Feudal fragmentation of Rus' presentation. Presentation on the topic "feudal fragmentation in Rus'." Engaged in foreign policy
Slide 1
The beginning of the fragmentation of Rus'
Slide 2
Slide 3
The 12th century became a turning point between Kievan Rus, in which culture flourished, tools of labor were improved, the custom of blood feud died out, and Appanage Rus, which split into dozens and hundreds of principalities and lands
Slide 4
Slide 5
The grandson of Yaroslav the Wise, Vladimir Monomakh, invited to the Kiev throne, made incredible efforts to keep Rus' from collapse. He called on his relatives for peace and harmony, was the initiator of congresses of princes: 1097 - congress in Lyubech: “let each one maintain his fatherland”, 1103 - congress in the city of Dolobsk (union of efforts of princes in the fight against the Polovtsians). Under his rule, up to three-quarters of the Russian lands were reunited, he stopped the princely strife, and secured Rus' from the raids of nomads. Under him, the “Charter of Monomakh” was created
Slide 6
Maintaining grand-ducal power was not easy, since: ▪ representatives of the grand-ducal family fought among themselves for the throne in Kyiv (power was passed not from father to son, but from older brother to younger); ▪ weak economic ties between the lands, due to the dominance of subsistence farming, weakened the dependence of the appanage prince or boyar on the Grand Duke; ▪ patrimonial boyars settled on their lands, became rich, and stopped bowing to the prince of Kyiv; ▪ the princes fought not to seize power throughout the country, but to expand the borders of their principality; ▪ the path “from the Varangians to the Greeks” lost its meaning; ▪ the threat from the Cumans remained.
Slide 7
Mstislav the Great
In 1132, the last powerful Grand Duke of Kiev, Mstislav, the son of Vladimir Monomakh, died. That year, one of the chroniclers wrote: “... the whole Russian land was torn apart,” that is, it fell apart. A period of fragmentation began. It was in the 30-40s. XII century Kyiv irrevocably lost control over the Rostov-Suzdal land, where Yuri Dolgoruky ruled, over Novgorod and Smolensk, whose boyars themselves began to select princes for themselves. In the Galicia-Volyn principality in the middle of the 12th century. The boyars began a struggle for power. The Vladimir-Suzdal Principality becomes a new strong enemy.
Slide 8
The son of Vladimir Monomakh, Yuri, inherited the lands of North-Eastern Rus' after the death of his father. He strove for the expansion and prosperity of his region. Suzdal became the capital of North-Eastern Rus' under Yuri. This city especially grew during his reign. Yuri was the first independent prince of the Rostov-Suzdal land after the collapse of Rus' in 1132.
Slide 9
Yury Dolgoruky"
Yuri went down in history under the nickname “Dolgoruky”, as he actively interfered in the affairs of his neighbors. He entered into single combat with the Volga Bulgars, and with the Novgorodians, and with the princes of the southern Russian lands, trying to seize the Kiev throne. It is with Yuri’s struggle for “seniority” that the first chronicle mention of Moscow is associated (1147)
Slide 10
After a long struggle, Yuri took possession of Kiev in 1155 and sat on the grand-ducal throne. His sons received Vyshgorod (Andrey), Turov (Boris), Pereyaslavl Russky (Gleb) as an inheritance. Andrei was not attracted to these lands, and in the same year he secretly left Vyshgorod from his father and moved to Vladimir. Leaving Vyshgorod, Andrei stole the miraculous icon of the Mother of God from the convent, which later became known in Rus' as the Mother of God of Vladimir.
Slide 11
Andrey Bogolyubsky
Having become the prince of the Rostov-Suzdal land, bypassing his younger brothers, Andrei did not give them inheritance, and they left the principality. Under Andrei, great importance was attached to the construction of churches and strengthening the connection between secular and spiritual authorities. Andrei Bogolyubsky, strengthening his autocracy, fought against Kiev and Novgorod. Kyiv was taken in 1169 and devastated by the troops of Andrew and the Polovtsian hordes.
