1947, he worked as a teacher at MADI. In April 1957, he defended his dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences on the topic “Some cases of operation of a carburetor engine in unsteady conditions.” Confirmed with the rank of associate professor in the department of "Automobiles and Automotive Engines" on March 22, 1964. On March 12, 1976, after defending his dissertation on the topic “Research and optimization of the operation of automobile carburetor engines in unsteady conditions,” V.M. Arkhangelsky was awarded the academic degree of Doctor of Technical Sciences.

Since October 16, 1957 V.M. Arkhangelsky served as deputy dean of the Faculty of Mechanics at MADI, and on February 6, 1961, he was appointed dean of the Faculty of Automotive Transport.

Since September 1, 1986 V.M. Arkhangelsky, at his request, due to health reasons, completed his work as dean of the Faculty of Automotive Transport and transferred to the position of professor at the Department of ATD at MADI.

Under the leadership of V.M. Arkhangelsk 7 graduate students successfully defended their candidate dissertations.

Vladimir Mitrofanovich was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor, medals: “For valiant labor in the Great Patriotic War”, “In memory of the 800th anniversary of Moscow”, “For labor valor”, “For the development of virgin lands”, “For valiant labor”.

V.M. Arkhangelsky was awarded the title of Honored Worker of Science and Technology of the Russian Federation.

He was a deputy of the Moscow City Council of Workers' Deputies of the 10th and 11th convocations.

V.M. Arkhangelsky had high organizational skills and was distinguished by great determination and professionalism. He was a cheerful and kind person.

Vladimir Mitrofanovich Arkhangelsky died in 1989.

Books

Marxist ethics: subject, structure, main directions. M.: Mysl, 1985. 237 p.
Ethical theme in modern Soviet fiction. M.: Znanie, 1980. 64 pp. (Co-author N.A. Arkhangelskaya).
Value orientations and moral development of the individual. M.: Knowledge, 1978. 64 p.
Marxist-Leninist ethics as a system. M.: Knowledge, 1976. 64 p.
Social and ethical problems of personality theory. M.: Mysl, 1974. 218 p. (12 a.l.).
Course of lectures on Marxist-Leninist ethics. M.: Higher School, 1974. 317 p. (18 pages).
Moral ideals of youth. M.: Knowledge, 1970. 16 p. (1.0 a.l.).
Lectures on Marxist-Leninist ethics. Sverdlovsk: [b. i.], 1969. 132 pp. (8.9 al.).
The norms of our house. Sverdlovsk: Central Ural Book. ed., 1966. 16 p. (1.0 a.l.).
Categories of Marxist ethics. M.: Sotsekgiz, 1963. 271 p. (14 a.l.).
The same Edition in Estonian, Tallinn: Esti RAAMAT, 1964;
Edition in German, 1965.
2nd edition. M.: Mysl, 1985. 240 p.
Labor and morality. Sverdlovsk: Sverdgiz, 1961. 128 pp. (6.59 al.). Co-author V.T. Nesterov.
Tribe, nationality, nation as historical forms of community of people. M.: Higher School, 1961. 40 pp. (2.5 al.). The same in Hungarian, Budapest, 1964.
Our happiness. Popular brochure. Sverdlovsk: Sverdgiz, 1958. 46 p. (2.0 a.l.).
Soviet worker. Brochure. Sverdlovsk: Sverdgiz, 1958. 71 p. (3.69 a.l.).
Categories of materialist dialectics. General, special, individual. Two lectures on the course of dialectical materialism. Sverdlovsk: Publishing house. UrSU, 1957. 29 p. (2.0 a.l.).
About camaraderie and friendship. Popular brochure. Sverdlovsk: Sverdgiz, 1956. 42 p. (2.25 a.l.).
Religion as a form of social consciousness. Sverdlovsk: Publishing house. UrSU, 1955. 25 p. (1.5 a.l.).
Labor and religion. Sverdlovsk: Sverdgiz, 1955. 48 pp. (2.46 al.).

