Transverse poet. Transverse Anatoly Grigorievich. About the poetic world
It was (I almost wrote the year 17) ...it was 1989! More than 20 years ago I left the Ans. "Flame" and took up the so-called solo career. I invested almost all the funds left over from touring work into recording new songs. I started composing myself. And then one day the Ural composer Evgeny Shchekalev called me and offered to record his song. We met and a few days later I stood at the microphone and recorded a song based on the poems of the wonderful Russian poet Nikolai Rubtsov (“How quickly it all ended, how strange it was gone forever, how noisily my trains rushed by with hope and whistle”). The next day, Evgeniy and I took it to the editorial office of the “Song-89” program to show it. The editors, represented by A. Gemervert and E. Koroleva, after listening to the song, said this: “You see, comrades, we like everything - both the music and the performance, but there’s something wrong with the lyrics. (???) Something it doesn’t stick... What should we do? - we asked, feeling a little sad. “Try to find other words for this music! Yes! But try turning to poets living today... For example, to Anatoly Poperechny, one of the best Russian poets." And a few days later we come to the dacha in Peredelkino to Anatoly Grigorievich Poperechny. And an hour later, having understood the task, he I wrote new poems for the finished song. I made a new arrangement and recorded a new version of the song “Horses in the Night.” A couple of days later we came back to the editorial office of “Song of the Year” and heard in our address: “Well, that’s a different matter... Well done. ! Now she can be filmed in “Song-89”! So I became a part of television, at least later, within three years I starred in the program in a row and not once did anyone from the editing team tell me negative words. Well, time passes, but the song “Horses in the Night” remains in my memory. Best regards, Valery Belyanin.
Born on November 22, 1934 in the village of Novaya Odessa (now the city of Novaya Odessa), Nikolaev region of Ukraine. Father - Grigory Demyanovich, agronomist. Mother - Alexandra Mikhailovna, paramedic. Wife - Poperechnaya Svetlana Ivanovna. Son - Sergei (born 1958).
In 1938, the Poperechny family moved from New Odessa to Nikolaev. In August 1941, 7-year-old Anatoly, together with his mother, a nurse on the sanitary train, had to cross the country from the Dnieper to the Urals. I still remember the crossing of the Dnieper, when the fascist “Messers” began to dive on the column of refugees and wounded. Many years later, A. Poperechny wrote a poem about this: “The Ferry of '41”, later - “Orphan”, “She Defends the Motherland”, “Freight Train”, “Night Crossings”.
Military childhood A. Poperechny took place in the Urals. These were the most difficult years for the country, and Anatoly felt it with all his heart, not protected from insults and bitterness. It was scary to fall into the abyss of “fatherlessness,” everyday life, and hooliganism. But my father’s letters from the front helped, books helped, my mother helped. The theme of “war”, the eternal theme of “fathers and sons” many years later were reflected in the poems of A. Poperechny “Black Bread”, “Vineyard”, “Full Moon”, “Swan Flock”, “In a Country That Does Not Remember Kinship” and others . And the poem “Soldier”, thanks to the strong, dramatic music of composer A. Dolukhanyan, became the widely popular song “Ryazan Madonnas”.
In 1944, Anatoly and his mother returned to Nikolaev. He served as a cabin boy on the destroyer Soobrazitelny. “I scrubbed the deck there, and lived in the cockpit, and they gave me a uniform! I really liked it,” recalls Anatoly Grigorievich. “But my father returned from the front and took me away; he supposedly had to continue his studies. If he hadn’t done that, he would have left.” I'm in the maritime sector." Marine themes were subsequently widely reflected in the poet’s work. Anatoly began to write poetry early, but he had to write it in secret: it was forbidden by his father, who wanted to see his son in the future as an agronomist, an engineer, but not a poet. After graduating from ten years of school, Anatoly went to work at the Black Sea Shipyard, first as an auxiliary worker in the “hot” shop, then as an employee of the editorial office of the factory’s large-circulation newspaper “Tribune of a Stakhanovite.” He wrote essays, including poetry, about factory workers. His poems began to appear in the local newspaper "Yuzhnaya Pravda", and soon in central newspapers.
At the same time, A. Poperechny studied correspondence department Faculty of Philology of the Nikolaev Pedagogical Institute (later transferred to the Leningrad Pedagogical Institute named after Herzen). At the factory I became close to working people, became acquainted with interesting human destinies, difficult and sometimes tragic. All this later served as an impetus for the writing of the poems “Three Masters”, “Tsar Turner”, “Hot Shop”, dedicated to the workers. Something important appeared in his creative biography understanding of work as the highest meaning of life.
