Volga region. Consolidation of the studied material Automotive enterprises of the Volga region
Economy of the Volga region
Ponomarenko G.N., geography teacher, MBOU school No. 36, Murmansk
Economy of the Volga region
Industries of specialization
Industry
Agriculture
Branches of specialization of the Volga region
What is the region's area of specialization?
Specialization of the region in the production of certain products oriented for export outside the region
What conditions are necessary for the development of specialization industries?
Favorable natural conditions, Natural resources, quantity and qualifications of labor resources, level of development of productive forces
Based on knowledge about the natural conditions, resources and population of the region and using the atlas map p. 34, identify the industries of specialization of the Volga region.
Branches of specialization of the Volga region: mechanical engineering, chemical industry, fuel and energy complex, agriculture.
Mechanical engineering of the Volga region
The main feature of mechanical engineering in the Volga region is the high share of industries that ensure the development of scientific and technological revolution: instrument engineering, radio engineering, electronics, aerospace engineering.
The Volga region produces 80% of the country's passenger cars and 20% of the country's trucks: the VAZ automobile plant (Tolyatti) - passenger cars, KAMAZ (Naberezhnye Chelny) - heavy-duty vehicles, the Ulyanovsk automobile plant - all-terrain vehicles, the city of Engels - trolleybuses and buses.
Mechanical engineering of the Volga region
The Volga region is one of the main regions for the production of aerospace equipment. Airplanes – Kazan, Samara; rockets - Samara; helicopters - Kazan
Rocket assembly workshop
Chemical industry
The Volga region ranks first in the country in terms of development of the chemical industry. What resources of the region serve as raw materials for this industry. Name the centers of the chemical industry (atlas p. 34)
Sulfur mining ( Samara Region), salt (Baskunchak). Production of synthetic rubber (Volzhsky, Kazan, Nizhnekamsk), plastics (Volgograd, Samara) chemical fibers (Nizhnekamsk, Volzhsky)
Synthetic rubber
Synthetic rubber tires
Automotive components made of plastic
Chemical fibers
Fuel and energy complex
Using the atlas map (p. 34), determine: in which regions of the Volga region are oil and gas produced?
Oil reserves - 7% of the total Russian reserves - are concentrated in Tatarstan, the Astrakhan region and on the shelf of the Caspian Sea. The Volga region is the largest oil refining region in the country.
Oil production in Tatarstan
Gas production in the Astrakhan region
Distribution of gas reserves by region (million cubic meters)
Astrakhan region
The Volga region specializes in electricity production (Saratov region, Tatarstan). Using the atlas map p. 12, determine the types of power plants in the Volga region
Uranium is used as a common fuel for nuclear power plants. The fission reaction takes place in the main unit of a nuclear power plant—a nuclear reactor.
The reactor is controlled by 211 neutron-absorbing rods evenly distributed throughout the reactor. The fuel cassette is installed in the technological channel. The number of technological channels in the reactor is 1661.
The reactor is located in a reinforced concrete shaft. The mass of the reactor is transferred to the concrete through metal structures, which simultaneously serve as protection against radiation and, together with the reactor casing, form a sealed cavity - the reactor space.
Balakovo NPP
Balakovo NPP
Laying the foundation stone for a nuclear power plant
The reactor vessel is lowered into the shaft
Location: near Balakovo (Saratov region)
Reactor types: VVER-1000
Power units: 4
Years of commissioning: 1985, 1987, 1988, 1993
Power: 4,000 MW
The station based on the results of work in 1995, 1999, 2000, 2003 and 2005-2007. was awarded the title “Best NPP in Russia”.
Balakovo NPP is the largest electricity producer in Russia. It produces more than 30 billion kWh of electricity annually (more than any other nuclear, thermal and hydroelectric power plant in the country). The Balakovo NPP provides a quarter of the electricity production in the Volga Federal District and a fifth of the output of all nuclear power plants in the country. Its electricity is reliably provided to consumers in the Volga region (76% of the electricity it supplies), the Center (13%), the Urals (8%) and Siberia (3%). Electricity from the Balakovo NPP is the cheapest among all nuclear power plants and thermal power plants in Russia. The installed capacity utilization factor (IUR) at the Balakovo NPP is more than 80 percent.