Collective works

Your life position / Ed. L.M. Arkhangelsky. M.: Moscow worker, 1979. 176 p. (10 a.l.);
Marxist ethics today. M.: Progress, 1981. (15.8 al.);
Moral qualities of personality and the main aspects of their study / Ed. L.M. Arkhangelsky. M.: Institute of Physics of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1980. (6.0 al.);
Ethics and ideology / Rep. ed. L.M. Arkhangelsky. M.: Nauka, 1982. 359 p. (20 a.l.);
Methodology of ethical research / Responsible. ed. L.M. Arkhangelsky. M.: Nauka, 1982. 382 p. (20 a.l.).

Articles

Moral development of the individual under socialism // Philosophical Sciences. 1975. No. 4.
The structure of interpersonal communication // Sociological problems of personality formation. Sverdlovsk, 1973 (1.0 al.).
The role of morality in the system of social management // Leninism and management of social processes under socialism. M.: Mysl, 1973 (0.3 a.l.).
The subject of the study is moral consciousness // The structure of morality. 1973. Vol. 2 (1.0 a.l.). Co-author Yu.R. Vishnevsky.
Ethical categories // Subject and system of Marxist ethics. Sofia: Science and Art, 1973 (2.0 al.). Co-author G.M. Jafarli.
The most important task of the profession // Ural. 1973. No. 5 (1.0 al.). Co-author R.G. Bukhartsev.
On the relationship between related categories of historical materialism // Sociological Research. 1972. No. 4 (0.5 al.).
Moral consciousness of Soviet workers // The spiritual world of the Soviet worker. M.: Mysl, 1972 (2.0 al.).
On the specifics of class differences in the socio-psychological sphere // Changes in the social structure of Soviet society. Materials for the Second All-Union Conference on the problem “Changing the social structure of Soviet society.” Sverdlovsk, 1971. Issue. 9 (0.5 a.l.).
Scientific and technological revolution and personal development // Word to the lecturer. 1971 (1.0 a.l.). Co-author B.L. Alexandrova.
Lenin’s principles of moral education // Lenin’s ethical heritage and modernity. Tambov, 1971 (0.25 al.).
Problems of personality in M. Gorky’s journalism // Gorky Readings. Sverdlovsk, 1971 (0.5 al.).
Personality as an object of study of related sciences // Problems of the spiritual life of the working class. Sverdlovsk, 1970 (0.5 al.).
On the question of the nature, structure and function of the moral ideal // The structure of morality. Sverdlovsk, 1970 (1.0 al.). Co-authors O.N. Zhemanov, Yu.P. Petrov.
On the place of moral regulation in the general system of social management in a socialist society // Reports to the UP International Sociological Congress. Sverdlovsk, 1970 (0.5 al.).
On the dialectical nature of the relationship between public and personal interests in socialist morality // Questions of Marxist-Leninist ethics and communist education. Sverdlovsk, 1970 (0.5 al.).
Problems of ethics in the pre-October works of V.I. Lenin // Questions of Marxist-Leninist ethics and communist education. Sverdlovsk, 1970 (0.5 al.).
Ethical values: interaction and dependence // Materials of the XIV Philosophical Congress. 1969 (0.5 a.l.).
On the philosophical character of Marxist ethics and its structure // Philosophical Sciences. 1970. No. 1 (1.0 al.).
Social nature and the role of mass communication // Social environment and personality. Sverdlovsk, 1969 (1.5 al.). Co-author B.A. Yuferov.
On the question of the structure of morality // Questions of Philosophy. 1969. No. 5 (0.5 al.).
Social and psychological factors of personality development and their consideration in propaganda work // Political information. Sverdlovsk: Sverdl. Publishing house, 1968 (0.3 a.l.).
Moral values and individual consciousness // Questions of philosophy. 1968. No. 7 (1.0 al.).
Moral development of the individual // Personality under socialism. M.: Nauka, 1968 (1.0 al.).