In 1957, A. Poperechny sent the manuscript of his poems to Moscow, to the publishing house "Soviet Writer". Unexpectedly, I received an approving letter and two positive reviews. At that time, for no one famous author this was unheard of. Among the reviewers who positively decided the fate of A. Poperechny’s first book was A.P. Mezhirov. The first book for a poet is his poetic passport, his spiritual person and at the same time the statement with which he came into the world. Such a document for A. Poperechny was the collection of poems and poems “Full Moon”, published in the “Soviet Writer” in 1959 in Leningrad. The young poet was “recognized” immediately, and his works began to be published in many magazines. In 1960, the second book of poems and poems, “Red Leaves,” was published. Like the first, it still felt the influence of the poetry of E. Bagritsky, P. Vasiliev, B. Kornilov. However, A. Poperechny did not hide his desire to apprentice with these great masters, different, but at the same time creating a whole direction in Russian poetry, where the brightness and colorfulness of the image, the metaphorical nature, the “tenfold” sense of life, of being in a “beautiful, furious world” have always been valued.
In 1960, A. Poperechny was admitted to the Union of Writers of the USSR, where he was elected secretary of the Komsomol organization. Soon he was invited to head the poetry department at the Moscow magazine "October", and A. Poperechny, along with his wife and son, moved to the capital. A “new” life began with “old” worries, in a painful search for “your” word. He traveled a lot around the country, met with people of different professions, tried to comprehend the essence of the events of current life. So, one day I had to go fishing in the Caspian Sea along with professional fishermen, live in the very outback, and face the tragic fate of the fisherman Mani in order to bring and put on my desk the almost finished poem “Red Stones”. If possible, I always tried to thoroughly study the “material” or experience the feeling or state that I was going to describe. I visited construction sites - in Siberia, the Urals, Belarus, Ukraine, and lived for a long time in Transbaikalia. There, in Transbaikalia, the book “The Core” was born. The appearance of contemporaries, the spiritual search for an ideal formed the core of this book. Somewhat moving away from the lush “forbs” of images and metaphors inherent in his early books, the poet peered more and more closely into the destinies of people, his contemporaries, into the world of memory, into the world of a childhood gone forever and an alluring future. This is how the book of poems "Orbit" appeared.
Having come to poetry in the early 1960s, at the height of the so-called “variety” poetry, A. Poperechny never abandoned civil themes and preached quiet, soulful lyrics. He entered the galaxy of such poets as R. Kazakova, V. Tsybin, N. Rubtsov, V. Gordeychev, A. Peredreev.
The poetry of A. Poperechny is a kind of contemporary confession about the pains and joys of the century. It combines colorfulness, linguistic flavor, and breadth of transferred intonation. The heroes of his poems are people of difficult and sometimes tragic fate. In search of truth, in overcoming evil, the poet’s lyrical hero sees the meaning of life. Poperechny, with his characteristic expression, develops themes of love, homeland, earthly love for the world around us, preaches the harmony of man and nature. Loyalty to civic duty is expressed in the following verses:
I hate lying words
And cast ashes into the fire!
I will never lie to the earth.
The poetry of A. Poperechny with its melody attracted the attention of songwriters. A. Dolukhanyan, having read his poem “Soldier”, decided to set it to music and asked the poet to change the title to “Ryazan Madonnas” and write a chorus. This song performed by L. Zykina gained enormous popularity, spread all over the world, and was recorded in many countries, including Japan and France.
The song occupies a special place in the work of A. Poperechny. It was the lines that became songs that brought him nationwide fame. Songs created in collaboration with such composers as A. Dolukhanyan, N. Bogoslovsky, Y. Frenkel, Y. Saulsky, D. Tukhmanov, E. Ptichkin, V. Shainsky, V. Matetsky, V. Migulya, I. Krutoy, I. Mateta, O. Ivanov, A. Morozov, V. Dobrynin, E. Stikhin, E. Hanok, E. Bednenko, V. Semenov, E. Shchekalev, A. Zuev and others, entered the repertoire of L. Zykina, K Shulzhenko, I. Kobzon, L. Leshchenko, S. Rotaru, E. Shavrina, V. Tolkunova, V. Troshin, N. Gnatyuk, N. Chepragi, O. Voronets, L. Dolina, V. Leontyeva, E. Piekhi , I. Allegrova, groups "Syabry", "Pesnyary", "Verasy", VIA "Plamya", M. Evdokimov, N. Babkina, M. Shufutinsky and other performers. “Nightingale Grove”, “Crimson Ringing”, “Olesya”, “Wedding Horses”, “Robin”, “Stork on the Roof”, “Why, I Don’t Know”, “Grass at the House”, “Zavalinka” have long been recognized as pop classics. They contain a lot of light, joy, tenderness, kindness, anxiety, emotions, they give innermost feelings, inspiration, memories, hope, and inspire people’s hearts.
