Presentations on research activities. Student research activities, presentation on the topic. Don't let bananas grow here
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How is a research paper different from an abstract?
Abstract (German Referat, from Latin refere - to report, report) is a written report or speech on a specific topic, which summarizes information from one or more sources. Abstracts can be a statement of the content of a scientific work, a fiction book, etc.
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Study -
(English investigation/research/study/survey; German Forschung) A type of systematic cognitive activity aimed at obtaining new knowledge, information, etc., to study certain problems based on special standardized methods (experiment, observation, etc. .).
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Project method - problem method
The project method originated in the second half of the 19th century, the founder was the idealist philosopher John Dewey. The word “project” (literally translated from Latin - “thrown forward”) is interpreted in dictionaries as “a plan, idea, text or drawing of something that precedes its creation.” This interpretation was further developed: “A project is a prototype, a prototype of an object, type of activity, etc., and design turns into the process of creating a project.”
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Basic elements of the structure of a research work
Title page Contents Introduction Chapter I. Theoretical part Chapter II. Research part (the number of chapters may vary, depending on the tasks set in the work) Conclusion List of references Appendices (if necessary)
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Introduction
Relevance of the work; - Objective; - objectives of the research work (usually as many chapters as there are as many tasks); - object (what is being studied); - subject (field of study of the object); - hypothesis; - research methods; - literature review.
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Main part
The chapters of the main part of the research work discuss in detail the research methodology and technique and summarize the results. All mathematics that is not vital for understanding the solution to a scientific problem are included in appendices.
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Conclusion
This part of the work plays the role of an ending, a conclusion. In conclusion, the author indicates whether he achieved the goal of the work, whether the hypothesis he put forward was confirmed? The final part assumes the presence of a generalized final assessment of the work done. At the same time, it is important to indicate what its main meaning is, what important scientific results have been obtained.
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At the end of the work there is a list of references used. The text of the work may contain links to one or another scientific source. The annex contains supporting or additional materials. If necessary, additional tables, graphs, drawings, etc. can be provided.
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Relevance
To determine the relevance, it is necessary to assess the theoretical and practical significance of the topic, for which it is necessary to answer the following. questions: Why is this topic interesting not only to the author of the work, but also to other people. Why is this topic important now, at this time? Maybe this topic is poorly researched, maybe it directly concerns the author, maybe it’s related to the events that are happening in the world, in the country, or even in our school. It is important to prove the significance of the chosen topic.
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The purpose of the study is formulated taking into account the stated topic and is usually contained in the topic itself. The purpose of the work must clearly correspond to the topic of the work. The purpose of the research work must be formulated clearly and clearly, it must be specific and feasible. Based on the goal, the objectives of the research work are put forward. Objectives should explain how we will achieve our goal step by step.
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A hypothesis must be predictive and predict scientific or practical contribution. Key words: “The research hypothesis is based on the assumption that...” hypothesis, i.e. the author's assumption about what results can be achieved during the research work. And already in the course of the research work, the hypothesis is either confirmed or refuted by the researcher. The hypothesis should not be too simple or primitive.
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Research methods
Empirical (experimental) methods: - observation - measurement - description - experiment General logical (theoretical) methods: - analysis - analogy - synthesis - comparison - generalization - modeling Methods: - survey - conducting experiments - questioning - content analysis - interviewing - and others
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A literature review is not a mechanical rewriting of phrases from different books and articles. Information obtained from the literature must be modified in the words of the author. In the review, you must show that you are familiar with the area of research from several sources, that you are setting a new problem, and not “reinventing the wheel”, doing what has been done before you a long time ago. Key phrases: “Analysis of literature on the issues...” “The content of this issue is most fully disclosed in the works of... (last names)”
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Research work. What is a research paper? Research ".". Research paper on the topic. Research competition. Research work on local history. Research methodology. Educational and research project. Research project "Snow Maiden". Research creative project.
Educational and research work of students. Research work of teacher and students. Organization of educational and research work. Research methods and techniques. Competition of creative and research works. Creative research paper on the topic. Research work “The Secret of the Name.” What is a Rainbow (Research Paper).