Experience in studying the prestige of the teaching profession // Scientific notes. SGPI, 1967 (1.0 al.).
Communist moral norms and their formation // Philosophical Sciences. 1967. No. 4 (1.0 al.).
Life plans and ideals of school youth // Soviet pedagogy. 1967. No. 6 (1.0 al.).
Society, interest, personality // Public interest and personality. Sociological research. 1967. No. 2 (1.0 al.).
Social and mental factors of personality formation // Formation of a communist worldview is the main task of party education. Sverdlovsk, 1967 (0.8 al.).
The structure of morality and moral development of the individual // Materials for the scientific conference dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution “Issues of Marxist-Leninist ethics”. Tambov, 1967 (0.5 al.).
On the study of the interests of Soviet youth // Scientific-theoretical conference “Youth and Socialism”. Abstracts of reports. M., 1967 (0.6 al.).
Moral development of the individual in socialist society // Personality under socialism. M.: Nauka, 1966 (1.0 al.).
The moral side of choosing a profession // Life plans for youth. Sociological research. Sverdlovsk: Publishing house. USU, 1966. Issue. 1 (1.0 a.l.).
The problem of moral development of the individual // “Man in socialist and bourgeois society.” Symposium (reports and messages). M., 1966 (1.0 al.).
Benefit, beneficence // Brief dictionary of ethics. M.: Politizdat, 1965 (0.8 a.l.).
Welcome // Brief dictionary of ethics. M.: Politizdat, 1965 (0.9 a.l.).
Evil, atrocity // Brief dictionary of ethics. M.: Politizdat, 1965 (0.8 a.l.).
Dignity // Brief dictionary of ethics. M.: Politizdat, 1965 (0.9 a.l.).
Honor // A brief dictionary of ethics. M.: Politizdat, 1965 (0.9 a.l.).
Moral norms, their structure and features of formation // Materials of the 2nd zonal scientific conference on philosophical sciences. Perm, 1966 (0.8 al.).
High consciousness of public duty // Moral code of the builder of communism. M.: Mysl, 1965 (1.0 al.). Co-author G.V. Mokronosov.
On the criteria of communist behavior // Soviet pedagogy. 1964. No. 8 (1.0 al.).
Goodness, duty, conscience // Questions of philosophy. 1964. No. 6 (1.0 al.).
Communist consciousness wins // Soviet worker. Sverdlovsk: Sverdgiz, 1963 (0.2 al.).
The public duty of the builder of communism // Communist. 1963. No. 3 (1.0 al.).
Friendship // Philosophical Encyclopedia. 1962. T. 2 (1.4 al.).
On the communist moral ideal // Questions of Philosophy. 1961. No. 11 (1.0 al.).
The essence of ethical categories // Philosophical Sciences. 1961. No. 1 (1.0 al.).
Formation of communist consciousness of workers and comprehensive development of personality. §§ 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 // The rise of the cultural and technical Soviet working class. M.: Sotsekgiz, 1961 (4.5 al.).
Honor // Ural. 1961. No. 3 (0.75 al.).
The criterion of happiness in Marxist-Leninist ethics // Lectures on Marxist-Leninist ethics. M.: Publishing house. Moscow State University, 1960 (1.0 al.).
The criterion of practice in logic // Practice is the criterion of truth in science. M.: Sotsekgiz, 1960 (2.0 al.).
Social practice and the purpose of knowledge // Philosophical Sciences. 1960. No. 2 (1.0 al.).
Education of moral beliefs, feelings and habits // Questions of Philosophy. 1960. No. 6 (0.1 al.).
On the combination of theory and practice of moral education // Questions of Marxist-Leninist ethics. M.: Gospolitizdat, 1960 (0.6 a.l.).
Practice is the basis of the unity of language and thinking // Scientific notes of Ural State University. 1957. Issue. 21 (2.0 a.l.).
Materialistic traditions in the works of M.V. Lomonosova, F.I. Buslaeva // Russian language at school. 1957. No. 1 (0.5 al.).
On the question of the role of language in the formation of concepts // Scientific notes of USU. 1955. Issue. 13 (1.0 a.l.).