Event about space. Cosmonautics Day: scenario and events. In educational institutions
Marina Tsyplakova
Scenario of an event for Cosmonautics Day for older children preschool age"Journey into Space"
Scenario of the event for Cosmonautics Day.
Subject: « Journey into space» .
Target:
1. Expand your views children about astronautics.
2. Foster a sense of patriotism and pride for the Fatherland.
3. Organize competitive activities between teams.
4. Create active interaction among students in the team.
Equipment: portraits astronauts, image of planets solar system and famous constellations, cut-out pictures of a rocket, two balloons, rackets, demonstration material (slides about space, astronauts, Children's drawings).
Educator: Guys, who can guess what our topic will be dedicated to? event? (Answers children) .
The mysterious world of stars and planets has attracted the attention of people since ancient times. But it became closer and more accessible only with the penetration of man into space.
Let's see how this happened.
Video presentation
Aviation Day and astronautics is special, triumphant holiday! No wonder the whole world celebrates it!
Many centuries passed before humanity found a way to overcome gravity and rise to space. Guys, remember the fairy tales and legends. Whatever they flew on fairy-tale heroes! (Answers children) . (On bats and eagles, on flying carpets and wizards’ beards, on the Little Humpbacked Horse and magic arrows.).
The first who saw in a rocket a projectile capable of carrying earthlings into interplanetary space was the great Russian scientist Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky. The scientist carried out calculations, made drawings and came up with this aircraft, which could fly beyond the Earth. But, unfortunately, he did not have such an opportunity. And only many years later another Russian scientist, S.P. Korolev, was able to design and manufacture the first space satellite.
On April 12, 1961, the world's first space flying with a person on board the ship. We had been preparing for this day for a very long time.
Scientists, test designers and people of many other professions were involved in preparing the great flight. Everything had to be taken into account, everything had to be foreseen in order for the flight to be successful. It took a long time to choose and astronaut.
And after much testing and discussion, a decision was made: first in the world astronaut will become Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin.
Finally the decisive day arrived. April 12, 1961 Yuri Gagarin on spaceship"East" committed space flight. In 108 minutes, the satellite ship with the world's first astronaut circled the globe and returned safely to Earth. This was a powerful breakthrough in the development space!
And then there was a solemn meeting on Red Square. In a few hours, Yuri Gagarin became the most famous person in the world. When the government announcement about the great flight came over the radio, crowds of people filled the streets throughout the country. Everyone wanted to greet the world's first astronaut, Son of the Earth, Citizen of the Universe.
Valentina Tereshkova - the first in the world female astronaut. To this day she remains the only woman to have committed solo space flight. She spent in almost three days in space.
It was originally planned to send to space two female crews at once, but later it was decided to abandon this idea.
Mine space flight B. Tereshkova committed on June 16, 1963. on the ship "Vostok-6". This was the sixth and last spaceship from the series"East". Start of ship B. Tereshkova did not happen at Baikonur "Gagarin site", but with a duplicate one.
45 years ago from launch vehicle launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome"Soyuz", on board which was spaceship"Voskhod-2". Its crew consisted of two people: ship commander Pavel Belyaev and co-pilot Alexey Leonov. The entire flight lasted a little more than a day, but it was a historic flight. During it - March 18, 1965, when cosmonaut Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov was the first of the earthlings to go beyond space ship and made the first man in history to go out into the open space.
Educator: Word " astronaut"appeared quite recently. On October 4, 1957, our rocket was launched into low-Earth orbit for the first time spacecraft made by human hands. And he began to revolve around the Earth, just as the Moon does. This is how the first artificial satellite appeared. (Points to the satellite on the central wall.) Road to space was discovered.
Educator: Imagine being the future astronauts, and we're off to cosmodrome.
Charger:
We're going to cosmodrome,
We walk in step together.
We walk on our toes
We're walking on our heels.
They checked my posture.
And they pulled their shoulder blades together (walking on toes, on heels).
Let's run guys together -
We all need to warm up.
Educator: People have always wanted to know, is there life on other planets? And if there is, who lives there? But to find out, you need to fly to the planets. And now we can fly to the plague space?
(Answers children) .
Educator: Let's build a rocket
Contest "Build a Rocket"
Educator: We have assembled the rocket. And now we need to fly to space. But before we take off, let's stretch our fingers.
Finger gymnastics "House".
I want to build a house
(Fold your hands like a house and raise them above your head)
So that there is a window in it,
(Join the fingers of both hands into a circle)
So that the house has a door,
(Palms we connect our hands together vertically)
Nearby for a pine tree to grow.
(We raise one hand up and “spread” our fingers)
So that there is a fence around
The dog guarded the gate,
(We join our hands in a lock and make a circle in front of us)
It was sunny, it was raining,
(First, we raise our hands up, fingers “spread”. Then we lower our fingers down, making “shaking” movements)
And the tulip bloomed in the garden!
(Let's put it together palms and slowly open our fingers - “tulip bud”)
Educator: Well, let's go to journey? Crew take your seats, fasten your seat belts! Let's start counting the seconds until start.