Engine room
Agriculture of the Volga region
Atlas p. 34 determine the areas of specialization of the region
20% of grain is grown here. The region ranks 1st in flour production in the country.
1/3 of tomatoes are grown
¾ watermelons
The region ranks 1st in the country in the production of meat and cereals.
Sturgeon fish are caught in the Lower Volga region
Bream, pike perch, carp
Caviar is being harvested
Name the centers for the production of cars and trolleybuses
Name the centers for the production of aircraft, helicopters,
What branches of the chemical industry are represented?
in the Volga region?
Name the branches of specialization of the Volga region
Airplanes – Kazan, Samara, Saratov; helicopters – Kazan;
rockets - Samara
Mechanical engineering, chemical industry,
Fuel and energy complex, agriculture
Cars – Tolyatti, Naberezhnye Chelny, Ulyanovsk
Trolleybuses - Engels
Sulfur production - Samara region, salt - Baskunchak; synthetic
rubber - Volzhsky, Kazan, Nizhnekamsk; plastics – Samara,
Volgograd; chemical fibers – Nizhnekamsk, Volzhsky
The production of which agricultural products of the region is of national importance
Meat, flour, cereal, table salt
1. Industries of specialization of the Volga region: a) non-ferrous metallurgy
b) mechanical engineering c) chemical industry d) forest industry d) agriculture
2. Large automobile factories are located in the cities: a) Kazan
b) Tolyatti c) Naberezhnye Chelny d) Astrakhan d) Engels
3. Airplanes are produced in the cities: a) Kazan
b) Tolyatti c) Samara d) Astrakhan e) Saratov
4. They specialize in the production of electricity:
a) Saratov region b) Tatarstan c) Kalmykia d) Penza region
5. The Volga region is distinguished by the production of: a) grain b) flax c) tomatoes d) sugar beets e) watermelons
1bvd; 2bv; 3avd; 4ab; 5avd
Task No. 1
Show the Volga region mineral deposits on a contour map.
Task No. 2
Place large hydroelectric and nuclear power plants of the Volga region on the contour map
Task No. 3
List the mechanical engineering centers of the Volga region. What types of cars are produced in this area? Present the results in the table:
|
Mechanical Engineering Centers |
Products |
http://www.newchemistry.ru/images/img/letters5/3266.jpg- chemical industry products
http://im2-tub.yandex.net/i?id=203602794-09– oil production
http://www.kamaz.ru/i/kamaz.jpg- heavy vehicles
http://italian.ruvr.ru/data/532/186/1234/aviastar.jpg- aircraft production
http://img12.nnm.ru/a/2/5/1/7/a2517ddb7cc8dc54fffe54530a441d59_full.jpg- mechanical engineering
http://www.agro.ru/imgs/2937_.jpg- grain production
http://www.agro.ru/imgs/6418_.jpg- wheat
www.mmc.ru– map of the Volga region (electronic manual)
http://images.businessweek.com/ss/09/12/1209_best_and_worst_401k/image/009_albemarle.jpg- oil refinery
http://images.reklama.com.ua/2010-11-04/591619/photos0-800x600.jpeg- transport of the Volga region
http://www.td-belarus.ru/images/td-belarus.ru/catalogue/catalogue_42/element_443_530.jpg- harvesting
http://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/3313/tuningsvs-ru.1/0_5831_1f4431b0_XL- Lada car
http://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/3310/boss-f.6/0_279e8_5e2f8527_XL- Lada car
http://megaobzor.com/load/avto/nmz.jpg- KAMAZ
http://www.citadelavto.ru/im/photo_gallery_ural/429_1088.jpg- KAMAZ
http://www.avto.ru/foto/28.07.2009/fotoMax/1_43575_b.jpg- "Niva"
http://seet.tv/gallery/gusenichnye-amfibii/gusenichnye-amfibii_vezdehod_uaz-1.jpg- all-terrain vehicles
