What determined the timeliness. Relevance of the research topic. To cultivate timeliness in yourself it is necessary

Ensuring timeliness as a critical information requirement poses the greatest challenges for intelligence officers. In information, time is of paramount importance, whereas in research work it usually plays a secondary role. Hence the painful need for the scientist who became an intelligence officer to change his attitude towards the time factor

To ensure timely submission of information, it is necessary to set deadlines for completing work on the task. And this can lead to haste and shallow study this issue and a decrease in the level of research work, as well as cause a number of other consequences that are unpleasant for the ordinary researcher.
These difficulties can be partially overcome in the following way: In cases where there is little time to prepare information for senior management, there is a temptation to distribute the time available for completing this task in such a way that the editorial and control authorities receive enough of it, and the author - the drafter of the document would meet tight deadlines. For example, if a document needs to be written, edited, and submitted for reproduction within two months, it is often the case that one month is allotted for research work and drafting the document and the same amount for editing.
More correct in in this case would be to distribute the time as follows: seven weeks for research and two weeks for editing and subsequent review. If an intelligence officer receives an assignment from the area in which he is usually involved, then the study of this issue, the selection of dossiers and the understanding of the problem actually begin long before the order to prepare the corresponding document was received.
Under these conditions, an information service employee does not start work from scratch, but already has a significant part of the necessary material at his disposal. In addition, with rare exceptions, when a task is given unexpectedly, it is usually possible to find out in advance by what deadline it will be required. this document, and do some important work ahead of time. This is similar to receiving "advance orders" before a fight.
However, assignments often take many information workers by surprise. Apparently they are worshiping
are given to such a saint as the Anglo-Saxon king Æthelred the Unready. The requirement to comply with the established deadlines should be explained to the compiler of the information document. He must be accustomed to plan work so as to complete it by the deadline, leaving some time for unforeseen delays. A common mistake is that at some specific time,
R n s. 1. Time distribution on a logarithmic ruler scale.
Typically, more work is scheduled to be done than can actually be done. This leads to the so-called “slide rule effect.” Let's say that the work consists of nine parts, each of which requires approximately equal amounts of time. It turns out that it takes more time to complete the first parts of the work, and less and less time is left to complete the subsequent parts. If you depict the progress of such a task graphically, you will get something resembling a slide rule scale (see Fig. 1).
Knowing the importance of completing work on time is partly a matter of habit. It is characteristic of scientists to a very small extent. Journalists never forget about this. Most intelligence information documents are as "transitory" in their significance as an article in a magazine like Foreign Affairs. For example, Mosley’s excellent article “Soviet foreign policy after the death of Stalin" was very interesting and valuable at the time of its writing. However, she quickly loses these qualities as time passes and the situation changes. If this is clearly communicated to the information service staff so that they fully understand the importance of timely information, we will be better able to overcome their natural resistance to demands for speeding up work.

More on the topic TIMELINESS OF INFORMATION:

In the prevention of repeated socially dangerous actions, timely hospitalization in
§ 2. Resolution of the issue of the timeliness of delivery of a copy of the indictment (indictment) and the measure of restraint
INFORMATION: HOW IT IS UNDERSTANDED IN THE USSR NATIONAL OWNERSHIP OF INFORMATION MEDIA
POLITICAL ASPECT OF THE PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION EXCHANGE WHAT IS HIDDEN BEHIND THE AMERICAN DOCTRINE OF “FREE FLOW OF INFORMATION”

The relevance of the research topic is the main requirement that applies to any scientific work, including coursework. Regardless of what topic the author has chosen, first of all, the student’s work must embody practical interest and be relevant. The relevance of the course topic determines its necessity, importance and competitiveness in solving a specific problem or issue that has arisen before the student. The author must determine how relevant his research is even before starting work on the coursework. If the topic is not relevant, then there will be no point in carrying out this research, and it will not be possible to apply it in practice.

Timeliness of the research

the state of science;
the emergence of new research methods and information.

Need clarification:

related or not this topic with limitations in previous studies;
whether the topic is driven by the need to use new research methods;
is there a need to conduct this research in connection with new economic conditions, etc.

Scope of disclosure of relevance

The relevance of the topic is revealed at the very beginning of the work, right in the introduction to the coursework. It should be noted that the significance of the topic is first substantiated, and only after that its goals and objectives. In this case, the rationale for relevance should occupy about half the page. There is no need to describe the relevance of the topic for several pages. It is quite enough to use from 5 to 7 sentences, which will outline the main factors based on which the student considered his topic to be truly important and relevant. After reading the rationale, the teacher checking the coursework must make sure that the topic chosen for research is actually relevant.