Slide 12
Having seized the Kiev grand princely throne, Andrei remained to reign in Vladimir, and entrusted the reign of Kiev to his brother Gleb. But he could not hold him back: the people of Kiev poisoned Prince Gleb, who had been imprisoned by Andrei.
Andrei Bogolyubsky pursued a tough policy towards the boyars in his principality. Attacking their rights and privileges, he brutally dealt with the rebellious, expelled them from the principality, and deprived them of their estates. A conspiracy arose against the prince, in which his Ossetian servants Anbal and housekeeper Efrem Mozevich were involved. On June 29, 1174, the conspirators broke into the prince's house and hacked the prince to death. After Andrei's death, strife began. Residents of Vladimir proposed the sons of Yuri, Mikhail and Vsevolod, to the throne.
Slide 13
Vsevolod "Big Nest"
From 1176 to 1212, the youngest son of Yuri Dolgoruky, Vsevolod, was the prince of Vladimir, nicknamed the Big Nest, as he had 8 sons and 8 grandchildren, not counting daughters. Under him, the Vladimir-Suzdal principality reached its greatest prosperity. He was the first among the princes of the North-East to accept the title of Grand Duke. Vsevolod severely punished the rebellious boyars. Ryazan was captured under him. He interfered in the affairs of Novgorod and was feared in Kyiv. After the death of Vsevolod, his sons divided the principality into parts and waged strife.
Slide 14
Fragmentation has led to certain consequences
Positive: Rise of cities, development of crafts and trade; Formation of the apparatus of power, taking into account geographical features; The formation of traditions in culture, literature, architecture, social thought, oral folk art, and fine arts
Negative: Strife among princes; Fragmentation of the lands of the principalities; Weakening the defense capability of Russian lands; The collapse of ties between Russian lands, the decline in international prestige; The struggle of the princes with the boyars within the principalities
Slide 15
Answer the test questions
1. The first mention of Moscow is associated with the prince: A Andrei Bogolyubsky, B Yuri Dolgoruky, C Simeon the Proud. 2. Moscow was founded in: A 1174, B 1127, C 1147, D 1114 3. In 1097, an all-Russian princely congress met. In which city did it occur: A in Kyiv, B in Vladimir Suzdal, C in Lyubech, D in Novgorod. 4. What is the Boyar Duma: A an advisory body under the prince, B a judicial body under the prince, C was the name of the government body in Novgorod. 5. In the XII-XIII centuries. the political center of North-Eastern Rus' was located in: A Nizhny Novgorod, B Moscow, C Vladimir, D Suzdal.
The purpose of the lesson
Summarize students' knowledge about feudal fragmentation in Rus', as a natural stage under the dominance of the feudal system.
Lesson Objectives
- To help students understand the connection between the growth of large landownership and the assumption of state power by princes, as well as between subsistence farming and the independence of principalities.
- Develop students’ skills and abilities: draw conclusions, see cause/effect relationships, find errors, develop teamwork skills
- To foster mutual understanding, interaction, individual responsibility and equal participation in students
Chronology of the period
The beginning of fragmentation - the 30s of the 12th century (1132) - the end of the 14th century.
FEATURES OF THE FARM
Vladimir-Suzdal Principality
Fishing, cattle breeding, forestry, and agriculture are developed. They grew: wheat, barley, rye, oats, millet. Trade was especially developed
FEATURES OF GOVERNANCE OF THE Vladimir-Suzdal Principality
Power was concentrated in the hands of the ruling princes. They managed to rise above the boyars and above the veche. The princes strove for autocracy.
The first Vladimir-Suzdal princes
Yury Dolgoruky(son of Vladimir Monomakh)
- Built new cities (considered the founder of Moscow - 1147)
- Moved the capital of the principality to Vladimir
- Sought to subordinate the boyars to princely power
- Killed as a result of a boyar conspiracy
- Assigned the title of Grand Duke of Vladimir to himself
- Imperiously interfered in the affairs of neighboring principalities.