According to A. Poperechny, a song is the fate of a person, and sometimes of an entire generation of people. The poet believes that working in song brings him closer to Nekrasov’s understanding of poetry and nationality, its civic essence. He is convinced that “poems, labored through, created about people and for people, and set to talented music, are necessary.” The poetry of Anatoly Poperechny has something that makes the listener think and feel the song. His poetry rises to heights folk art, reflecting the fate and spirit of the people and making songs and their performers popular.
The poet believes that conciliarity should always be present in a song, a song should gather, unite, and reconcile people. The artistic thinking of A. Poperechny is distinguished by active associativity and deep psychologism, which help him penetrate into the innermost corners of the human soul. His works are a tribute to the Fatherland, his father’s house, a “crimson ringing” floating from the fate and greatness of the Motherland. His work is a tribute to nature, love, loyalty, the village, the plowman, the blacksmith and the shipbuilder, childhood and adolescence, life in general, to which he considers himself an eternal debtor. A. Poperechny once defined the themes of his poems and songs with lines from his poem:
There is something big in the world
Art -
Don't spare anything for people.
On December 4, 2000, in the State Central Concert Hall "Russia" the anniversary evening of A. Poperechny "Russia, Motherland, Love" was held, dedicated to the 40th anniversary of creative activity, at which he performed not only as a recognized people's poet of Russia, but also as a composer: At the evening, the “Borodino” march, written to his poems and music, was performed for the first time.
A. Poperechny is the author of 22 collections of poems and poems: “Full Moon” (1959), “Red Leaves” (1960), “Black Bread” (1960), “Invisible Battle” (1962), “Orbit” (1964), “ Russia, Motherland, Love" (1964), "Night Trains" (1965), "The Ninth Circle" (1968), "Rage-Life" (1973), "Core" (1975), "August Field" (1976), “The Green Gate” (1981), “The Face” (1982), “Selected Poems and Poems” (1984), “Grass near the House” (1985), “Tribute” (1987), “Night Crossings” (1988). He published several translated books (from Georgian, Armenian, Bashkir, Hebrew), as well as a collection of stories for children, “Southwest”. He wrote a number of plays and film scripts. The poet is the author of the drama "Fiery Legend" (together with L. Mitrofanov). In 1968, the book “Russia, Motherland, Love” by A. Poperechny and I. Glazunov was published, which was conceived as a lyrical-epic composition in paintings and poetry. This publication is the result of the creative collaboration of the poet and the artist, who each in their own way reproduce the stages of the historical fate of Russia. A. Poperechny - author large number publications and critical articles in periodicals.
Anatoly Grigorievich gets carried away fiction, especially highlights N.V. Gogol, T.G. Shevchenko and V.M. Shukshina. Free time loves to spend time in nature.
References
To prepare this work, materials were used from the site http://www.biograph.ru/
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In the Nikolaev region in November 1934, the popular poet Anatoly Poperechny was born, a Soviet and Russian songwriter, the author of lyrics that people immediately sang and sing to this day.
Childhood and youth
The poet spent the first four years on the picturesque bank of the Southern Bug in the regional center of the Nikolaev region called New Odessa, and in 1938 the family moved to Nikolaev. During the war, it was necessary to evacuate, and the future poet Anatoly Poperechny, with all sorts of worries and dangers, traveled all the way to the Urals, where he lived until the liberation of his native places. We returned to the war-torn land in 1944, where everything had to be restored and rebuilt. There, in Nikolaev, Anatoly Poperechny graduated from school and got a job at the Black Sea Shipyard.
However, he did not leave his studies. Despite production difficulties (he worked in a hot shop), beautiful poems were written, and the poet was willingly accepted into the Nikolaev Pedagogical Institute for philology. True, I had to study in absentia and with many interruptions. At the shipyard there were many decades of literary association"Slipway", which Anatoly Poperechny visited with great pleasure: there they understood him and appreciated his work.
First publications
“Tribune of a Stakhanovite” was the name of the large-circulation newspaper of the shipyard, where Anatoly’s first publications appeared. Factory everyday life surprisingly set the mood for activity; the poet managed to do a lot: he wrote poetry, prepared tests for college, and gradually learned to write small notes and extensive essays about his comrades in the hot shop. And he did it so well that he received an offer of cooperation from the editorial management.
Almost immediately, poems by Anatoly Poperechny began to appear in the newspaper, which were read with pleasure not only by the workers of his native enterprise, but also by strangers. The regional newspaper "Yuzhnaya Pravda" drew attention to this fact and also published Anatoly's poems from time to time. After a short time, even central newspapers several times honored the work of the young poet with publications.