http://static.baza.farpost.ru/bulletins_images/4/1/6/4167864.jpg- all-terrain vehicle
http://www.izvestia64.ru/images/uploads/alHj2TuDoLF.jpg- trolleybus
http://i.uralweb.ru/albums/fotos/files/356/3569b27dcce1a815787c6bcdfda4997f.jpg- airplane
http://www.tupolev.ru/images/Pictures/Gallery/204-300/204-300-vv2-01.jpg- airplane
http://www.eurocopter.com/publications/doc_wsw/EC135_Hermes.jpg- helicopter
http://vladimirdn.ucoz.ru/_ph/34/123763876.jpg- rocket assembly workshop
http://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/4113/izsurguta.1/0_2381e_403a076c_XL- rocket nozzles
http://www.spetsstroy.ru/upload/images/photo/1/1256.jpg- rocket launch preparation
www.mmc.ru– Volga-Kama Automobile Region, “Chemical Complex” scheme (electronic manual)
http://im8-tub.yandex.net/i?id=72943942-12 artificial rubber
http://img.lenta.ru/news/2006/11/29/fixing/picture.jpg- tires
http://freefabric.ru/images/volokno_61_1269626735.jpg- chemical fibers
http://www.rosnedra.com/data/Photos/Photo/23.GIF- distribution of free gas reserves by region
http://www.cttimes.org/attachments/950/55_27.jpg gas field, Astrakhan region
http://www.photodreamstudio.ru/gal-15/gal-15-0013.jpg- Tatarstan oil
http://img12.nnm.ru/b/3/1/d/c/772be109c8fe145f6adf4b7a6c4.jpg- oil
http://obenamur.files.wordpress.com/2009/08/petrochina.jpg?w=575&h=385– oil production
http://www.treehugger.com/peak%20oil%202014%20crude%20oil%20production%20study.jpg– oil production
http://i002.radikal.ru/0910/e5/38b660c1d8b6.jpg- Hydroelectric power station on the Volga
http://vgt.mgsu.ru/pic/volga_10.jpg- hydroelectric power station
http://competition.mobilafun.ru/uploads/competition/1/64/photo/187_b.JPG- Saratov hydroelectric power station
http://www.myjulia.ru/data/cache/2010/01/14/309578_6341-800x600.jpg- tomatoes
http://dekret.ucoz.ru/de5f7c2189ab.jpg- watermelons
http://www.lisburncity.gov.uk/filestore/images/Raw-Meat-1.jpg- meat
http://www.krasu.ru/nature/f/osetr3.jpg- sturgeon
http://img.crazys.info/files/i/2009.10.23/1256310317_387464014.jpg- bream
http://img.oboz.obozrevatel.com/files/NewsPhoto/2008/12/22/275704/137906_image_large.jpg- black caviar
http://www.kraskomplekt.ru/product/ogn/info/sour/obj3.jpg- Balakovo NPP
http://forum.nov.ru/uploads/monthly_02_2009/post-38788-1233695748.jpg- engine room
http://www.minatom.ru/u/big/10.070416.jpg- Balakovo NPP
http://ruatom.ru/50let/8-3.jpg- Balakovo NPP, stone laying
http://ruatom.ru/50let/4-7.jpg- Balakovo NPP, reactor shaft
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/photo/gallery/100622/GAL-10Jun22-4941/media/PHO-10Jun22-233458.jpg- Balakovo NPP
http://www.realeconomy.ru/215/3546/3737/index.shtml- Balakovo NPP, text
Checking homework: Features of the EGP of the Volga region. Features of the EGP of the Volga region. - borders - economic neighbors - constituent entities of Russia - major transport routes - natural resources Lesson topic: Population and economy of the Volga region Lesson topic: Population and economy of the Volga region
The Volga region is the most populated and developed region of Russia. The average density is 3 times higher than in Russia. About 17 million people live in it, 70% of the population are Russians, 16% Chuvash, 5% Mordovians, Mari. The population is growing rapidly, but not due to natural growth, but due to population migration.
KAZAN KAZAN, the capital of the Republic of Tatarstan, is located on the left bank of the river. Volga, at the confluence of the Kazanka River, 797 km east of Moscow. Population 1108.1 thousand people. (2004). Founded in the City since 1708.