Research work Topic: “Bears”. Research project. Research work "Guinea pigs". How to prepare a research paper presentation. “About our names” Research project. Research project “I remember. Research work on the topic: “What is in your name.
Research work on the topic: “Palm oil.” Research work on the topic “Ornament”. Research work on the topic: “Computer slang.” Research project. Research work “Where we come from. Research paper on the topic: Why we play Lego. Research project “My Native Street”.
Detailed plan for creating a research paper.
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Materials for assistance in organizing research activities of the Municipal Educational Institution Uysko-Chebarkulskaya Secondary School Panacheva I.E.
RESEARCH ACTIVITY Research activity is understood as the activity of students associated with finding an answer to a creative, research problem with a known solution in advance and presupposing the presence of the main stages characteristic of research in the scientific field: setting a problem, studying a theory related to the chosen topic, putting forward a research hypothesis, selection of methods and practical mastery of them, collection of own material, its analysis and generalization, own conclusions. Any research, no matter in what field of natural sciences or humanities it is carried out, has a similar structure. Such a chain is an integral part of research activity, the norm for its conduct.
1. Preparatory stage: 1.Selection of an approximate topic (title) of the work, which sets the direction of the research. The topic is finally formulated when preparing materials for the presentation. It reflects the essence of the work performed. 2. Determination of the purpose of the work. Allows the student to imagine exactly what he is going to do and what to achieve when performing the work. The goal may change during the execution of the work, but at each specific moment it is clearly defined. To be completed in writing. 3.Selection of the research object, formation of an experimental and control group. Determined by the purpose of the work, real opportunities. Justified from the point of view of the possibility of obtaining reliable results. 4.Formulation of a working hypothesis. Identification of specific tasks, the solution of which will allow achieving the goal. Strictly related to the stated goal of the work. Determine the stages of work. Allow the student to move consistently, rather than chaotically, towards achieving the goal. Deciphering the individual stages of individual research work:
2. Main stage: 1. Search and study of literature on the research topic. Allows you to understand what is already known within the chosen scientific topic, understand the basic terms and concepts, and compare the views of different authors on the problem. 2. Formation of the chapter: “Literature review.” Strictly structured, logical. Contains only information directly related to the topic of the work. Closely related to the purpose of the work. Contains links to used literary sources. 3. Selection of research methods. Determined by the purpose of the work and the available material and technical base. The number of experiments is justified from the point of view of obtaining reliable results. 4.Carrying out your own research. Analysis of the results obtained. Conducting an experiment or other elements of analysis. Construction of graphs, tables, etc. Comparison of the obtained results with literature data. Determining the reliability of the results obtained. Determining directions for further work. 5.Preparation of a report on the work done in the form of a scientific article. Contains the following sections: introduction to the purpose of the work; chapter: “literature review”; chapter: “materials and methods”; chapter: “results and their discussion” conclusions; list of used literature. 6. Conclusions – strictly structured, succinctly presented results of your own research. Answer the question formulated in the purpose of the work. 7.Preparation of work for presentation Determined by the requirements of the conference or publication where it is planned to present the work.
A typical situation for research activities is when both the teacher and the student become, as it were, “hand in hand” (in contrast to the traditional scheme, where the student and teacher are separated on opposite sides - teaching and being taught, speaking and listening, checking and being tested), the student feels in the teacher, a colleague, an assistant, a mentor. At the same time, the “colleague-colleague” connection is realized. The most important condition for the implementation of student research activities is the individual work of the teacher with the student in a given subject area, associated with mastering the methodology, collecting experimental material and discussing it. At this stage, a very important point arises in correlating the level of the task with the capabilities of the student, monitoring his own assessment of the progress of the work. Thus, research activity involves personal communication between teacher and student. And in the process of personal communication, there is inevitably a departure from the scope of the subject under study. As a result, the second characteristic functional connection is realized - “spiritual mentor - junior comrade”, through which value orientations and moral attitudes are transmitted from teacher to student, which ensures a high educational effect of research activities.