Books
The debut was successful. Literally a year later the collection “Red Leaves” was published. And after the publication of the second book, writers and poets could already join a high trade union, and Anatoly Grigorievich Poperechny was given necessary recommendations. In 1960, he was not only accepted into the Writers' Union of the USSR, but also invited to work at the magazine "October" as head of the poetry department. Thus, the whole family had to move to Moscow, where he found real national fame.
Milestones
The rest of his life was spent in the capital, although the work of Anatoly Poperechny trumpeted completely different realities and forced him to spend most of his time traveling and outdoors. Since childhood he loved to read, his authors board books there were Shevchenko and Gogol, and in the seventies, almost all authors were forced to make room on his writing table by Vasily Makarovich Shukshin, whose books became more than just tabletop books. Anatoly Poperechny knew the work of his favorite writer better than his own texts. His biography was built on the unshakable principles of goodness and truth.
Could the Poperechny couple, a simple agronomist Grigory Demyanovich and paramedic Alexandra Mikhailovna, dream about such a future for their son? What kind of nightingale did their Anatoly grow up to be, if his poems, one after another, are set to music, and then immediately begin to sound from every window, at every feast? The family of Anatoly Poperechny knew by heart every poem, every poem from all twenty-two of his collections. All his life, the poet’s work was supported by his wife, his muse, Svetlana Ivanovna. And his son Sergei, who was born in 1958, helped him through the entire difficult path to fame, when there was no fame yet and nothing, it would seem, foreshadowed it.
Creation
Is there a person in the country who does not at least occasionally hum the song “Stork on the Roof”? And the song “Grass at the House” has been sung by all generations since 1985, and will be sung in all future times. Such songs, which became popular, can be listed and listed, there are dozens of them - which instantly became popular and did not lose this hypostasis with all the changes in the country that affected way of life, and moral principles, and even with a change in social and political system.
The collections of Anatoly Poperechny can be re-read at all times; they will never lose their relevance, since the external manifestations of life have little to do with them. This is deep, painfully familiar to everyone. This is “Black Bread” and “Invisible Battle” from the sixties, this is earth and space - “Orbit”, “Grass at the House”, this is the eternal “Crimson Ringing”, which does not subside in the soul of every Russian, and not just Soviet man. Songs based on poems by Anatoly Poperechny will always be heard.
May 2014
Not everyone remembers the names of songwriters. But the songs that were once performed by Lev Leshchenko, the group "Zemlyane", Alexander Malinin, Nadezhda Babkina, Mikhail Shufutinsky, Philip Kirkorov, Sofia Rotaru, Joseph Kobzon, Lyudmila Zykina and many other stars of previous years, were picked up by new performers. And therefore, the robin’s voice will sound, and the next cosmonauts will dream about the grass near the house, and they will sing about Olesya from Polesie at a family holiday in the twenty-second century, and the song “Stork on the Roof” will not be forgotten. These are truly timeless hits.
And in May 2014, Anatoly Poperechny passed away. The common cause of death today is heart failure. This is a real grief for all the people who are in love with the song. The poet was ill for a long time and had a heart attack, which is also not uncommon at the age of eighty. In the end, life did not spoil him at all, despite the huge number of constantly heard hits. And he wrote poetry literally until his last minute. It turned out that there was no money even to bury the poet with dignity in a Moscow cemetery. Svetlana Ivanovna had to sell her apartment.
Memories
Anatoly Poperechny was good person, judging by the words of people who worked with him a lot. The only objection that was heard from him was that Anatoly did not count himself among the cohort of songwriters. He argued that the title of “just a poet” was enough for him. And indeed, you need to be a truly brave poet to use the phrase “glorious bird” (everyone’s favorite song “Nightingale Grove”). Almost Mayakovsky.
His wife Svetlana Ivanovna, who was the only muse who was “tamed” ten long years after the first meeting, says that her husband never wrote poems not about love. Apparently, this is why all the people have been singing songs to the words of Anatoly Poperechny for many decades. This topic is close to everyone, but not everyone will be able to explain it so clearly and so laconicly.
Poet about his life
The poet rarely gave extensive interviews during his life. And now they are few and therefore invaluable evidence. Life path- exactly what leads the poet to an understanding of poetry, to imaginative thinking, to the essence of poetic creativity.
What speaks most about the family is my father’s refrain: “You are an agronomist, an agronomist, there is black soil under your fingernails...” My father was simple in his understanding of life, pure in his thoughts. He did not encourage his son’s passion for poetry; he only saw him with a real craft in his hands. The theme of fathers and sons, associated with war, was raised by the poet many times: “Swan Flock”, “Full Moon”, “Vineyard”, “Black Bread” - poems remarkable for their depth.