SAMARA SAMARA SAMARA (in the city of Kuibyshev), the center of the Samara region, is located on the left bank of the river. Volga, in its middle course, at the confluence of the Volga river. Samara, 1098 km east of Moscow. Population 1152.2 thousand people. (2004). Founded in the City of SAMARA (in the city of Kuibyshev), the center of the Samara region, located on the left bank of the river. Volga, in its middle course, at the confluence of the Volga river. Samara, 1098 km east of Moscow. Population 1152.2 thousand people. (2004). Founded in the City since 1688.
VOLGOGRAD VOLGOGRAD VOLGOGRAD (until 1925 Tsaritsyn, until 1961 Stalingrad), the center of the Volgograd region, is located on the river. The Volga, 1073 km southeast of Moscow, stretches 100 km along its right bank. VOLGOGRAD (until 1925 Tsaritsyn, until 1961 Stalingrad), the center of the Volgograd region, is located on the river. The Volga, 1073 km southeast of Moscow, stretches 100 km along its right bank. Population 1025.9 thousand people. (2004). Founded in a city with a hero city with a population of 1025.9 thousand people. (2004). Founded in the City with Hero City since 1965.
The region's specialization is mechanical engineering, mechanical engineering, structural materials, structural materials, fuel and energy complex, fuel and energy complex, agro-industrial. agro-industrial. ? Analyze applications 4, 5 p. 392, identify areas of specialization. The core of the economy is represented by several closely interconnected intersectoral complexes:
Mechanical engineering (analysis of table 63, p. 277). The leading sector of the economy, factories are concentrated in industrial hubs - Samara, Saratov, Volgograd, etc. The main products are cars (VAZ in Togliatti), all-terrain vehicles (UAZ in Ulyanovsk), trolleybuses (Engels).
KKM – chemical industry. Represented by mining and chemistry, mining of sulfur, table salt, chemistry of organic synthesis, production and processing of polymer materials. Large centers - Tolyatti, Volzhsky, Samara. KKM – chemical industry. Represented by mining and chemistry, mining of sulfur, table salt, chemistry of organic synthesis, production and processing of polymer materials. Large centers - Tolyatti, Volzhsky, Samara.
The project was aimed at solving several problems: 1) energy; 2) transport; 3) irrigation of dry areas; 4) water supply to industry and population. Only the energy problem of the Greater Volga Problems was successfully solved. 279, section “Attention”
Consolidation of the studied material Complexes Main production Centers Homework: paragraphs 56, 57. Homework: paragraphs 56, 57. Rubric “Attention”, problems of the “Big Volga”. Rubric “Attention”, problems of the “Big Volga”. Draw up a contour map of the “Automotive industry of the Volga region” p. 276, 1. Draw up a contour map of the “Automotive industry of the Volga region” p. 276, 1. Creative work: making a presentation about any republic or Volga region. Creative work: making a presentation about any republic or region of the Volga region. Economy of the Volga region.
Consolidation of the studied material. Homework: paragraphs 56, 57. Rubric “Attention”, problems of the “Big Volga”. Draw up a contour map of the “Automotive industry of the Volga region” p. 276, 1. Creative work: making a presentation about any republic or region of the Volga region. Economy of the Volga region.
Picture 33 from the presentation “Population of the Volga Region” for geography lessons on the topic “Volga region”Dimensions: 960 x 720 pixels, format: jpg. To download a free picture for a geography lesson, right-click on the image and click “Save image as...”. To display pictures in the lesson, you can also download for free the entire presentation “Population of the Volga Region.ppt” with all the pictures in a zip archive. The archive size is 1785 KB.
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“Tatars” - You can find out about the well-being of the family by wearing a camisole. In women's costume, much attention is paid to the camisole (vest). What do Tatars and Mongols have in common? Camisoles embroidered with silver coins and jewelry were considered rich. So, after all, they are Tatars, not Mongols. There were two types of skullcaps: festive and everyday.
"Tatars people" - Traditional housing. Western (Mishar). The female half of the house. Peoples Krasnoyarsk Territory. Kubyz. Volga-Urals. Gate of the Tatar house. Goal: National cuisine. Kullama and bishbarmak were common meat dishes. Tatar villages (auls) were mainly located along rivers. Tatar language.