Teacher and children together: Five! Four! Three! Two! One! Start!
Educator: Guys, we arrived on "Planet of Smarties".
1. Guys, what planet do we live on? (Earth).
2. First name astronaut flying into space? (Gagarin)
3. What were the names of the dogs that were the first to return from space? (Belka and Strelka).
4. What Yuri Gagarin said at the moment start? (Go)
5. Name spaceship, on which Gagarin went to space? ("East")
6. What is the protective suit called? astronaut? (spacesuit)
8. What is the name of the aircraft in which they fly space? (Spaceship) .
9. The fastest form of transport created on Earth? (Rocket).
10. How many minutes was Yuri Gagarin in space? (108 minutes)
11. What is the name of both the animal and the constellation? (Bear).
12. Give the first name astronaut who went into space. (A. Leonov).
Educator: Well done boys! All questions answered. And we leave this planet and go to another. And it's called "Sports". The inhabitants of this planet have prepared a relay race for us.
IN space any object weighs nothing. This state is called weightlessness. All items in space the ship is attached to its place. If this is not done, they will float freely. In such conditions, any person becomes a strongman. In zero gravity, not only a person, but also an object loses its weight. Now we will try to carry a balloon at arm's length on a racket.
Contest "Weightlessness".
Educator: And now we will do a short journey on all planets of the solar system. Let's name all the planets one by one. (Earth, Uranus, Neptune, Saturn, Venus, Mercury, Mars, Pluto, Jupiter). (Children name planets)
Physical exercise.
There lived an astrologer on the moon - ( "They're watching" into a telescope)
He kept track of the planets: (Point to the sky with your hand)
Mercury - once, (Describe a circle with your hands)
Venus two, (Cotton)
Three is earth, four is Mars, (Sit down)
Five - Jupiter, six - Saturn, (Tilt right-left)
Seven is Uranus, eight is Neptune, (Lean forward, bend back)
If you don't see it, get out! (Spread your arms to the sides)
Educator: Guys, while you and I were doing warm-ups, our ship landed on the planet "Riddles".
1. Among the blue field -
The bright shine of a large fire.
The fire moves slowly here,
It goes around Mother Earth,
There is a cheerful light shining in the window.
Well of course it is. (Sun).
2. On clear nights
A mother and her daughters are walking.
She doesn't tell her daughters:
Go to bed, it's late! -
Because mother is the moon,
And the daughters. (stars).
3. She spread her scarlet tail,
Flew off into a flock of stars.
Our people built this
Interplanetary... (rocket).
4. He is not a pilot, not a pilot,
He's not flying a plane,
And a huge rocket.
Children, who, tell me, is this? (astronaut)
5.Look out the window in the evening:
It's already dark outside,
A light bulb is visible in the sky,
It's called. (moon).
E. Uspensky
6.Everyone has their own home:
Stories have volumes
There are clothing stores,
Cabbage and pears have baskets,
Animals have a zoo,
The cars have their own fleet.
Everything that is in this world,
Has a home on the planet.
And the planet, I know,
It's called. (Earth).
7. What kind of ceiling is this?
Sometimes he is low, sometimes he is high,
Sometimes he is gray, sometimes he is whitish.
It's a little bit bluish.
And sometimes so beautiful -
Lace and blue - blue! (Sky)
8. From which ladle?
They don't drink, they don't eat
Do they only look at him? (Big Dipper)
Educator: Astronauts must be very careful. Let's check your gaming-jumping-leap energy and cosmic mindfulness!If I shout: "Jump", - then you, jumping, respond loudly and unanimously: "Jump!".What if I shout: "Jump!", -then you all jump up and answer: "Jump". Do you remember? Begin!
A game "Confusion : jump and gallop"
Educator: Well, guys, it’s time to return to our planet Earth. We're flying back. We fly with you past the constellations. What constellations do you know? (Answers children) . Now let's connect each star with a line and see what the drawing looks like.
Contest "Guess the constellation".
Educator: Our flight is over! Thanks to all! Open the hatch! Get out of the rocket! Congratulations on your successful return to Earth. At the end of the flight each the astronaut needs to eat. To remember the flight, I present you with sweet prizes.
Scenario for Aviation and Cosmonautics Day
"Road to Space"
Goals: to form in students knowledge about the formation of astronautics, about the first flights into space; contribute to the moral and patriotic education of students; instilling feelings of pride and respect for Russian cosmonautics; broadening one's horizons; development of cognitive activity and communication abilities.
Reader.
I would like to fly to the moon
Plunge into an unsolved world.
And like a beautiful dream
Touch the brightest star.
Fly to distant orbits,
Dimensions unknown to all of us,
Where the mysterious cosmos keeps
There are many secrets of the vast universe.
To visit other planets,
Which science doesn't know about.
And to see unearthly creatures, -
That they fly on strange saucers.
Ask them how they live there,
Is there autumn, winter or summer,
For what purpose do they always fly to us?