Flush
If there were no exceptional popularity of song lyrics, Anatoly Poperechny would still stand on a par with prominent Russian poets - Kazakova, Tsybin, Rubtsov, Gordeichev, Peredreev. Let them not sing about the difficult, sometimes tragic fates of the working people reflected in the poems “Hot Shop”, “Tsar Turner”, “Three Masters”, where work is the highest meaning of human life. These are real poems.
My mother was a nurse during the war and accompanied a medical train from Ukraine to the Urals. Naturally, the little son saw and felt all the hardships that the people suffered during the war. When crossing the Dnieper, I had to survive a raid by fascist “Messers” on columns of wounded and refugees. Then, many years later, it was from these experiences that the poems “The Ferry of '41”, “Freight Train”, “Orphan”, “Night Crossings” were born.
"Ryazan Madonnas"
The poem “Soldier” turned out to be so heartfelt, permeated with such genuine, real, high pathos that they were reading it even before the song with which the whole world fell in love appeared. The song has a different name - "Ryazan Madonnas", according to a line inside the poem. The wonderful composer Alexander Dolukhanyan insisted on this change, who wrote music that was truly in tune with the poetic lines.
The song instantly became a hit, it was recorded in Japan and France, and Lyudmila Zykina’s voice was heard all over the world. This song is for all times, since it is recognized as a pop classic, like many other songs based on poems by Anatoly Poperechny. They never run out of light, joy, tenderness, kindness, anxiety, experiences that give people inspiration and innermost feelings, memories and hope, and inspire their hearts.
Co-creation
Such composers, demanding of texts, as Bogoslovsky, Dolukhanyan, Tukhmanov, worked a lot with Anatoly Poperechny. Among the musicians, such recognized professionals as “Pesnyary”, “Flame”, “Earthlings”, “Verasy” and many, many other excellent masters performed songs based on the poems of this poet. Dolina and Leontyev, Shavrina and Gnatyuk, Piekha and Allegrova - it’s even impossible to list everyone who helped bring these songs to the pinnacle of popularity.
Dobrynin and Shainsky, Migulya and Krutoy, Morozov and Ivanov were inspired by the poems of Anatoly Poperechny. And all because, despite the simplicity of verbal images, the texts turned out to be very deep, leaving a long “aftertaste” in the form of memories. One after another, the songs became legends: “The Soul Hurts”, “Stork on the Roof”, “Heavenly Powers”, “White Lilac”... The author simply loved life very much and never tired of being surprised and rejoicing at all its good manifestations.
About the poetic world
Even from the hits known throughout the country, one can conclude that Anatoly Poperechny’s poetic world is wide and diverse. Everything is already there: the search for the meaning of life, and the Motherland, and love for it, and the desire from one’s historical roots to achieve the true purpose of a poet through one’s own, hard-won word. Reality is always reflected in Poperechny's works artistically, vividly lyrical, vividly figurative and aphoristic.
The poet dedicated more than twenty poems to the memory of the Great Patriotic War. It’s amazing how a seven-year-old child managed to preserve all these small, intimate, precious details that fill his poems with terrifying reality until the very incarnation. However, there is no hopelessness there either. There is a flavor of the native land, painfully suffering, but always victorious, lets you know with every letter.
Your word
But this “own word” had to be sought in the same way as every poet does - tirelessly and painfully. Anatoly Poperechny spent his whole life in search of these, traveled almost the entire country, where he communicated with completely different people. I fished in the Caspian Sea (from where the most heartfelt poem "Red Stones" was brought), was in Siberia, visited Ukraine often and for a long time - my homeland, after all, was in Belarus, and even settled in Transbaikalia, since it was there that the book was supposed to be born and was born " Core".
All the joy and all the pain of the past century are reflected in the poetry of Anatoly Poperechny. Reading it is not boring: the language is colorful, with its inherent Little Russian flavor, the intonation is broad, inviting. The heroes of his poems quite often have a tragic fate, but evil is always overcome, since the theme of love never ceases to sound - for people, for the Motherland, for the world that is about to arise. There is harmony in Poperechny’s poems; in them, nature and man are one.
Melodica
It is not for nothing that the song is called the fate of a generation of people. Some songs outlive their generation. The melody of Poperechny’s verse is such that there are several dozen “long-lived” songs. Some critics talk about the approximation of these texts to folk art, where there is a certain conciliarity - unifying, collecting, reconciling a variety of people.
