Which prefix is not written with the letter o. “Spelling of prefixes. a) Meanings of the prefix pre
Spelling of prefixes.
The task is checked immediately five rules Each of them is very easy in itself, but it is quite possible to get confused in them. Don't expect great results without constant training!
Each answer option contains three words that are united by one rule. Each answer option contains three words that are united by one rule.
Unchangeable prefixes.
They are always spelled the same, no matter how you pronounce them:
RUSSIAN CONSTRUCTIONS:
in- (you-)
to-
for-
To-
over-
about-
from-
re-
By-
under-
With-
y-
FOREIGN LANGUAGE PRESIDENTS:
anti-
arch-
de-
dis-
dis-
in-
counter-
re-
sub-
ex-
Distinguish!
Spelling b and b.
Clue.
Ъ and ь always come after consonants before vowels E, Yo, Yu, I, as well as And for b. 
Trap!
To save, to narrow – these letters Ъ and ь are not placed in front of them. Bilingual - the first part does not end with a consonant.
Prefixes ending in Z or S.
Russian prefixes in z-/s- are written So, How are heard, that is, according to the phonetic principle.
From this principle a rule was derived: if after the prefix there is a voiced consonant, it is written at the end з-, if it is voiceless - s-.
Remember!
Many suffer from ignorance of voiceless and voiced consonants.
Ch, Shch, C- Always deaf.
Test your pronunciation!
too much
Trap!
DIS- is a foreign language prefix, so it does not change in writing.
Discriminate #1!
In compound words ( pedagogical institute, sports equipment) And it is preserved, since the first part is not a prefix, but a root!
Discriminate #2!
To lift, to withdraw – but to lift, to lift, to look at, to remove.
Prefixes PRE- and PRI-.
| AT- | PRE- | ||
| 1. = about 2. addition, approximation, accession 3. incomplete action 4. action completed 5. = a little, not for long 6. accompanying action 7. acting in someone's interests |
Baltics
add come running screw sprinkle come up with lie down whistle hide |
1. = very, very ( high degree qualities or actions) 2. = re- (“through”, “in a different way”) |
for a long time
incessantly transform exceed |
Distinguish!
Remember! This rule includes many foreign words or words whose origin is not always clear. You'll have to learn them!
Algorithm of actions.
1. In each option, determine by what rule the words are grouped.
2. Find exceptions in the answer options and insert the missing spellings.
3. Insert the remaining missing letters according to the rule.
Clue. Don't start with the rule on PRE- and PRI-. It is the most difficult, so save it for dessert.
You may also be interested in an article about word formation methods, which describes the prefix method.
Analysis of the task.
In which row, at the place of the gap, is the same letter written in all words?
1) week..evens, not..acquainted, b..born
2) pr..rotation, pr..form, pr..skillful
3) walk..walk, and..vert, di..proportion
4) dis..information, inform..inform, notorious..
The first variant presents words with a prefix that cannot be changed in writing, the second - the prefixes PRE-/PRI-, the third - prefixes with Z-/S-, the fourth - Y/I after consonant prefixes.
Let's leave the spelling PRE- and PR-.
Option #1.
week..week the letter O is missing in the immutable prefix NEDO-, not...familiar– we discard NOT-, the unchanged prefix O- remains, h...to be born– prefix ZA-.
Option #3.
Let's start with the foreign language prefix DIS- in the word di..proporia. This prefix does not change in writing. In the remaining words we put down what we hear: pacing, and eruption.
Option number 4.
We are looking for a non-Russian prefix. In a word mis..information We find DEZ-, which means after it we write I-. In a word inform a prefix ending in a vowel is used, so we also keep I- in the root. And in the word famous The Russian prefix Bez- changes I- to Y-.
Option #3.
In the three previous versions we did not insert the same spellings. Thus, correct answer No. 3. Let's check it out. Pr..rotation(=re go from one state to another) , pr..educate (=re do) , pr..skillful(=very, pre-).
Practice.
1. In which row is the same letter missing in all three words?
1) p..write, with..agreement, pos..yesterday
2) ra..rely, be..active, in..remember
3) pr..form, pr..unpleasant, pr..follow
4) under..play, super..interesting, notorious..well-known
2. In which row is the same letter missing in all three words?
1) not..done, in..drag, and..give
2) p..tell, p..nick, not..sightly
3) pr..increase, pr..passion, pr..flash
4) once..skate, without..similar, on..play
3. In which row is the same letter missing in all three words?
1) w..often, n..best, pos..yesterday
2) pre..history, without..inaction, unknown..