To a planet forgotten by God...
Everyone always dreams of something,
And they strive to achieve something.
Only space, alas, never
He probably won’t want to open up...
Leading.
The mysterious world of stars and planets has attracted the attention of people since ancient times. But it became closer and more accessible only with the penetration of man into outer space.
Leading.
On April 12, our country celebrates Cosmonautics Day. This is a national holiday. It seems familiar to us that spaceships launch from Earth. In the high celestial distances, spacecraft dockings take place. Cosmonauts live and work in space stations for months, and automatic stations go to other planets. Can you say "what's special here"?
Leading.
But just recently they talked about space flights as science fiction. And on October 4, 1957, a new era began - the era of space exploration.
Leading.
This day is rightfully considered a day of glory for all those who work in the space sector, as well as a day of celebration of scientific and technological progress.
Leading.
The term “cosmonautics”, translated from Greek, is derived from two words – “universe” and “the art of navigation.” And an astronaut - a derivative of this already Russian-language term - is a person who controls a spaceship and masters the art of space navigation.
Leading.
Cosmonauts are people who test and operate space technology in space flight. The word “cosmonaut” became widespread on April 12, 1961, after Yuri Gagarin’s flight as a pilot of the Vostok spacecraft. Call sign: "Cedar".
VIDEO 1. TASS message.
Reader.
Discordant, noisy, vast,
The ether lived with its own worries.
And the thunder of the jet -
GAGARIN! – did not thunder throughout the world.
And he was walking towards the rocket. Suddenly I looked back,
To smile at everyone who saw you off.
Luckily, someone touched my shoulder,
And someone shook hands heartily.
Everything went as usual, as in training,
And everything will become unusual later,
When the rocket is torn off the edge
Dagger fire, jet thunder!
He looked at Herman as if he were a brother,
To his faithful understudy.
And he shouted to those seeing him off: “Guys!”
One for all and all for one…
Leading.
The flight duration was 1 hour 48 minutes. During this time, Yuri Gagarin circled the globe and landed safely in the vicinity of the village of Smelovka, Ternovsky district, Saratov region.
VIDEO 2. Chronicles of the first flight.
Reader 1.
When he returned to earth,
Having finished the stellar affairs,
He smiled so white-toothed,
The smile was so warm!
Reader 2.
There is only kindness and strength in her,
There is no superiority whatsoever.
As if the grove had radiated
Birch lake light.
Reader 3.
She united wisely
Movement of will and mind.
So sunny frosty morning
Russian winter laughs.
Reader 4.
She opened up to us like a miracle,
And such was its scope,
Such sincerity sparkled
In slightly squinted eyes!
Reader
It’s easy for us on the great journey,
The soul is warmer in its warmth.
Yes, without Gagarin's smile
It would be darker on earth!
Leading.
And his smile is immortal. And it became a symbol. He smiled at the world. He smiled at the people. He smiled here on Earth when he returned home. He smiled at our planet, rejoiced at the sun, forests, fields. And he told the earthlings: “Take care of the Earth, it is beautiful and small!” yes, small. Yes, beautiful. And the small and beautiful planet, the only one where there are flowers, streams, birches, where there is laughter, smiles, love - must be protected, protected, protected!
Video. Gagarin about his flight.
Reader.
Heroes will rush to the stars again.
And they will live from century to century.
He is the First, Like the first love,
Both in memory and in the heart of a person.
Reader.
He was the first one to return!
The world shuddered and choked,
In the wild roar of applause,
Slogans and demonstrations.
The world was, of course, in shock!
It's him, the Soviet guy,
With a white-toothed smile.
Wave of the hand. And the violins fell silent
Leading.
Gagarin was the first earthling to fly into space on the Vostok spacecraft. For this feat he was awarded the title of Hero Soviet Union, and the day of Gagarin’s flight into space was declared a holiday - Cosmonautics Day.
Leading.
However, Gagarin did not want to stop there and was preparing for new flights. A tragic accident during one of the training flights on a jet plane ended the life of the planet's first cosmonaut. But the people of the earth will always remember Yuri Gagarin.
Leading.
National mourning was declared in the USSR. This was the first time in the history of the USSR when a day of mourning was declared in the event of the death of a person who was not the current head of state at the time of death.
Reader.
March mourned and the snowflakes melted
From the sadness of the Dnieper vines,
And burning tears flowed
On the cheeks of tear-stained birches.
The sky was pinkish blue
The groves and fields fell silent -
Grieved for her lost son
Smolensk land is the largest.
Kremlin gloomy ate
The latter are on guard...
How long have you met Yuri?
In the April victorious roar?
Then he entered immortality
Earthly and heavenly at once...
Swallowing wormwood, don’t believe it,
That the gray-eyed hero died.
The song “Tenderness” plays on the screen and shows a slide show about Gagarin.
Leading.
Many years have passed since Yuri Gagarin's launch. During this time, a lot has changed in astronautics: technology, crew training, and work in orbit. They work in space for a long time now. The ships go into the sky one after another. Satellites and spaceships circle the planet.