Others talk about deep psychologism, which helps to penetrate into the innermost corners of the soul, about associativity. After all, what is “raspberry ringing” for a Russian person? It is, first of all, a symbol. Therefore, all the poet’s work is a bow native nature, this is giving one’s own loyalty and understanding to any plowman, shipbuilder, blacksmith, this is love for life in all its manifestations.
poetry
Anatoly Grigorievich Poperechny was born on November 22, 1934 in the city of New Odessa, Nikolaev region. I spent my military childhood in the Urals. After the war he returned to Nikolaev. After graduating from school, he went to work at the Black Sea Shipyard and attended the factory literary association "Stapel". At the same time, he studied in absentia at the philological faculty of the Nikolaev Pedagogical Institute, then at the Leningrad State pedagogical institute them. A.I. Herzen. He graduated from it in 1954. The first collection of poems, “Full Moon,” was published in Leningrad in 1959. The second collection of poetry, Black Bread, was published in 1960. In the same year he was admitted to the Writers' Union.
The poet’s poetic world is diverse. This includes a philosophical search for the meaning of life, one’s historical roots, the purpose of a poet, and love, the Motherland, and a painful search for one’s word. The artistic reflection of reality in the poet's works is indicated by vivid lyricism, lively imagery, and aphoristic style.
More than twenty poems and poems by Anatoly Poperechny are dedicated to the Great Patriotic War. A whole cycle that continues: “A soldier was walking.” "Vineyard". "Hospital" and others. One can only be surprised at how only the childish consciousness of Anatoly Poperechny, who was not even seven years old. when the war broke out, he was able to capture its essence and details. The picture he depicted at the crossing of the Dnieper in the poem “The Ferry of '41” is shocking with its terrible reality. But both in the lines about the war and in the poet’s entire poetic palette there is no hopelessness.
In many of his poems, the poet creates pictures in which we associatively recognize the signs and flavor of his native land - “Beyond the windows the steppe was broken by a white road to the Scythian mound.” The theme of the Nikolaev region sounds in such works of the poet as “Genealogy”, “Earth”, “August” ". “Beyond the Estuary”, “Noon”, “August Field”, “Varvarovsky Bridge”, poems “Core”, “Hot Shop” and many others.
Many of Anatoly Poperechny's poems became songs. Their consonance and melody easily fit into the musical lines. These are “Nightingale Grove”, “Robin”, “Stork on the Roof”, “Crimson Ringing”. "Romance". "Golden Heart" etc. recent years Two CDs were released with songs based on poems by A. Poperechny, sung by famous performers S. Rotaru and I. Kobzon. M. Rasputin. M Evdokimov et al.
Poperechny Anatoly Grigorievich was born on November 22, 1934 in the village of Novaya Odessa (now the city of Novaya Odessa), Nikolaev region of Ukraine. Father - Grigory Demyanovich, agronomist. Mother - Alexandra Mikhailovna, paramedic. Wife - Poperechnaya Svetlana Ivanovna. Son - Sergei (born 1958).
In 1938, the Poperechny family moved from New Odessa to Nikolaev. In August 1941, 7-year-old Anatoly, together with his mother, a nurse on the sanitary train, had to cross the country from the Dnieper to the Urals. I still remember the crossing of the Dnieper, when the fascist “Messers” began to dive on the column of refugees and wounded. Many years later, A. Poperechny wrote a poem about this "Ferry of '41", later - "Orphan", "She defends the Motherland", "Freight Train" , "Night crossings".
A. Poperechny spent his military childhood in the Urals. These were the most difficult years for the country, and Anatoly felt it with all his heart, not protected from insults and bitterness. It was scary to fall into the abyss of “fatherlessness,” everyday life, and hooliganism. But my father’s letters from the front helped, books helped, my mother helped. The theme of “war”, the eternal theme of “fathers and sons” many years later were reflected in the poems of A. Poperechny “Black Bread”, “Vineyard”, “Full Moon”, "Swan Flock", "In a country that does not remember kinship" and others. And the poem “Soldier”, thanks to the strong, dramatic music of composer A. Dolukhanyan, became a widely popular song.
In 1944, Anatoly and his mother returned to Nikolaev. He served as a cabin boy on the destroyer Soobrazitelny. “I scrubbed the deck there, and lived in the cockpit, and they gave me a uniform! I really liked it,” recalls Anatoly Grigorievich. - But my father returned from the front and took me away - they say, I need to continue my studies. If he hadn’t done this, I would have gone to the naval unit.” Marine themes were subsequently widely reflected in the poet’s work. Anatoly began to write poetry early, but he had to write it in secret: it was forbidden by his father, who wanted to see his son in the future as an agronomist, an engineer, but not a poet. After graduating from ten years of school, Anatoly went to work at the Black Sea Shipbuilding Plant, first as an auxiliary worker in the “hot” shop, then as an employee of the editorial office of the factory’s large-circulation newspaper “Tribune of the Stakhanovite.” He wrote essays, including poetry, about factory workers. His poems began to appear in the local newspaper Yuzhnaya Pravda, and soon in central newspapers.