“Population of the Volga Region” - The list of the 100 largest machine-building enterprises in Russia includes 16 plants in the Volga region. Republic of Kalmykia. The average density is 3 times higher than in Russia. The region's agro-industrial complex is represented by developed agricultural and processing industries. Founded in 1177. Volgograd. The population is growing rapidly, but not due to natural growth, but due to population migration.
“Volga Region” - Along with the Urals, the Volga region ensures the economic integrity of the country and connects the Eastern and Western economic zones of the country. Volga region. Length 3500 km. Economic zoning of Russia. The Volga region is one of the most populated and multinational regions of Russia. Baskunchak is a salty self-sedating lake in the Astrakhan region east of the Volga near Mount Bolshoye Bogdo.
“Povolzhsky region” - The Volga region uses both its own fuel and energy raw materials and imported ones. The total territory is about 536 thousand km?. The share of thermal power plants in the total electricity production is approximately 3/5. More active use of excess fuel in the eastern regions is expected.
“Peoples of the Volga region” - The anthropological type of the Chuvash combines Caucasoid and Mongoloid elements. Tatars. The author of the work is Pavel Karimov, a 5th grade student at the Oktyabrsky Municipal Educational Institution. Germans. 16.5 thousand people of Mordovian nationality live in the Saratov region. By the mid-19th century, a number of ethnographic groups had formed among Russians.
There are 19 presentations in total
We present to your attention a video lesson on the topic “Volga region. Population and economy". With its help you can learn about the Volga region. The teacher will talk about the peculiarities of the formation of the population of this region, its economy, industry, problems and development prospects.
Volga region is cosmopolitan area. Everywhere, except Kalmykia and Tataria, Russians predominate. They make up about 70% of the population. The share of Tatars is large, it is about 16%, the Chuvash and Mordovians occupy about 5%. At the end of the 18th century. Germans began to move here from Germany and founded the Volga Republic. During the Great Patriotic War the republic was liquidated, and the settlers were forcibly sent to Kazakhstan or Siberia. Before the revolution, the Volga region was an agricultural region. Only 14% of the population lived in cities. Now city dwellers predominate, making up more than 74%. There are 90 cities in the Volga region, 3 of which millionaire cities: Samara, Kazan, Volgograd, and recently Saratov is striving for the millionth mark.
Sabantuy
Kazan Tatars celebrated sowing in the spring Sabantuy(Fig. 2). This holiday did not have an exact date, everything depended on natural conditions, namely on the intensity of snow melting and the readiness of the soil for sowing spring crops.
Rice. 2. Sabantuy ()
Holiday action took place in squares where there were many competitions and various fun games. Games of modern Sabantuy traditional: climbing a pole, running in bags, tug-of-war, lifting weights, running with full buckets of water on a yoke, fighting on a deck with straw bags, running with a spoon in the mouth, beating pots with eyes closed and various competitions, for example, the beautiful Sabantuya and horse racing. The folk feast lasts for several hours and ends with an unforgettable ritual: a lap of honor around Batyr Square with a ram on his shoulders, accompanied by girls.
Core of the economy The region is represented by closely related inter-industry complexes: mechanical engineering, structural materials, fuel and energy and agro-industrial (Fig. 3).
Rice. 3. Map of industrial areas of the Volga region ()
Mechanical engineering- a leading sector of the economy. The factories are concentrated in industrial hubs: Kazan, Naberezhnye Chelny (KAMAZ plant), Samara, Togliatti, Ulyanovsk (Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant), Engels (trolleybus production), Volgograd, etc.
The Volga region is one of the main regions Russian Federation on production aviation technology. Aircraft are manufactured in Kazan, Samara, and Saratov. Helicopter Manufacturing Center - Kazan.
Large centers chemical industry are the cities of Togliatti, Volzhsky, Samara. A gas chemical complex was created on the basis of the Astrakhan gas condensate field. The largest petrochemical hub is Samara. The cities are located here: Samara, Novokuibyshevsk, Chapaevsk. The Nizhnekamsk Petrochemical Plant is Russia's largest rubber producer. The country's largest tire factory is also located here. The chemical industry of the Volga region uses both its own raw materials (oil, gas, sulfur) and imported ones (oil from Western Siberia).