3) app..proposition, pr..lake, pr..huge
4) to..do, in..bulge (of light), to..think
1. Consoles V-, about-, from-, over-, under-, y-, O-, You-, on-, for-, to-, By-, re-: login - contribute - run in- stand up
No problem! Always write them the same way!
Many prefixes are always written the same way, for example: run in, stand up. Do you hear different sounds at the beginning of these words? The sounds [v] and [f] are different pronunciations of the same prefix v-. Why can pronunciation be different? It depends on the subsequent sound. The law of deafening the voiced before the deaf works. So, we can pronounce these prefixes differently, depending on the phonetic position in the word, but we always write them the same way.
Remember:
A list of examples will help you remember these prefixes:
Inscription, signature and subterfuge,
ending, screwdriver,
exit, entry and attack,
both income and food,
and also a visit, a hike
and an underground passage.
Borrowed foreign prefixes are also found in Russian words:
dez-, counter-, trans-, post-, sub-, super-, pan-.
Always write them the same way.
Prefix s-: change
There is only a prefix With-.
Misspellings of this little prefix are so common that a special rule had to be created. The fact is that many people confuse the prefix s- with prefixes ending in letters With or h. They will be discussed below.
Write the prefix s- always the same way: both before vowels and before any consonants: surrender, make, wash away.
Before paired voiced consonants, the prefix s- is pronounced like [z]: make, hand over.
Don't be confused:
In words here, building, health, (not visible) no way and other similar letters h refers to the root.
Which prefixes are spelled differently?
1. Prefixes ending with letters h And With: helpless – homeless
Attention to the border between prefix and root!
Prefixes: once-// race-, from-//is-, without-// bes-, through-// vos-, up-// all-, bottom-// down-, through-// through- , through-// through- if the root of the word
· begins with a vowel or voiced consonant, write with the letter h: homeless,
· if the root begins with a voiceless consonant, - with the letter With: helpless.
2. Consoles pra-//pro: great-grandson – truant
Think about the meaning:
If values are expressed:
· “prescription, history, antiquity, remoteness of times, phenomena, relationships, persons”, write great-: great-grandfather, proto-Slavic language,
· any others - write the prefix pro-: stand (long), view (quickly, briefly), prescribe (prescribe treatment), pro-Russian policy, etc.
3. Consoles times- (dis-)//ro´ z- (ro´ With): paint – ro´ write off
Attention to emphasis:
On consoles times-, races-//roses-, growth-
· write without accent A: story,
under stress - O: stories.
4. Consoles pre-//pri-: cute, block – come, tie, cover up, roadside
Think about the meaning:
Write pre- if values are passed:
· "Very" - dear, old,
· “over” is an obstacle.
Write with-, if values are passed:
· “approaching” - to come, to come,
· “attachment” - sew, tie,
“a little bit” - cover, open,
· “near, close” - coastal, roadside
Attention:
Many words are not included in the listed groups: get used to, be present, listen and others. Try to remember their spelling.
Don't be confused:
In a series of words pre And at are part of the root: reason, hello, order, transform, despise, obstacle and others. Try to remember such spellings.
Attention:
Do not confuse words with prefixes with complex abbreviated words: pedagogical institute, political publishing house, sports equipment. They have nothing to do with this rule.
Task 10. Spelling suffixes various parts speech (except for suffixes with N and NN)
Task 10 does not include spellings with n - NN(a separate task is devoted to this topic . But even without them, the volume of material is large, because Russian is a language with a developed suffix system: there are many suffixes. A literate person needs to know the spelling of suffixes of nouns, adjectives, adverbs and verbs. However, not all suffixes are found in KIMs. The wording of the tasks involves searching for words either with a letter e, or with a letter And. This allows you to significantly narrow the circle of “necessary” suffixes. Moreover, in the vast majority training options prepared by FIPI, the tasks actually contain mainly verbs in the indefinite form, participles, gerunds, and adjectives. Are there any questions regarding the spelling of noun suffixes? Yes, because, firstly, this is provided for by the “Generalized Plan exam paper Unified State Examination in the Russian Language" and, secondly, noun suffixes with a diminutive meaning are found in the tasks.
I propose the order of presentation of reference material for preparation not in accordance with tradition (from nouns to other parts of speech), but according to the frequency with which words appear in KIMs. So, the order is: verb forms (including participles and gerunds), adjectives, and then nouns (there seem to be no more than 10% of them). Anyone who claims the highest score must follow us to the very end.