Importance of the research topic

The importance of a research topic can be influenced by a variety of factors. It is advisable to interrelate the significance of the topic and the economic (political, social) situation in the country. It is necessary to emphasize how this research can affect the situation both at the specific site to which the topic of work concerns, and in the country as a whole.

If, even after studying the above recommendations, you have difficulty describing the relevance of your coursework, look at the examples given below and, using them as a visual example, determine the relevance of your research topic by analogy.

Examples of describing the relevance of the topic

As a rule, for enterprises, tasks aimed at reducing capital productivity and the efficient use of fixed assets are relevant. The relevance of the research conducted in this direction can be presented as follows:

"The state of production assets directly affects the results economic activity any enterprise. By maximizing production capacity utilization, it is possible to achieve a significant increase in capital productivity, productivity, as well as a reduction in production costs, and as a result, an increase in profitability. According to data presented by the Ministry of Statistics and Analysis of the Russian Federation, today the average depreciation of fixed assets in various industries is about 80%. In this regard, the search for ways to increase the efficiency of using fixed assets remains relevant and necessary for the development of enterprises and the economy in the country as a whole."

Another example: "Observed during recent years In the Russian Federation, the growing trend in the number of crimes and the death of police officers while on duty necessitate a significant increase in the level of physical and psychological training of personnel, and the search for the most effective ways to train employees. The fact that there is a problem was repeatedly mentioned in the decision of the Board of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, at meetings of the Minister of the Ministry of Internal Affairs with professors and teachers of specialized educational institutions. The reality of the prospects for increasing the level of psychological training in internal affairs bodies can be determined solely on the basis of a scientific concept. It should be noted that, in our opinion, today there is no such concept in the Ministry of Internal Affairs."

Methodological apparatus scientific research

Relevance topics means that put in research tasks and problems are of significant importance for the relevant branch of science and/or practical activity and currently require an early solution.

Rationale relevance topics are presented in the introduction of the work and consists in arguing the need to carry out research on the chosen topic. At the same time, the main attention is paid to unresolved problems and little-studied issues.

At the first stage should be analyzed general state cases in the subject area research. Provide facts or statistics, results of known scientific or practical achievements, regulations(if any) or other arguments that confirm the importance and necessity of conducting research on the chosen topic. Explain what determines timeliness research, i.e. why this topic should be researched now.

At the second stage it is necessary to establish and describe the existing contradiction - to identify inconsistency, discrepancy between any opposites within a single object, discrepancy between the desired and the actual, discrepancy between the known and the unknown.

At the third stage Based on the established contradiction, it is necessary to formulate an unresolved or not fully resolved problem in theory and/or practice. In the scientific sense, a problem is a question or a holistic set of questions that arises during the study of something, the solution of which is of practical or theoretical interest. When justifying relevance the identified problem is presented at a substantive level in a brief form. Her specific production is given when presenting the solution in the main part of the work. The problem statement determines what needs to be done.

At the fourth stage conclusions need to be drawn about relevance Topics research.

Relevance topic involves its connection with degree of study and scientific development.

Degree of study and scientific development of the topic represents short review and generalized analysis of known scientific achievements in the selected area. It lists all significant publications related to the topic research, it is noted what issues are currently disclosed on the problem research, and what remains undisclosed, the general direction of the author’s own research is determined. The review should be based on articles scientific journals and scientific monographs, incl. on foreign language. Description degree of study and scientific elaboration ends with the resulting conclusion that this particular topic has not yet been disclosed or has been partially disclosed and has not received proper coverage in the specialized literature, and therefore needs further development. Thus, the place of one’s own research in a specific field of knowledge is determined.

Basic information blocks and the sequence of their presentation when justifying relevance topics and descriptions the degree of its study and scientific development are shown in Fig. 2.1.