At the same time, A. Poperechny studied at the correspondence department of the philological department of the Nikolaev Pedagogical Institute (later he transferred to the Leningrad Pedagogical Institute named after Herzen). At the factory I became close to working people, became acquainted with interesting human destinies, difficult and sometimes tragic. All this later served as an impetus for the writing of the poems “Three Masters”, “Tsar Turner”, “Hot Shop”, dedicated to the workers. An important understanding of work as the highest meaning of life appeared in his creative biography.
In 1957, A. Poperechny sent the manuscript of his poems to Moscow, to the publishing house “Soviet Writer”. Unexpectedly, I received an approving letter and two positive reviews. At that time, this was unheard of for an unknown author. Among the reviewers who positively decided the fate of A. Poperechny’s first book was A. P. Mezhirov. The first book for a poet is his poetic passport, his spiritual person and at the same time the application with which he came into the world. Such a document for A. Poperechny was the collection of poems and poems “Full Moon”, published in “Soviet Writer” in 1959 in Leningrad. The young poet was “recognized” immediately, his works began to be published in many magazines. In 1960, the second book of poems and poems, “Red Leaves,” was published. Like the first one, the influence of poetry was still felt in it E. Bagritsky, P. Vasilyeva, B. Kornilova. However, A. Poperechny did not hide his desire to apprentice with these great masters, different, but at the same time creating a whole direction in Russian poetry, where the brightness and colorfulness of the image, metaphor, “tenfold” sense of life, being in the “beautiful, furious” world."
In 1960, A. Poperechny was admitted to the Writers' Union of the USSR, where he was elected secretary of the Komsomol organization. Soon he was invited to head the poetry department at the Moscow magazine "October", and A. Poperechny, along with his wife and son, moved to the capital. A “new” life began with “old” worries, in a painful search for “your” word. He traveled a lot around the country, met with people of different professions, tried to comprehend the essence of the events of current life. So, one day I had to go fishing in the Caspian Sea along with professional fishermen, live in the very outback, and face the tragic fate of the fisherman Mani in order to bring and put on my desk the almost finished poem “Red Stones”. If possible, I always tried to thoroughly study the “material” or experience the feeling or state that I was going to describe. I visited construction sites - in Siberia, the Urals, Belarus, Ukraine, and lived for a long time in Transbaikalia. There, in Transbaikalia, the book “The Core” was born. The appearance of contemporaries, the spiritual search for an ideal formed the core of this book. Somewhat moving away from the lush “forbs” of images and metaphors inherent in his early books, the poet peered more and more closely into the destinies of people, his contemporaries, into the world of memory, into the world of a childhood gone forever and an alluring future. This is how the book of poems “Orbit” appeared.
Having come to poetry in the early 1960s, at the height of the so-called “pop” poetry, A. Poperechny never abandoned civil themes and preached quiet, soulful lyrics. He entered the galaxy of such poets as R. Kazakova, V. Tsybin, N.Rubtsov, V. Gordeychev, A. Peredreev.
The poetry of A. Poperechny is a kind of contemporary confession about the pains and joys of the century. It combines colorfulness, linguistic flavor, and breadth of transferred intonation. The heroes of his poems are people of difficult and sometimes tragic fate. In search of truth, in overcoming evil, the poet’s lyrical hero sees the meaning of life. Transverse, with his characteristic expression, develops themes of love, homeland, earthly love for the world around him, and preaches the harmony of man and nature. Loyalty to civic duty is expressed in the following verses:
I hate lying words And the ashes that play into the fire! I will never lie to the earth.
The poetry of A. Poperechny with its melody attracted the attention of songwriters. A. Dolukhanyan, having read his poem “Soldier”, decided to set it to music and asked the poet to change the title to and write a chorus. This song performed by L. Zykina gained enormous popularity, spread all over the world, and was recorded in many countries, including Japan and France.