The Vladimir-Suzdal principality of government is Monarchy(this is a state in which power is inherited).
Natural conditions of the Novgorod Republic
FEATURES OF THE FARM
Novgorod land
Forestry, river fishing and beekeeping were developed. Trade and crafts were especially developed. Vegetable gardening, horticulture and arable farming were relatively developed. Grown: rye, oats, millet.
CONTROL FEATURES
- The veche had supreme power: it decided issues of war and peace, elected senior officials, and invited the prince.
- The highest official was the mayor: he was in charge of the lands, administered justice, supervised the activities of the prince, and directed foreign policy.
- Tysyatsky - control over the tax system, headed the city militia.
- The archbishop was in charge of state lands, participated in the management of foreign policy, and headed the church court.
- The prince was invited from other lands and performed the duties of a military leader; he had no right to interfere in the affairs of city government; the veche concluded an agreement with him.
According to the form of government, Novgorod land is Republic(this is a state governed by people elected by the people)
Reasons for fragmentation(economic and political)^
- The development of the economy led to the emergence of large landowners. They lived off their household and could support their prince.
- New cities developed as political, cultural and economic centers.
- His prince was more concerned about the development of these lands than the distant Kiev prince.
- The power of the Kyiv prince weakened.
- The decline of the trade route “from the Varangians to the Greeks” due to the raids of the Cumans and the movement of trade routes between Europe and Byzantium to the Mediterranean Sea.
- Natural nature of the economy. Internecine wars.
- Each state has its own government (veche, people's militia)
- The urban population sought to have not a Kyiv governor, but their own prince, who would defend their interests.
Positive features of feudal fragmentation
- A separate principality is easier and more convenient to govern
- There is an economic and cultural boom
Negative features of feudal fragmentation
- Defense capabilities were weakened
- Strife and strife continued
- The principalities were divided between the heirs
- There are conflicts between the princes and the local boyars
Task
In the middle of the 12th century there were 15 large principalities in Rus'. At the beginning of the 13th century there were 50 principalities. In the 14th century there were 250 principalities.
What disadvantage of feudal fragmentation manifested itself in this process?
Is feudal fragmentation compatible with cultural upsurge?
Lesson conclusion
The transition to fragmentation is the heyday of medieval society, its economy, political forms and culture, clearly manifested in the variety of types of this development. State unity was not completely lost.
The Russian principalities were connected by a complex system of vassal relations
The Grand Duke of Kyiv was recognized as the head of this system.
Error text
As the economy declined, yesterday's princely smerds increasingly began to remain in their possessions and engage in economic affairs there. With close economic ties and the dominance of a market economy, governing a large country has become difficult. Large cities, going bankrupt, sought to isolate themselves from the power of the Grand Duke. This strengthened Rus' militarily, but a smaller principality is more difficult to govern, maintain order there, etc.
Lesson objectives:
teach how to apply knowledge, skills and abilities in a complex manner, based on what has been previously learned;
Develop students’ skills and abilities: draw conclusions, see cause-and-effect relationships, find errors.
practice control and self-control skills;
After reviewing the topic, students should know:
reasons for feudal fragmentation;
main dates;
features of the development of principalities
princes - rulers
consequences
Must be able to:
compare events and dates;
work with the table and test material.
Lesson format: generalization and repetition on the topic, electronic presentation
Forms of work: group, individual, frontal conversation.
Lesson type: repetition-summarizing using presentation.
Educational and methodological complex: Danilov A.A. Kosulina L.G. History of Russia. From ancient times to the end of the 16th century. 6th grade // Programs of general education institutions. History 6-11 grades. M., Education, 2009
Textbook: Danilov A.A., Kosulina L.G. Russian history. 6th grade M.: Education, 2011
Lesson Tools:
map “Russian lands in the XII - early XIII centuries”;
electronic presentation;
answer plan card
name of the principalities.