Leading.
The first cosmonauts were pilots. Then designers and doctors continued working in space. Now space is calling for those who know how to operate electronic computers, melt metal, and carry out installation and unloading work.
Leading.
Today, working in space is Scientific research and daily work for the development of the whole world. That's why international crews fly into space. For example, cosmonauts from Cuba, Hungary, France, India and other countries visited space together with our crews.
Presenter 1.
For modern Russia, as for other world powers, astronautics is no longer just a matter of national pride. The development and use of near-Earth space has become a serious resource for national development, a real improvement in the quality of life of people,” this is how Russian President Vladimir Putin defined the role of space. Thus, space activities become an integral part of the economic and military-political development of the state.
Presenter 1.
People who have chosen space flight as their profession are today called “professional cosmonauts.” Until now, only governments prepared flights for professional astronauts, but with the flight of the private SpaceShipOne spacecraft in 2004, the situation changed. A new breed of professional has emerged, trained and flown by commercial companies. In addition, the development of space science forced NASA and the Russian Federal Space Agency to adopt another term: “space flight participant.”
Presenter 2.
The first cosmonauts in the USSR and the USA were recruited from among military pilots and test pilots, but the needs of astronautics for various specialists grew, and soon doctors, engineers, scientists and representatives of other professions flew into space.
Leading.
In addition to Russia and the United States, other countries of the world have formed their own teams and groups of astronauts.
Reader.
When an astronaut flies over the Earth,
Millions of children are looking after him.
In the evening they look to the heavens,
Children's eyes shine, shine.
And they are reflected in them, they burn brightly
Those stars to which they will fly!
Rockets are rushing towards distant worlds.
The heart yearns for exploits.
Who believes dreams that fly like a song,
He will achieve his goal!
Leading.
Pilot-cosmonaut Russian Federation - . Installed from No. 2555-1. According to the Regulations on the honorary title, it is awarded to those who have performed outstanding flights in space. Persons awarded this title are awarded a certificate of conferment of the honorary title and a badge worn on the right side of the chest.
Leading.
The badge “Pilot-Cosmonaut of the Russian Federation” is a silver pentagon with a convex gilded rim. Sign width 25 mm, height 23.8 mm. There is an image in the center of the sign globe with the territory of the Russian Federation indicated in blue, made of enamel. The globe is surrounded by a golden orbit of a satellite with a satellite in orbit. From the star denoting the city of Moscow, a second golden orbit emerges, turning into the enamel trail of a golden spaceship rushing into interplanetary space.
In the upper part above the globe there is a raised gold inscription “Pilot-Cosmonaut”, and under the globe there are raised gold letters “Russia”. At the bottom of the sign are two raised golden laurel branches.
On the reverse side of the badge there is the badge number.
The badge is attached with an eyelet and a bow to a gilded bar covered with a moiré tricolor ribbon in accordance with the colors of the State Flag of the Russian Federation. On the back side of the bar there is a threaded pin with a nut for attaching the sign to clothing.
Reader.
R. Rozhdestvensky.
Nerves hum like strings
There is pain in my heart...
Incredibly difficult
Future
It's enough!
But still,
Blossom, cherry blossoms!
Sound off, rocket roars!
The closer we are to the stars,
The higher
Monument to Gagarin and Korolev!
Quiz.
1. Name the Russian scientist, the founder of astronautics. (K.E. Tsiolkovsky)
Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky(1857 - 1935) - a teacher from Kaluga who knew physics, mathematics, chemistry, astronomy, and mechanics well. He is the author of airship projects, works in the field of aerodynamics and rocketry, one of the founders of the theory of interplanetary communications using rockets, and the developer of the principle of rocket propulsion. Many of his contemporaries considered him crazy. The scientist was able to outline the path along which humanity went into space.
2. Inventor of the first Soviet spacecraft. (Sergei Pavlovich Korolev)
Sergei Pavlovich Korolev(1906 -1966) - Russian scientist and designer. Under his leadership, ballistic and geophysical rockets, the first artificial Earth satellites, and the first spaceships were created, which were the first in history to carry out human space flight and manned spacewalks.
3. In what year did the first human flight into space take place? (April 12, 1961)
4. The first person to conquer the starry sky. (Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin)
5. How long did Yu.A.’s space flight last? Gagarin? (108 min = 1 hour 48 min)
6. What was the name of the spaceship Yu.A. Gagarin? ("East")
7. The world's first female astronaut. (Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova)
8. Who was the first to go into outer space? (Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov)
9. Who was the first person to set foot on the surface of the Moon? (Neil Armstrong)
On July 20, 1969, American astronauts Neil Armstrong, Edwin Aldrin and Michael Collins landed on the Moon in the three-seat Apollo 11 spacecraft. And the next day, Armstrong and Aldrin left the ship on the surface of the Moon, the first of them was Armstrong. In total, 12 astronauts landed on the Moon.