Song occupied a special place in the work of A. Poperechny. It was the lines that became songs that brought him nationwide fame. Songs created in collaboration with such composers as A. Dolukhanyan, N. Bogoslovsky, Y. Frenkel, Y. Saulsky, D. Tukhmanov, E. Ptichkin, V. Shainsky, V. Matetsky, V. Migulya, I. Krutoy, I. Mateta, O. Ivanov, A. Morozov, V. Dobrynin, E. Stikhin, E. Hanok, E. Bednenko, V. Semenov, E. Shchekalev, A. Zuev and others, entered the repertoire of L. Zykina, K Shulzhenko, I. Kobzon, L. Leshchenko, S. Rotaru, E. Shavrina, V. Tolkunova, V. Troshin, N. Gnatyuk, N. Chepragi, O. Voronets, L. Dolina, V. Leontyeva, E. Piekhi , I. Allegrova, groups “Syabry”, “Pesnyary”, “Verasy”, VIA “Plamya”, M. Evdokimov, N. Babkina, M. Shufutinsky and other performers. , , "Olesya" , "Wedding horses", , “Stork on the Roof”, “Why, I don’t know”“Zavalinka” has long been recognized as a pop classic. They contain a lot of light, joy, tenderness, kindness, anxiety, emotions, they give innermost feelings, inspiration, memories, hope, and inspire people’s hearts.
According to A. Poperechny, a song is the fate of a person, and sometimes of an entire generation of people. The poet believes that working in song brings him closer to Nekrasov’s understanding of poetry and nationality, its civic essence. He is convinced that “poems, painstakingly created about people and for people and set to talented music, are necessary.” The poetry of Anatoly Poperechny has something that makes the listener think and feel the song. His poetry rises to the heights of folk art, reflecting the fate and spirit of the people and making songs and their performers popular.
The poet believed that conciliarity should always be present in a song, a song should gather, unite, and reconcile people. The artistic thinking of A. Poperechny is distinguished by active associativity and deep psychologism, which help him penetrate into the innermost corners of the human soul. His works are a tribute to the Fatherland, his father’s house, a “crimson ringing” floating from the fate and greatness of the Motherland. His work is a tribute to nature, love, loyalty, the village, the plowman, the blacksmith and the shipbuilder, childhood and adolescence, life in general, to which he considers himself an eternal debtor. A. Poperechny once defined the themes of his poems and songs with lines from his poem:
There is a great art in the world - to spare nothing for people.
On December 4, 2000, the State Central Concert Hall “Russia” hosted the anniversary evening dedicated to the 40th anniversary of creative activity of A. Poperechny “Russia, Motherland, Love”, at which he performed not only as a recognized people’s poet of Russia, but also as a composer: At the evening, the “Borodino” march, written to his poems and music, was performed for the first time.
A. Poperechny is the author of 22 collections of poems and poems: “Full Moon” (1959), “Red Leaves” (1960), “Black Bread” (1960), “Invisible Battle” (1962), “Orbit” (1964), “ Russia, Motherland, Love" (1964), "Night Trains" (1965), "The Ninth Circle" (1968), "Rage-Life" (1973), "Core" (1975), "August Field" (1976), “Green Gate” (1981), “Face” (1982), “Selected Poems and Poems” (1984), “Grass near the House” (1985), “Tribute” (1987), “Night Crossings” (1988). He published several translated books (from Georgian, Armenian, Bashkir, Hebrew), as well as a collection of stories for children, “Southwest”. He wrote a number of plays and film scripts. The poet is the author of the drama “Fiery Legend” (together with L. Mitrofanov). In 1968, the book “Russia, Motherland, Love” by A. Poperechny and I. Glazunov was published, which was conceived as a lyrical-epic composition in paintings and poetry. This publication is the result of the creative collaboration of the poet and the artist, who each in their own way reproduce the stages of the historical fate of Russia. A. Poperechny is the author of a large number of publications and critical articles in periodicals.
Anatoly Grigorievich was fond of fiction, especially highlighting N.V. Gogol, T.G. Shevchenko and V.M. Shukshin. He liked to spend his free time in nature.
POPERECHNY, Anatoly Grigorievich (b. November 22, 1934, New Odessa, Nikolaev region, Ukrainian SSR) - Russian Soviet poet. Studied at the Nikolaev Pedagogical Institute. Poperechny's poems, especially the poem "Full Moon", which gave the name to the first collection (1959), are characterized by romantic aspiration and richness of language. Author of the collections “Black Bread” (1961), “Orbit” (1964) and others, in which historical topics occupy a significant place. Transverse gravitates towards the genres of ballads and romantic poems (“The Ninth Circle. Poems, ballads, poems”, 1968). Some of Poperechny's poems were criticized for linguistic "liberties".
Works: Russia. Homeland. Lyubov, M., 1968 (together with I. Glazunov).
Lit.: Denisova I., From “full moon” to “solstice”, “Mol. Guard", 1960, No. 6; Chukhontsev O., “This is us!”, “Youth”, 1962, No. 10; Glezer A., Origins of imagery, “Banner”, 1964, No. 3; Toporov A., Fedik M., ... and visible even for the blind!, “ New world", 1965, No. 10.
L. V. Shereshevsky
Brief Literary Encyclopedia: In 9 volumes - T. 1. - M.: Soviet encyclopedia, 1962
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