I advise everyone to carefully consider the examples. A consciously learned example will serve as a model for reasoning by analogy.
Verb suffixes
1. Suffixes ova, eva, yva, willow: draw, grieve - be late, evaluate
Test yourself, to do this, determine the shape of the 1st person singular present or future tense.
If in the 1st person singular form of the present or future tense there are combinations
· wow, wow, then write the suffixes ova, eva: advise - advise, command - command
· yay, yay, then write the suffixes yva, willow: to be late - I'm late, to consider - I'm considering
Note:
eva and iva are phonetic variants of the suffixes ova and eva, which occur after soft consonants.
2. Distinguishing suffixes e + va and yva, willow: overcome, fall ill - justify, reassure
Pay attention to the emphasis.
The suffix wa is always stressed: overcoming´
yeah, I'm sick´
t.
Before the suffix wa write the suffix e.
The suffixes yva, iva are unstressed: record, glue, aim.
Don't be confused:
In words like pour, chant letters And And e at the root.
3. Suffixes in the infinitive form of the verb:see, paint
The suffixes of verbs of the 1st conjugation are different. Suffix of the verb stem of the 2nd conjugation and.
Attention:
Exception verbs for this task are not of interest: after all, you need to recognize the letter not in the ending, but in the suffix. Therefore, if you define a letter in the suffix of an indefinite form of a verb, feel free to write e in exception verbs on eat with an unstressed letter in the suffix: offend, see, hate, depend and their derivatives: see, envy, be offended and others like that. In other exception words, the suffix is in stressed position.
4. Suffixes in participles and gerunds.
IN task 10 no one checks whether you know the suffixes of participles and gerunds. In participles and gerunds, vowel stems are missing, from which the data in the form assignments are derived.
Examples from assignments:
gluing, pulling out, aiming, hoping, worming, squealing
You should not be distracted by the form of participles and gerunds, or remember their suffixes. We need to do something else: learn to accurately determine from which verb participles and gerunds are formed.
Gluing- from glue
pulling out...- from pull out
aiming- from aim
hoping- from hope
wormed...- from worm
squealing- from squeal
A typical mistake is a mixture of verbs different types when restoring the original form. For example, it is a mistake to believe that the participle gluing derived from the verb glue, aiming- from take aim etc. In many cases, such an error will lead to an incorrect identification of the vowel letter.
Right: Gluing derived from glue, aiming- from aim.
Adjective suffixes
Here we consider only the suffixes of denominate adjectives, since this is the material that relates to the topic (verbal adjectives are words in the suffixes of which the spelling pattern occurs n-nn). The list of suffixes of adjectives formed from nouns cannot be reduced to the two rules given below, but in the practice of the Unified State Examination, words based on these rules are used.
1. Suffixes iv, ev, liv, chiv: handsome - fighting, happy, trusting
Pay attention to the emphasis.
In adjectives formed from nouns:
- under stress write the suffix ive: Beautiful
- without accent - suffix еv: combat.
Write the suffixes liv, chiv and under stress: happy, and without accent: confiding.
2. Suffixes ov, ovat, ovit - ev, evat, evit: businesslike, grayish, poisonous - speech, bluish, combative
Pay attention to the last consonant of the root.
After hard consonants write the suffixes ov, ovat, ovit: businesslike, grayish, poisonous.
After soft consonants, hissing, h And ts write the suffixes ev, evat, evit: verbal, bluish, combative.
Noun suffixes
E.A. Makovey, Russian language teacher, Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 1, Adygeisk,
A.I. Arkhipova, professor of Kuban State University
§ 2. Spelling of prefixes
Prefix, prefix (from lat. praefixus“attached in front”) is the part of the word before the root. In Russian words, there can be from 1 to 3 prefixes before the root: tremble, join, open. Most Russian prefixes coincide in form and partly in meaning with prepositions (bezdorozhny - without a road, verbal - from the verb, from below, from under the forehead - from under the forehead), particles (not appearing - not to appear). Among the prefixes of the Russian language there are a number of borrowed ones: A in the meaning of “not”, anti - “against”, archi - “very”, counter - “against”, pan - “all”, sub - “under”, trans - “through” etc.