10. What are the names of Russian and American reusable spacecraft? ("Buran", "Shuttle")
"SPACE SHUTTLE"(English: Space Shuttle - space shuttle) - reusable manned transport spacecraft of the United States. First flight with astronauts - April 1981. By 1992, 5 orbital stages had been built - Columbia, Challenger, Discovery, Atlantis, and Endever.
"BURAN"- reusable aerospace ship. Made according to the aircraft design of the "tailless" type with a low-mounted, double-swept wing. Launch of the ship using the Energia launch vehicle, descent and landing in "airplane" mode. The first unmanned flight with automatic landing on November 15, 1988.
11. What is the name of the American launch vehicle that suffered a disaster on January 28, 1986 - it exploded 74 seconds after launch? ("Challenger")
12. In what year was the first artificial Earth satellite launched? (October 4, 1957)
13. What was the name of the self-propelled vehicle that traveled on the surface of the Moon? ("Lunokhod")
"Lunokhod"- an automatic or controlled device for working and moving on the surface of the Moon. The first automatic lunar self-propelled vehicle controlled from the Earth was the Soviet Lunokhod-1 (1970), and the first controlled lunar self-propelled vehicle was the American lunar rover Rover (1971).
14. What were the names of the automatic interplanetary stations that explored Venus and Halley’s comet in 1984-85? ("Vega")
15. The largest planet in the solar system. (Jupiter.)
16. The first spacecraft launched into Earth orbit in 1957. (Satellite.)
17.Which planet has rings? (Saturn.)
18. Astronaut clothes. (Space suit.)
19. The source of life on Earth. (Sun.)
20. What military rank received by Yuri Gagarin while in space? (Aviation Major.)
Questions about space.
1.What are the names of the giant flaming balls? (Stars.)
2.What is the name of a stone that fell to Earth from space? (Meteorite.)
3.The closest star to us. (Sun.)
4. Earth satellite. (Moon.)
5.Giant planet. (Jupiter.)
6.What was the name of the largest Asteroid? (Ceres.)
7. The most important part of the comet. (Core.)
8. Place the planets in the solar system. (The planet closest to the Sun is Mercury, then Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto)
Scenario of the competition program for Cosmonautics Day in grades 5-6-7
Goals: develop students’ erudition, learn new material, consolidate what they have learned; develop dexterity and ingenuity.
Preliminary preparation. For this event, the teacher can offer students the following poems to memorize.
Stars
The stars are clear, the stars are high!
What do you keep inside yourself, what do you hide?
Stars that conceal deep thoughts,
By what power do you captivate the soul?
Frequent asterisks, tight asterisks!
What is beautiful about you, what is powerful about you?
What are you captivating, heavenly stars,
The power of great burning knowledge?
And why is it so when you shine
Beckon to the sky, into wide arms?
Look tenderly, you caress your heart,
Heavenly stars, distant stars!
Listen!
Listen!
After all, if the stars light up -
So, does anyone want them to exist?
So, someone calls these spittoons
a pearl?
And, straining
in blizzards of midday dust,
rushes to God
I'm afraid I'm late
kisses his sinewy hand,
there must be a star!
Swears -
will not endure this starless torment!
walks around anxiously
but calm on the outside.
Says to someone:
“Isn’t it okay for you now?
Not scary?
Listen!
After all, if the stars
light up -
Does that mean anyone needs this?
This means it is necessary
so that every evening
over the roofs
Did at least one star light up?!
Progress of the event
Leading.
Sons and daughters of planet blue
They soar up, disturbing the peace of the stars.
The path to interstellar space has been established
For satellites, rockets, scientific stations.
The era of space is moving forward!
The rockets continue their flight
Starting from Baikonur every year.
People are accustomed to such phenomena.
He keeps his first love in his soul,
Let thousands fly to the stars again,
But the first was Gagarin, he was his own,
Dear, with a childish, mischievous smile.
When Cosmonautics Day is celebrated,
Everyone remembers their favorite.
But on this day we will congratulate those
Who creates glory for the country, success:
Everyone who is watching the remote control from Earth,
How cosmonauts accomplish feats
And those who send ships,
Starting from Mother Earth, -
Everyone who is connected with space science in life.
The people owe them their love.
The country is proud of its astronautics:
We needed it and will continue to need it!
Hello, dear students! Today our quiz is dedicated to Cosmonautics Day. This day will forever remain in history and the hearts of millions of people. Thanks to the diligent efforts of our famous scientists, today we have access to a seemingly inaccessible and vast space!
And now we invite you, dear participants, to an improvised airfield.
To start the quiz, you need to split into two teams.
On the teacher's table there are cards, the number of which corresponds to the number of children. The numbers 1 and 2 are marked on the back of the cards. Each participant comes up and pulls out a card and looks at his team number.
Each team is given a specific task. The team that gives the correct answer first earns one point. The winner of the event is the team with the most points. The resourcefulness, quick wits and dexterity of the teams are also taken into account.