Rice. 2.1. The main information blocks and the sequence of their presentation when justifying the relevance of the topic and describing the degree of its study and scientific development

When justifying relevance and description It is recommended to use standard lexico-syntactic constructions given in Table 2.1

Table 2.1. Lexico-syntactic constructions recommended for use in justification relevance research topics and descriptions the degree of its degree of study and scientific development
Group	Examples
Lexico-syntactic constructions recommended for use in justification relevance Topics research	· Lack of proven methods (approaches, concepts)... hinders effective decision-making in the field of...., which determines the need for development (preparation, implementation)..... · Analysis of practical experience in carrying out IT projects... revealed the presence of such problems , how....This determines the feasibility of developing (preparation, carrying out)... · Numerous studies... have shown that one of the main problems in the field... is...., therefore it is necessary.... · The need to create (preparation, development).... is due to the lack of.... · When carrying out IT projects.... There are a number of difficulties, therefore... · The identified problem... has not yet been resolved. · Relevance The research topic is determined by the following factors: 1. ... 2. ... 3. ... · The need to conduct research on the chosen topic is due to…. · To solve the problem... it is necessary... which determines relevance research topics
Lexico-syntactic constructions recommended for use in the description degree of study and scientific development of the topic	· Fundamental scientific developments in the field of... are presented by the works of the authors... · Issues... are covered in detail in the works of the authors... · In the works of.... it is noted (justified) that... · In the works... issues... are considered without taking into account... · In the works... it is indicated that..., thus, one can conclude... · When solving the problem... the authors... come to general conclusions.... · According questions... there are different opinions. The author…..believes that… At the same time, the author…. notes that... · In the works of the authors... approaches to solving the problem are considered... Issues... receive little attention. · When considering the problem..., the authors do not touch upon the issues... · In scientific works and practical recommendations questions (problems)… have not been reflected, so there is a need for preparation (development, creation)… · Currently, questions…. little covered in theoretical research and/or practical development, which determines the need for research in the field...

Examples of typical mistakes made by students when justifying relevance Topics research and description degree of its study, are given in table 2.2.

A written task that is assigned to all students of higher or secondary specialized educational institutions to complete within a specified time frame and in accordance with certain requirements. One of the important requirements that this must meet is treatise– this is relevance course work.

The relevance of the coursework is the most important part of the coursework, which helps to reveal the need to study the topic chosen by the student. It should answer the question: “Why do you need to research a topic?”

The student must determine whether the chosen topic is really relevant long before starting to write the course work. If the chosen topic is not relevant, then doing this work is practically meaningless.

The relevance of the coursework must be justified in detail. The student needs to show whether the topic he has chosen is really in demand modern industry, science, or local production. If the topic of the course work is not valuable, then writing it will not help the student become a better professional on his chosen path.

In order for the discussion of the topic of the relevance of the coursework to be successful, it is necessary to show how this research can help improve the current situation in that area of development modern society, which would be directly or indirectly related to the topic exam paper.

Instructions for writing coursework relevance

The relevance of the topic of the course work should be considered at the very beginning of the examination text, in its introduction. It must be remembered that you first need to justify the significance of the topic and only after that its main goals and objectives. Particularly valued in this part of the work is the student’s personal opinion and his vision of the importance of the issues he is researching. Because if a student manages to have a good understanding of the features of the material he is studying, then revealing the theoretical or practical aspects should also not cause any particular difficulties for him.

In order for the justification of the relevance of the course work to be successful, the author must skillfully explain what determines the goals of his research specifically in the current period of time.

First of all, it is worth paying the attention of the supervisor to the degree of study of the chosen topic for the examination work in a particular area at the moment. The student must highlight which aspects have not yet been sufficiently studied, and how this gap can be filled. Such logical reasoning will be a solid foundation for further personal growth on the chosen path.

It would also be useful to mention the relationship between the topic under consideration and the current situation in the country in this area. Then, you need to focus on how this research and its implementation can contribute to the development of both the specific object with which the topic of the work was connected, and the entire country as a whole.

It is necessary to pay attention to the extent to which the relevance of the course topic is related to:

the state of scientific development;
the emergence of the latest teaching methods and other additional information directly related to the topic of research

Also, it should be clarified:

the extent to which the chosen topic relates to identified shortcomings in previously conducted research;
whether the topic is driven by a desire to take advantage of the latest research methods;
is there a need to conduct this study due to changes in economic conditions, etc.

After reviewing the rationale, the teacher checking the completed coursework must make sure that the student’s choice is actually useful and relevant. Depending on the subject being studied, the chosen topic and the wishes of the teacher, the volume can range from 7-8 sentences to 2 pages.

There are times when even the most detailed study of instructions on how to correctly write a term paper does not bring the desired result.

In such a situation, it can be useful to consider examples of the correct description of the relevance of the work, use them as a visual aid, and then determine the relevance of the topic of your work by analogy.