Fuel energy complex The Volga region is represented by the Volzhskaya hydroelectric power station, a variety of thermal power plants and the Balakovo nuclear power plant, which is located in the Saratov region.
Agro-industrial complex The Volga region is of national importance. The region ranks first in the production of meat, flour, cereals, cultivation of tomatoes and watermelons, as well as the catch of sturgeon fish. The region provides a quarter of the gross grain harvest. This is the 1st place in Russia. It also excels in growing sunflowers, rice, mustard, etc.
IN Food Industry The most prominent are the flour-grinding, oil-processing and meat industries, which are located in transport hubs. The main center of the fishing industry is the city of Astrakhan.
OJSC AvtoVAZ
"AvtoVAZ"- Russian automobile manufacturing company, the largest manufacturer of passenger cars in Russia and Eastern Europe. Previously called the Volzhsky Automobile Plant and released VAZ cars with the names: “Zhiguli”, “Niva”, “Sputnik”, “Samara”, “Oka” (Fig. 4).
Rice. 4. VAZ cars ()
Currently produces cars under the Lada brand (Fig. 5), in addition, it supplies other manufacturers with vehicle kits for the production of cars of the VAZ, Lada, and Oka brands. The headquarters is located in the city of Tolyatti (Samara region).
Rice. 5. Car Lada Granta ()
Fish market in Astrakhan
Astrakhan fish market- this is the main center of trade in fish delicacies (Fig. 6).
Rice. 6. Astrakhan fish market ()
Here you can find all types of fish for which this region is famous. Present on the market inhabitants local reservoirs: sturgeon, sterlet, beluga. Simpler smoked fish are popular among buyers: silver carp or catfish. You can also find fish such as pike and saberfish. Delicious sturgeon caviar is also widely represented.
Bibliography
1. Customs E.A. Geography of Russia: economy and regions: 9th grade, textbook for students educational institutions. - M.: Ventana-Graf, 2011.
2. Fromberg A.E. Economic and social geography. - 2011, 416 p.
3. Atlas of economic geography, grade 9. - Bustard, 2012.
2. Internet portal "Teaching Geography" ()
3. Internet portal "Bibliofond" ()
Homework
1. Tell us about the population of the Volga region.
2. Prepare a report on the economy and industry of the Volga region.
3. Write an essay-reflection on the topic: “How do I see the Volga region in the future. Development prospects".
Page 3
But the automotive industry especially stands out in the Volga region. The Volga region has long been rightfully called the “automotive workshop” of the country. There are all the necessary prerequisites for the development of this industry: the area is located in a zone of concentration of the main consumers of products, is well provided with a transport network, the level of development industrial complex allows you to organize broad cooperation connections.
71% of passenger cars and 17% of trucks in Russia are manufactured in the Volga region. Among the mechanical engineering centers the largest are:
Samara (machine tool building, production of bearings, aircraft manufacturing, production of automotive and tractor equipment, mill-elevator equipment, etc.);
Saratov (machine tool building, production of oil and gas chemical equipment, diesel engines, bearings, etc.);
Volgograd (tractor building, shipbuilding, production of equipment for the petrochemical industry, etc.);
Togliatti (VAZ complex of enterprises - leading in the country's automotive industry).
Important centers of mechanical engineering are Kazan and Penza (precision engineering), Syzran (equipment for the energy and petrochemical industries), Engels (90% of trolleybus production in the Russian Federation).
The Volga region is one of the main regions of Russia for the production of aerospace equipment.
LITERATURE
1. “Geography. Population and economy of Russia,” V.Ya. Rom, V.P. Dronov. Bustard, 1998
2. “Preparing for the exam in geography”, I.I. Barinova, V.Ya. Rom, V.P. Dronov. Iris, 1998
3. " Economical geography Russia", I.A. Rodionova. "Moscow Lyceum", 1998
4. “Economic geography of Russia”, uch. edited by IN AND. Vidyapina. Infra-M, 1999
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