Basic concepts:
feudal fragmentation, appanage principalities, political organization of appanage principalities.
Prominent figures:
Yaroslav the Wise
Svyatoslav
Vyacheslav
Izyaslav
Igor
Vsevolod
Literature:
History textbook, 6th grade;
Additional literature on the course.
Lesson plan:
Preparatory stage. 4m
Working with presentation 33m
Test tasks to consolidate the material5 min
Summing up, grading.5min
Homework 3min
During the classes
1.The goals and objectives of the lesson are determined, the type of lesson is explained 5 min.
Introductory speech by the teacher with the aim of setting up a problem task.
Today in the lesson we will summarize knowledge about how the process of feudal fragmentation took place in Rus'. We have to repeat the material working with an electronic presentation
Slide No. 1,2
2. Work with the presentation. 35 minutes
Slide number 2
2.1. Highlight the concept of “feudal fragmentation”
First, students give their definition, then check with slide No. 3
2.2. What names is she associated with:
Slide No. 3, 5. Students explain the participation of each prince and dates of reign
2.3. Identify the causes of feudal fragmentation
Students first name economic and political reasons on their own.
The development of the economy led to the emergence of large landowners. They lived off their household and could support their prince.
New cities developed as political, cultural and economic centers.
His prince was more concerned about the development of these lands than the distant Kiev prince.
The power of the Kyiv prince weakened.
Then check with Slides No. 10,11
2.4. Studying the map.
Teacher: “Which principalities became the most significant in the 12th-13th centuries?”
Students call Vladimir-Suzdal, Kiev, Galicia-Volyn
principalities and Novgorod land.
Show on territory map:
Vladimir-Suzdal Principality;
Galicia-Volyn principality;
Novgorod Republic;
Principality of Kiev.
2.5. Compare the principalities by political structure, significance for the state, and main occupations.
Students are divided into four groups (they will need to present the principality they have received; to make the process of distribution into groups faster, cards for drawing lots are prepared in advance. Groups of students are located according to their geographical location on the map; there are signs on the tables with the names of the capital cities.
Story plan.
Geographical position.
Farming.
Control system.
What is it famous for?
Then time is given to prepare the story in groups. One student answers, the rest get the opportunity to add to it.
The following features should be noted.
Principality of Kiev: strong boyars, there could be two princes at the same time, it was an honor to be a prince of Kyiv.
Galicia-Volyn principality: western, trade with the west, salt production, confrontation between the prince and the boyars.
Vladimir-Suzdal Principality: strong power of the prince, the nobility is the support of the prince.
Novgorod: republic, crafts and trade are developed.
Slides No. 6, 7, 8, 9.
2.6. Highlight positive and negative consequences.
Frontal conversation during which slide No. 12 is discussed
2.7. Conclusion on the topic.
Teacher’s conclusion: “The transition to fragmentation is the heyday of medieval society, its economy, political forms and culture, clearly manifested in the variety of types of this development. State unity was not completely lost:
the Russian principalities were connected by a complex system of vassal relations;
2. recognized the Grand Duke of Kyiv as the head of this system.”
3.Checking your understanding of the material
A test presentation task is being performed.
Slides No. 16-21
4. Grades are given.
5.Record your homework.
Make up 5 questions on the topic covered.
1) After the death of Yaroslav the Wise, he became the Grand Duke of Kyiv:
A. Izyaslav
V.Svyatoslav
S. Vyacheslav
2) By the middle of the 12th century, Rus' split into
59 principalities
15 principalities
235 principalities
3) The prince was invited to
Novgorod land
Principality of Kiev
Galicia-Volyn land
4) Which principality was governed by two princes at once?