Examples of writing coursework relevance

As a rule, for most firms and companies, tasks that help increase the level of capital productivity and use available assets with greater efficiency are relevant. The relevance of the research conducted in this area can be described as follows:

Example 1
“The fortunes of manufacturing companies are closely linked to the economic performance of any organization. By maximizing production capacity utilization, it is quite possible to achieve a significant increase in capital productivity, productivity levels and a gradual reduction in production costs. This, in turn, will lead to increased profitability of the enterprise.

In accordance with the data presented by the Ministry of Statistics and Analysis of the State of Economic Assets of the Russian Federation, at the moment, the depreciation of the most important assets is about 80%. In this regard, the search for methods to improve the efficiency of using available funds remains relevant. It is extremely necessary for the development of individual enterprises and normalization economic condition the whole country as a whole."

Example 2
“The trend observed in Russia over the past decades towards an increase in the number of crimes and deaths of police officers during the performance of their official duty indicates the need to increase the level of both physical and psychological training of police officers, and to find more effective methods of training and preparation of new employees. Members of the Board of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation have repeatedly spoken about the existence of such a problem.

The reality of the prospect of increasing the level of professionalism and psychological training of police officers can be determined solely on the basis of a scientific concept. It should be emphasized that today the Ministry of Internal Affairs does not have such a concept.”

Typical mistakes when writing relevance

Many students believe that the introduction to the course work and the description of its relevance is the most difficult part of the entire exam paper. And teachers shrug their shoulders in bewilderment: what’s so difficult about the requirements for describing relevance?

Let's look at the most common mistakes:

Mistake #1. The volume or structure of the relevance of the course work does not meet the standard. Remember the main advice when describing the relevance of your course work: the introduction should be written according to a template. There is no need to reinvent the wheel here. It is worth remembering that the relevance of the work should be discussed in the introduction to the coursework, immediately before the description of its tasks and goals. The volume of this part of the course work should not exceed 2 pages.

Mistake #2. The level of uniqueness of this part of the work does not meet the required level. As discussed above, describing relevance particularly values the student's personal opinion and perspective on the importance of the issues being explored. If most of this piece of work was taken from the Internet or educational literature there can be no talk of personal understanding of this issue.

Mistake #3. The description is not sufficiently reasoned. In order for the description of the relevance of the course work to satisfy the teacher, it must be based on current reliable information in the field being studied. But it is not enough to rewrite just some facts and figures. Understanding the essence of the issue will help the student to use the information received in such a way that the teacher sees his deep interest in improving the current state of affairs in this industry.

Mistake #4. The description of relevance is not consistent with the main body of the work. It often happens that scientific adviser encourages the student to make significant changes to the main part of the coursework. For this reason, the introduction to the work, including a description of its relevance, may require complete or partial revision.

calm for a new literary era?

The great Russian scientist and poet Lomonosov had a tremendous impact on the entire course of development of Russian philological culture, including the development of the Russian literary language. Diversely and generously gifted by nature, possessing not only a creative genius, but also an extensive, sober and bright mind, ardently devoted to his homeland and the needs of its cultural success, Lomonosov, like none of his predecessors and contemporaries, was able to correctly determine the ratio of those elements from which historically there was a Russian written language, and guess the urgent, living needs of its development.

Lomonosov's main merit, therefore, lies in the fact that he created a solid basis for the development of a new bookish, but already secular, general civil Russian literary language. The largest of Lomonosov’s philological works, his “Russian Grammar,” which appeared in 1755, is also associated with the development of this language. Writing this grammar is truly the greatest of Lomonosov's feats. After all, we must remember that Lomonosov’s grammar is the first Russian grammar, because all earlier grammars were devoted exclusively to the Church Slavonic language. Lomonosov skillfully took advantage of the previous grammatical tradition, but took a giant step forward, for the first time in Russian history choosing the new, secular Russian as the subject of grammatical study literary language and thereby laying the foundation for its further grammatical improvement.

Lomonosov's rough notes to his "Russian Grammar" show with what clear consciousness of the civic duty resting on him this great explorer nature to his extensive philological work. In these notes, Lomonosov, among other things, admits that his main works “discipline” him “from verbal sciences”10, that is, prevent him from studying philology, but that nevertheless he takes on them, since he sees that no one else is for this case is not accepted. “Although I won’t commit it,” writes Lomonosov, “however, if I start, it will be easier for others after me to do it...”