Quiz questions:
1. What does our solar system consist of? (From the Sun and all the bodies that revolve around it under the influence of gravity.)
2. What is the universe? (Space and all the bodies that fill it.)
3. What is a galaxy? (Giant clusters of stars scattered throughout the Universe.)
4. What galaxy do we live in? (Milky Way Galaxy.)
5. What planets of the solar system do you know? (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto.)
6. Which planet is called the Morning Star? (Venus.)
7. Which planet is the largest in the solar system? (Jupiter.)
8. Which planet is the smallest? (Pluto.)
9. At what time of year is the Earth closer to the Sun? (In winter.)
10. Which planet is the brightest visible from Earth? (Venus).
11. Which planet has the most high mountains? (On Mars.)
12. Why is the planet Mars called the “red” planet? (Because of the color of its deserts.)
13. Name the place in the solar system where man has set foot? (Moon.)
14. What is astronomy? (The science of celestial bodies.)
15. What are meteorites? (Fragments of comets that fell to Earth.)
16. What is an observatory? (A building equipped for astronomical observations.)
17. What is a telescope? (An astronomical instrument for observing celestial bodies.)
18. Who invented the first telescope? (Italian scientist Galileo Galilei.)
19. What is a comet? (A celestial body that looks like a foggy luminous spot and a tail-shaped strip of light.)
20. Which scientist proved that the Earth revolves around the Sun? (Polish scientist Nicolaus Copernicus.)
21. Which of the scientists in our country is the founder of astronautics? (K.E. Tsiolkovsky.)
22. Name an outstanding designer of rocket and space systems, whose name is associated with the first victories of our country in space exploration. (Academician S.P. Korolev.)
23. Name the astronaut who made the first space flight. (K).A. Gagarin.)
24. What event is the celebration of Cosmonautics Day dedicated to? (On April 12, 1961, Yu. A. Gagarin made the first space flight.)
25. Name the first female astronaut of our country. (Valentina Nikolaevna Tereshkova.)
26. What is the name of the aircraft? (Rocket.)
Additional information:
Mercury- the closest planet to the Sun, located at a distance of 58 million km from the Sun. It takes 88 days to complete a full revolution around it.
Venus- the second largest planet from the Sun and the closest to Earth. Venus is the hottest planet. The period of rotation around the Sun is 225 days. Moving in orbit, it comes closest to Earth.
Earth. Most of the Earth's surface is made up of the oceans (71%), land - 29%. The daily rotation of the globe occurs in 23 hours 56 minutes 41 seconds. Light from the Sun reaches us in 8 minutes.
Mars- the fourth planet at the distance from the Sun, cold and waterless. The highest mountains are located on Mars - about 27 km high. A day on Mars lasts 24 hours and 39 minutes. A year on Mars lasts 689 days. During the day the temperature reaches 0 degrees and at night drops to 100 degrees Celsius.
Jupiter- fifth in distance from the Sun. The largest planet spends almost 12 years on one revolution around the Sun. The rotation period of Jupiter around its axis is 9 hours 50 minutes; the temperature reaches 140 degrees.
Saturn- sixth planet. It differs from all the others in that it has about 7 rings. They all revolve around the planet. The rings consist of many individual particles that have the structure of meteorites and dust. Saturn rotates every 10 hours and 15 minutes. The temperature of this planet is 170 degrees.
Uranus- This is the first planet to be discovered using a telescope. It is the seventh planet from the Sun. It's almost a quarter in diameter more than Earth. It revolves around the Sun every 84 years, the temperature is 215 degrees.
Neptune- makes a full revolution in 164 years.
Pluto- the last planet. It is 40 times farther from the Sun than the Earth. This is the smallest and coldest planet.
Clever girls! It turns out that you know so much about space, planets and stars that I have no doubt about your knowledge about the origin of life on our planet.
Did you know that our old Earth, which is the home of all humanity, is very old? It’s even hard to imagine: the Earth arose in stellar space about five billion years ago! Try to imagine, feel this time. Five billion means five times a billion years! That's how far her birthday is from our time!
For the convenience of studying the stages of the formation of our planet, scientists have divided the history of its development and the evolution of life into separate eras, using for this some natural, characteristics. In turn, eras are divided into periods. The duration of an era and each period - their age - is determined in millions of years.
The era of the stellar existence of the Earth - then hot and lifeless - is billions of years removed from our time. The atmosphere was saturated with hot gases and water vapor. Clouds of volcanic ash shrouded the planet in a continuous shroud and did not allow the sun's rays to pass through. As the Earth cooled, water vapor gradually thickened, and finally hot, torrential rains poured in, which continued to fall for millennia... Water, the basis for the emergence and existence of living matter, appeared on the planet in the first half of the Archean era. This was the time of the formation of the first ancient seas and oceans. And as you know, the ocean is the cradle of life. After all, the first living cells arose in the ocean. This is how life appeared on Earth. This event occurred about two billion seven hundred million years ago. Moreover, this figure is scientifically substantiated. It is determined by scientists based on the age of the fossilized remains of the first invertebrate animals, the first algae and the first bacteria that appeared on Earth.