Kievsky
Galicia-Volynsk
Novgorod
5) Determine the dates of the reign of Andrei Bogolyubsky
1152-1187
1125-1157
1157-1174
Correct answers A, B, A, A, C
Feudal fragmentation. France and Germany History teacher, Municipal Budgetary Educational Institution "Secondary School of Vostok" Enotaevsky district Astrakhan region Travnikova M.N. 
A) benefices B) estate C) allotment? 2. A plot of land received for military service and transferred from father to son was called A) beneficiary B) fief C) allotment 
A) capitalism B) slave C) feudalism?
A) royal domain B) royal fief B) royal castle  5. What was the name of the “senior” feudal lord? A) lord B) vassal C) king 6. What was the name of a feudal lord who depended on a larger landowner and received from him land holdings and protection for performing military service and performing other duties? A) lord B) vassal C) king  7. Feudal duty, which consisted of forced performance of duties for the feudal lord, is 8. Product or cash payments paid by dependent peasants to feudal lords are A) corvee B) quitrent C) tithe  9. Large groups of people with certain rights and responsibilities that are inherited are called A) estates B) classes C) groups 10. Name the large groups of feudal society: A) “those who pray” B) “those who fight” B) “those who work”  Examination 1a, 2b, 3c, 4a, 5a, 6b, 7a, 8b, 9a, 10 a) clergy, b) knighthood, c) peasants Answer criteria: 0 errors – “5” 1-2 errors – “4” 3 – 4 errors “3” 5 errors – “2”   843 - Treaty of Verdun on the division of Charlemagne's empire Between the grandchildren of Charlemagne  Karl Baldy Louis the German   After the death of Charlemagne in Western Europe, a period began feudal fragmentation
 West Frankish Kingdom. France
 Weakness of royal power in France: Louis Stutterer Karl Tolstoy Charles Rustic Louis Lazy The power of the last kings of the Carolingian dynasty during France has weakened significantly. Contemporaries gave Kings have derogatory nicknames.  987 - election of a new king by the French feudal lords Capetian dynasty Hugo Capet (987 - 996).  East Frankish Kingdom. Germany
 IN 955 year, German and Czech troops led by the German king Otto I defeated the Hungarians in a battle in southern Germany. Soon the Hungarian invasion ceased, and they switched to a sedentary lifestyle. Otto I  Formation of the Holy Roman Empire. IN 962 In the year Otto I marched on Rome, and the pope proclaimed him emperor. In addition to Germany, part of Italy also came under his rule. So the Roman Empire was restored once again and became known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. 10th century  The policy of Otto I was continued by his grandson - Otto III (983 -1002) 
Rus' during the period of feudal fragmentation of the 11th-13th centuries The lesson-presentation was developed by the history teacher of MBOU secondary school No. 12 Klishneva Galina Vladimirovna The early period of state fragmentation The end of the 11th - the beginning of the 12th centuries
Kyiv (Svyatopolk) Chernigovo-Pereyaslavl (Vladimir Monomakh) Tmutarakanskaya Lyubech Congress. 1097
CONSEQUENCES positive negative The largest lands of Rus' in the era of feudal fragmentation
Vladimir-Suzdal Principality 2. The main branch of the economy is agriculture due to the abundance of fertile lands suitable for crop production. 3. A constant influx of population in search of protection from the raids of nomads. 4. The location of the principality at the intersection of trade routes (along the Oka and Volga rivers). 5. Rapid urban growth. Old: New: Vladimir, Suzdal, Moscow, Kostroma, Rostov, Yaroslavl Pereyaslavl-Zalessky Prince Yuri Dolgoruky (1125-1157)
VELIKIY NOVGOROD Peculiarities: Administration of the Novgorod Boyar Republic. Boyar Council Posadnik Tysyatsky Heads of the city parts
GALICY-VOLYNIAN priNCIPALITY NOIBILITY
PECULIARITIES Yaroslav Osmomysl 1152-1187
Administration of the Principality Daniil (Romanovich) Galitsky 1229-1264
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