2.1. Spelling of immutable prefixes
Most prefixes in Russian are unchangeable, i.e. Regardless of the sound in one position or another, they are written uniformly. The spelling of such prefixes should be remembered. For a list of unchangeable prefixes, see the table:
|
called out, stop, sediment, go numb |
||
|
get there, get there, guess |
||
|
belief, courtyard, cut, rely |
||
|
boil, gap, trick, grow |
||
|
In a special meaning: (meaning of kinship) great-grandmother, proto-language |
||
|
attack, cover, overtake |
||
|
wonder, prisoner, pick up, hammer |
||
|
OVER- (NADO-) |
bite, crack, inscribe, tear |
|
|
UNDER- (UNDER-) |
melt, sharpen, suggest, wait |
|
|
OT- (OTO-) |
give away, rest, move aside, open |
|
|
OB-(OBO-) |
trim, grind, wipe, go around |
|
|
V- (VO-) |
to your heart's content, to sew in, to cling to, to involve |
|
|
PRE- |
chairman, predecessor, predetermine |
|
|
RE- |
humus, overflow, distortion |
|
|
C- (CO-) |
move
|
There is no prefix in the words: |
2.2. Spelling of prefixes in ...z - ...s
In the Russian language there are prefixes in which letters alternate Z
And WITH
:
WITHOUT- / BES- , RAZ- / RAS-, WHO- / VOS- (VZ- / VS-), IZ- / IS-, NIZ- / NIS-, THROUGH- / THROUGH- (THROUGH- / THRASS-)
In..click; walking along; ..do; burn..burn.
The choice of consonant is carried out according to the following rule:
2.3. Spelling of prefixes PRE- and PRI-
Words starting with pre- And at-, have different origins in the Russian language.
Some came from Latin. In such words the Latin prefix prae- became part of the Russian root (president, presidium, presumption, predicate, bonus, claim, applicant, prefect, precedent, preparation, presentation). The Russian language also borrowed Latin words with a root beginning with pri (priority, privilege, private).
Others are of Old Slavonic origin. They are characterized by the Slavic prefix pre-, which is often included in the modern root (obstacle, repose, advantage, beautiful). In the language, these words retain their bookish character.
Finally, many words with pre- And at- are actually of Russian origin.
It is clear that it is impossible to draw up a clear rule for all cases. Therefore, the spelling rule proposed below is suitable mainly for words in which the meaning of the prefix is clearly guessed.
|
Let's remember some cases: |
|
|
give shape, shine
|
betray a friend, dreams
|
2.4. Spelling of vowels in the prefixes NE- and NI- in
indefinite and negative pronouns,
pronominal negative adverbs.
Note.The rule applies to words of other parts of speech if they are formed from negative pronouns and adverbs: idleness, insignificant, worthless, worthless, draw.
2.5. Spelling of consonants at the junction of prefix and root.
Pere + skaz = retelling (-s-)
ras + skaz = story (-ss-)
race + quarrel = quarrel (-ss-)
Remember:calculation (calc + even), but: calculate (calc + count);
uncountable (bes + s + even).
In words to tear apart, to tear apart, to ruin one 3 is written.
Sections: Primary school
Class: 2
Lesson objectives: learn to distinguish prefixes with letters O And A; spelling training for writing vowels O, A in consoles; enrich vocabulary, develop oral and written speech, and cultivate interest in the Russian language.
Equipment: multimedia equipment, interactive whiteboard, one circle of green, yellow, red colors, bookmarks of the same colors for students.
Small workbook.
Lesson progress
1. Organizational moment.
Guys! Today we have an unusual lesson. Guests, teachers from our school, came to our class to see what we learned in the second grade, how we can behave and work in class. Let's turn to our esteemed guests and give them our smiles. Well done, guys!
Let's smile at each other, I'm glad to see your faces, your smiles again, and I think that today will bring us all the joy of communicating with each other. Good luck to you! What do you want today's lesson to be?
(Fun, interesting, so that they learn something new, so that they show their knowledge.)
2. Report the topic of the lesson. SLIDE 1.
Today in the lesson we will learn to distinguish prefixes with letters O And A; write words with prefixes correctly.
3. Updating of basic knowledge. SLIDE 2.
What is a prefix? (A prefix is a significant part of a word that comes before the root and serves to form new words: move, exit, transition.)
How to find a prefix in a word? (To find a prefix in a word, you need to select a word with the same root without a prefix or with another prefix: proverb - talk, agreement, talk.)
What do you need to know about prefixes in order to write them correctly? (A prefix is part of a word, and in writing it cannot be separated from the root: came, looked. Some prefixes are always written the same way, regardless of how they are pronounced: did, gave, ran.)
4. Calligraphy. SLIDE 3.
Children, open your notebooks and write down number, great job.
During the penmanship minute we will practice writing the height of letters and the slope.