Over the next four eras: Proterozoic, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic - our planet acquired its modern shape. And today, in the age of technological progress, we have the opportunity to explore space, stellar bodies and other planets.
So, you and I are at the cosmodrome, where teams of astronauts are waiting for us, dreaming of going to space, but only the one that becomes the strongest will be able to fly. Therefore, to become an excellent astronaut, it is not enough to be healthy and have special knowledge. You also need to be resilient, dexterous, resourceful, and easily cope with the problems that arise during space flight.
Task 1. “Ring”
Two teams stand parallel to each other. Opposite each team is a hoop. Members of each team must take turns climbing through the hoop and take their previous place. The team that completes the task first wins.
Task 2. “Staggering Boom”
A boom (or low long bench) several meters long is installed at a height of 30-40 cm from the floor or ground. Two teams line up at the ends of the boom. At the signal, the first participants begin to move towards each other, pushing the opponent. The one who falls is out of the game. And the next pair comes into play. The team that manages to get to the opposite end wins.
Tired? Let's take a little rest. In front of you - crossword, which we will now solve together.
1. This planet has seven rings. (Saturn.)
2. The planet is red. (Mars.)
6. Name the planet, most of which is occupied by the oceans. (Earth.)
8. Planet discovered using a telescope. (Uranus.)
Task 3. “Cosmonaut’s chair”
One representative per team is selected. The participant sits in a chair and, without leaving it, tries to collect ten objects located around him (the distance to them should be at least half a meter).
Task 4. “Arrows of the Universe”
In front of each team, a plywood board with an image of the starry sky is displayed. Next to each star is a number. The smaller the star, the higher its number. From a distance of 4-5 m, a team member must hit one of the stars with darts. Whoever scores the most points is the winner.
All the most difficult tasks are behind us, one thing remains, but no less important. You have a lot of dexterity and dexterity, so you need to take care of what to take with you into space.
Two sets of drawings depicting the following items are laid out on the table: a book, a notepad, a fountain pen, an apple, a cat, a spacesuit, an alarm clock, a slipper, a camera, a tube of semolina porridge, a spoon, a tube of cake, etc. Each participant must choose one of the items he liked most and explain why.
Our competition is over. The floor is given to our esteemed jury, which will determine the winner today. You showed today deep knowledge in astronomy, have proven that you can cope with any problem.
The guys have also prepared poems for you, which they will now read.
Pupils read poetry. Summing up the quiz.
And all we have to do is say goodbye and wish each other good luck, happiness, success and see you in intergalactic space.
Cosmonautics Day
(Scenario of an event for children in the preparatory group for school)
Prepared and conducted by a physical instructor
(based on materials from the Internet)
Goal: To introduce children to the Russian holiday - Cosmonautics Day, and space heroes. Involve parents in joint activities to celebrate Cosmonautics Day.
Expand and deepen children’s knowledge about space, the date of Yuri Gagarin’s first flight into space, and the holiday.
Progress (scenario):
Children enter the column one at a time, walk through the hall, diverge and merge through the center into a column one at a time, two at a time, four at a time. Divide into two teams and sit on chairs.
Host: Hello, guys! You probably already know what day it is?
Children's answers: Cosmonautics Day!
On a wooden spoon, without the help of the other hand, you need to carry the balloon, go around the landmark and return back to your team, passing the object to the next participant in the game. The team that follows all the rules without errors wins.
6. Relay race: ship flight.
All the guys stand on their chairs; you need to use the chairs to move to the other side (towards the landmark) without stepping on the floor. The team that completes the task correctly and quickly wins.
7. Make a rocket.
Answer difficult questions.
2 The man who flies into space. (Astronaut)
1 What is the name of the aircraft in which they fly into space? (spaceship)
2 What is the name of both the animal and the constellation? (mother bear)
1 Why is there day and night on earth? (the planet revolves around itself)
2 Who was the first astronaut to fly into space? (Yuri Gagarin)
1 What was the name of the spaceship on which Gagarin made his first flight? ("East")
We sum up the results of the competition and it turns out that friendship wins! All children perform a round dance.
Goals: to familiarize students with the science of astronautics; broaden the horizons of students; develop them Creative skills, ingenuity, dexterity.
Characters
Progress of the event
Leading. Yuri Gagarin is the first person to go into space. “Gagarin’s face was the smile of the Earth sent into space,” said the poet E. Yevtushenko.
April 12, 1961 On this day, the whole world applauded a man who, in less than 2 hours, became known even in the most remote corners of the Earth - wherever there were newspapers, radio, television.
Reader 1.
This world was created for you and me,
How can we remain out of work:
Distant stars wink,
Distance is not the limit at all.
Youth is a fast-paced time
Let us always strive above it,
And be ready to fly all the time,
Even if you wait for it all your life.
The song “You know what kind of guy he was...” plays.
Do you know what kind of guy he was?
The one who discovered the star trail?!