Read the combinations written on the screen.
to to on about for about about over from with under about under from from to
What groups can these letter combinations be divided into?
(With vowels "a" and "o".)
On one line write combinations with the vowel “a”, on the other with the vowel “o”.
The notebook will write: to by about about about from with under about under from from
on for over
Where can you find such combinations of letters? (In consoles.)
5. Systematization of acquired knowledge about the spelling of prefixes.
1) - Guys, who remembers the prefixes in which the vowel o is always written? (The child goes to the board, turns to face the class and names the prefixes.)
Who will remind us of prefixes with the vowel a? (One person answers at the board.)
2) Display the table on the screen. SLIDE 4.
Look at this table. Tell me when the vowel is written A on consoles? And when is the vowel O? What words do you need to remember?
3) Repetition of the algorithm for writing words with an unstressed vowel sound at the beginning of the word (children’s answers).
Guys, how to correctly write a word with an unstressed vowel sound at the beginning of the word? SLIDE 5.
1. Determine in which part of the word the unstressed vowel sound is in the root or prefix. To do this, we select related words, changing, if possible, prefixes.
2. If there is an unstressed vowel in a prefix, remember the rule: in the prefixes for-, on-, over- only the letter a is always written. (Or in the prefixes do-, o-, ob-, from-, po-, under-, the letter o will be written.)
3. If there is an unstressed vowel sound in the root, we select a test word such that the stress falls on the vowel being tested.
4) - How is the spelling “Unstressed vowel in a prefix” graphically indicated? (You need to highlight the prefix and emphasize the vowel in it.) SLIDE 6.
6. Primary consolidation.
According to the textbook p. 138 the algorithm for determining the spelling of the words (for) sad and (pa) lit is analyzed.
Let's write in our notebook: sadden, water(+ highlight the prefix, emphasize the vowel in the prefix.).
7. Working on the algorithm for choosing a letter when writing prefixes. SLIDE 7.
In progress ex. 1 p. 138 frontally, in writing, with students entering the board and providing detailed comments on their actions. In case of an error, the teacher asks you to find the desired console in a particular group using the table presented on the screen. SLIDE 4.
The notebook will write: meet teach
empty inflate
run to stock up
fly around draw
fly up freeze
remind
get knocked up
8. Practicing writing prefixes and control actions. SLIDE 8.
In progress ex. 2 s. 138 in writing, independently. The teacher provides individual assistance to weak students. As a test, the teacher asks one student to read words with prefixes that contain the letter o, and another student to read words with prefixes that contain the letter a.
Test yourself. SLIDE 9.
The notebook will write: Ran in, hike, pass, listen to the end, cook, write, grow, come to life.
9. Physical education session "Pinocchio". SLIDE 10.
10. Game "Catch the console." SLIDE 11.
Words are written on the screen go, late, painting, clearing, water, ride, rug, mail, make peace, towel
Boys must write down words with prefixes, and girls - without prefixes.
1 boy and 1 girl work on the board, the rest do not watch, work independently.
Test yourself. SLIDE 12.
The boys will write in their notebooks go, paint, water, ride, make peace; the girls will write it down late, clearing, rug, mail, towel.
11. Game "Who is bigger?" SLIDE 13.
The game is to write as many words as possible in 1 minute. Option 1 using prefixes from the root move, Option 2 using prefixes from the root running.
Record yourself. Verification orally.
12. Differentiated work. SLIDE 14. Workbook “Write correctly No. 1” lesson 66 (p. 71-72). The task for groups is written on the screen:
Red circle with. 71 exercises 1.
Yellow circle with. 71-72 ex. 2.
Green circle with. 72 exercises 3.
Low level (children have red bookmarks in their notebooks) - highlighting prefixes in words, activation vocabulary, practicing the spelling of the studied prefixes. P. 71 ex. 1 (Hint: the word may not be friendly with some prefix).
Intermediate level (children have yellow bookmarks in their notebooks) - training in spelling prefixes and working with the meaning of phrases. pp. 71-72 ex. 2.
High level (children have green bookmarks in their notebooks) - search for prefixes that match all the words in the group. P. 72 ex. 3. 1) under-, 2) from-, 3) pro-, 4) on-, 5) on-, 6) for-.
The teacher provides individual assistance to weak students.
13. Solving a crossword puzzle. SLIDE 15.
The teacher reads the question. Children name the answers.