There was fire and thunder
Freezing cosmodrome,
And he said quietly...
He said: “Let's go!”
He waved his hand...
As if along Piterskaya,
He flew over the Earth.
Leading. Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin was born in the village of Klushino, Smolensk region, on March 9, 1934. In 1941, he entered the high school regional center Gzhatsk (now Gagarin). During the war, Yura and his family were behind enemy lines and experienced all the hardships of wartime. One day above their village Soviet pilot Gastello repeated the feat. Probably, then the teenager felt a sense of pride in the hero and decided that this was how he should love and defend his homeland and that he would definitely become a pilot. Later, he graduated from a vocational school in Lyubertsy in the Moscow region, then studied at the Saratov Industrial Pedagogical College and in his 4th year entered the Saratov Aero Club, where he made his first independent flight on a simple Yak-18.
There were other schools and courses, but this was the first step into the sky.
Reader 2.
The twelfth day of April was born,
In the calm, pre-dawn silence
Baikonur was waiting, aiming the rocket skyward,
Frozen, we waited for the stars above...
The smoke smoked ghostly and unsteadily,
A dawn shawl spread in the sky.
And he said: “Let's go!” - with a smile,
He rushed off into the distance like a luminous arrow.
The mother's gaze is directed towards the blue,
Without doubting his steadfastness,
Grateful Russia watched
Behind the bright path of his son.
The world froze in admiration and alarm,
The 20th century did not know such miracles...
Leading. Yuri Gagarin's feat is the world's first orbital space flight. Memoirs of V. Shatalov, pilot-cosmonaut: “Before Gagarin, 5 test launches were carried out. They showed that space does not forgive the slightest inaccuracy: the first ship did not enter the program, did not obey the command to descend, moved to a new orbit and subsequently ceased to exist. The second launch was successful. But at the end of 1960, on the third launch of the Vostok-class spacecraft, there was another failure: the device burned down during its return... Yuri took a risk, the cost of which could have been his life...” A few months after Gagarin’s flight, he flew into space - after spending in orbit all day long! - his understudy German Titov. Soviet scientists did not stop there, and in the same year they launched the first space station towards Venus.
Let's hold a small competition.
3. Who and when was the first astronaut to go into outer space? (Alexey Leonov, March 18, 1965)
5. Who was the first on the moon? How long was he there? (Neil Armstrong, 62 min 17 sec)
6. Call signs of Yuri Gagarin. (Cedar.)
8. The first artificial satellite of the Sun. (USA.)
9. The first artificial satellite of Mars. (USA.)
10. What is the largest planet in the solar system? (Jupiter.)
11. On which planet are there dry river beds? (On Mars.)
12. Science studying celestial bodies, stars and planets? (Astronomy.)
13. Who discovered the law of universal gravitation? (Newton.)
Leading. Since April 9, 1962, in commemoration of the world's first human flight into space, our country has celebrated Cosmonautics Day every year on April 12. By decision of the International Aeronautical Federation, this day became World Aviation and Space Day.
Yuri Gagarin's flight lasted 108 minutes, during which time the Vostok spacecraft, flying around the globe, set three absolute world space records: flight duration - 108 minutes; flight altitude - 327.7 km; lifting the load to this height is 4 thousand 725 kg.
This flight is unique; a person can live and work in space.
Appeared on Earth new profession- astronaut.
The song “Grass near the house” is played.
Earth in the porthole, Earth in the porthole,
The ground is visible through the porthole.
How a son is sad about his mother, how a son is sad about his mother,
We are sad about the Earth - it is alone.
And the stars, nevertheless, and the stars, nevertheless,
A little closer, but still just as cold.
And as in the hours of eclipse, and as in the hours of eclipse,
We are waiting for the light and seeing earthly dreams.
Chorus:
And we don’t dream about the roar of the cosmodrome,
Not this icy blue, -
And we dream of grass, grass near the house,
Green, green grass.
And we fly in orbits, untrodden paths,
The space is stitched with meteorites.
Risk and courage are justified, space music
Floats into our business conversation.
In some kind of matte haze the earth in the porthole,
Evening and early dawn...
And the son is sad about his mother, and the son is sad about his mother, -
The mother is waiting for her son, and the Earth is waiting for her sons.
Leading. During this time, astronautics has evolved from simple artificial Earth satellites to complex lunar and interplanetary automatic satellites, from single-seat spacecraft to orbital stations with interchangeable crews, from simple experiments in space to fundamental research.
Reader 1.
A man ascended into space,
But this is not an escape at all
From everyday life on earth.
A man ascended into space,
I have mastered the secret of the sky,
And the man returned
And again he looked around the Earth:
There's a lot to do!
Reader 2.
The face of the Earth is still sick,
Bitter ashes still hang in the air
Sons of the Earth who were burned
Yesterday at the atomic fires.
And how many cripples there are on Earth!
Let's put a limit on this
Because he is rich in strength,
A man burst into space
And he returned back
And the man was convinced
That there are no barriers to good will.
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