1. Changeable part of the word (ending). SLIDE 16.
2. Part of a word without ending (stem). SLIDE 17.
3. The part of the word that is located before the root and serves to form new words (prefix). SLIDE 18.
4. Part of a word that is located after the root and serves to form new words (suffix). SLIDE 19.
5. The main significant part of the word, which contains general meaning all words with the same root (root). SLIDE 20.
14. Consolidation.
Read the poem. SLIDE 21.
P: made me laugh, h: made me laugh,
Z: laughed, p: sad.
I didn’t know what the rule was
The one who missed the letters?
(Children remember the rule for checking an unstressed vowel in a prefix.)
How does checking an unstressed vowel at the root differ from checking an unstressed vowel in a prefix? (If an unstressed vowel is in a prefix, you need to remember how this prefix is written. If the unstressed vowel is in the root and can be checked, then you need to choose a word with the same root with stress on this vowel).
15. Homework. SLIDE 22.
Textbook p. 139 exercise 3.
16. Reflection. SLIDE 23.
What are unchangeable prefixes and how do they differ from changeable ones? You will find the answer to this question in the materials of this article. In addition, we will present to your attention several examples of the use of such morphemes.
General information
Before we talk about what immutable prefixes are, we should define this part of the word.
Prefix or prefix (translated from Latin language praefixus means "attached in front") is the part of the word that comes before the root. It should be especially noted that there may be several (from 1 to 3). For example: to-open, to-join etc.
Features of Russian consoles
Most prefixes in the Russian language coincide in form, and sometimes in meaning, with prepositions or particles. Here are some examples:
- roadless, that is, without a road;
- from under his brows, that is, from under the forehead;
- verbal, that is, from the verb;
- no-show- don't show up.
Types of consoles
In the Russian language there are unchangeable prefixes, changeable and foreign ones. As for the latter, they include borrowed ones, which mean:
Immutable prefixes
When studying prefixes, special attention is paid to unchangeable ones. Let's look at what this is connected with below. Now all such prefixes, as well as words with unchangeable prefixes, will be presented to your attention:
It should be especially noted that most people have great doubts about the spelling of the unchangeable prefixes s- and co-, especially in words such as here, no way, building, local, health.
The initial letter of the listed lexical units is “z”. What is this rule about? The unchangeable prefixes that were presented above are not called such for nothing. After all, they are written uniformly, regardless of their sound in one position or another. And, as you dared to notice, the prefix z- is not among them. And, in general, such a prefix does not exist in the Russian language. This is confirmed by the fact that in the words here, no way, building, local And health the letter “z” is included in the root, and is not a prefix. This is why most teachers recommend memorizing their spelling rather than trying to apply any rules to them.
Let's sum it up
Now you know that a prefix that cannot be changed in writing is a prefix that is written uniformly. In other words, regardless of its position in a particular word, it must be used as described above.
If you remember all the listed immutable prefixes, then it will be quite easy for you to create literate text. After all, to correctly write these morphemes there is no need to look for necessary rules, select words that are as close as possible in meaning, determine a voiced or voiceless vowel, etc.
But it will take you a lot of time to remember all these prefixes. After all, there are not so few of them. To make this task easier, we recommend doing the following: each prefix that cannot be changed in writing is fixed in a separate cell of the table, which must be drawn on a separate sheet of paper. In the second column (opposite each prefix) you need to enter a couple of examples - so that they are much easier to remember. By using this table several times while creating any text, you will be able to use irreplaceable prefixes without making mistakes.
Other types of consoles
As mentioned above, in addition to unchangeable ones, there are also changeable and foreign-language ones. The latter should also be remembered. This is not difficult to do, since there are not very many of them. As for changeable prefixes, in this case great difficulties arise. After all, they are subject to special rules, of which there are quite a few.
So, the variable prefixes include the following: without-/bes-, roz/ros-, vz-/s-, raz-/ras-, voz-/voz-, niz-/nis-, from-/is, through- (through-)/through-(through-). Such prefixes are called alternating “s” and “z”. How to use them while writing a letter can be understood from the following rule:
Variable prefixes also include raz-(ras-)/roz(-ros), pra-/pro-, pre-/pri-. They are subject to the following rules:
- In the prefixes raz-(ras-)/roz(-ros), the letter “o” is written in the stressed syllable, and the letter “a” is written in the unstressed position.
- In the prefixes, the letter “a” is added if there is a meaning of prescription. In other cases the letter “o” is written.
- In prefixes, the letter “e” is added if there is a meaning “through”, “very”, “in a different way”, “very” (that is, close to re-). The letter "and" is used when there is the meaning of joining, proximity, approaching, completing an action, incomplete action or accompanying action.
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