This means that the main goal is to develop the student’s personality, and not to obtain an objectively new result, as in “big” science. If in science the main goal is the production of new knowledge, then in education the goal of research activity is to acquire the functional skill of research as a universal way of mastering reality, developing the ability for a research type of thinking, and activating the student’s personal position in the educational process based on the acquisition of subjectively new knowledge ( i.e. independently acquired knowledge that is new and personally significant for a particular student).
Specifics of implementing research tasks at school. Important restrictions are imposed on the topic, nature and volume of research by the requirements of developmental psychology. Adolescence is characterized by a still low general educational level, an unformed worldview, an underdeveloped ability for independent analysis, and poor concentration. Excessive volume of work and its specialization, which lead to withdrawal into a narrow subject area, can be detrimental to general education and development, which is by far the main task at this age. Therefore, not every research task brought from science is suitable for implementation in educational institutions. Such tasks must satisfy certain requirements, on the basis of which it is possible to establish general principles for designing student research tasks in various fields of knowledge.
Classification of creative works of students in the field of natural sciences and humanities and their types: Problem-abstract - creative works written on the basis of several literary sources, involving a comparison of data from different sources and, on the basis of this, one’s own interpretation of the problem posed. Experimental - creative works written on the basis of an experiment described in science and having a known result. They are rather illustrative in nature, suggesting independent interpretation of the characteristics of the result depending on changes in the initial conditions. Naturalistic and descriptive - creative works aimed at observing and qualitatively describing a phenomenon. May have an element of scientific novelty. A distinctive feature is the lack of correct research methodology. One type of naturalistic work is work with a socio-ecological orientation. Recently, apparently, another lexical meaning of the term “ecology” has appeared, denoting a social movement aimed at combating anthropogenic environmental pollution. Works done in this genre often lack a scientific approach. Research is creative work performed using a scientifically correct methodology, having its own experimental material obtained using this methodology, on the basis of which analysis and conclusions are made about the nature of the phenomenon being studied. A feature of such work is the uncertainty of the results that research can produce. A student research project is a statement of fact, confirmation of a hypothesis.
Structure of the research work Title of the topic Brief justification of the relevance of the topic (what needs and contradictions in practice necessitate the organization of this particular study). Subject of study. Purpose of the study Hypothesis (a detailed assumption that sets out in as much detail as possible the model, future methodology, system of measures, innovation, due to which high efficiency is expected to be achieved. Objectives. Methods and specific research techniques (types of questionnaires, tests, experimental didactic material, maps, graphs, statistical data). Timing of the study (start time, time of expected completion). Evaluation criteria. Forecast: a) positive results; 6) possible losses; c) thinking through compensation. Form for presenting the results of the experiment (abstract, presentation, publication, Web site) Conclusions (relationship between the hypothesis and the result obtained).
CONCLUSIONS Theoretical and practical significance of the study and its novelty. It is revealed how the results of the research (experiment) influence the development of the theory, what practical value they have and what new, previously unknown facts were discovered in the process of the research (experiment). Implementation of research results into practice (replication or dissemination). It is shown how the results of the work carried out were reported at conferences, seminars, meetings, and reflected in publications. The following basic requirements are imposed on the report: clarity of construction, logical sequence of presentation of the material, convincing argumentation, brevity and clarity of wording, specific presentation of the results of the work, evidence of conclusions and validity of recommendations .
Research methods: The cartographic research method is an analysis of the geographical conditions of the state using a map. The statistical method is a method for studying the quantitative side of mass social and other phenomena and processes. The statistical method makes it possible to characterize in digital terms the ongoing changes in social processes. The analytical method of research is the analysis of an array of information on any subject or issue. The comparative method of research is the conduct of research by comparing two or more objects with each other. The project method as a means of organizing research activities. students.
Student research activity is an educational technology that involves students solving a research, creative problem under the guidance of a specialist, during which the following stages are implemented (regardless of the field of study): Study of theoretical material Identification of the problem, setting goals and objectives of the study Formulation of a working hypothesis Mastering the research methodology Collection own experimental material Processing of material Generalization, analysis, conclusions Presentation of research work
Presentation of Research Presentation of research is critical throughout the work. The presence of standards of presentation is a characteristic attribute of research activity and is expressed quite strictly in contrast, for example, to activities in the field of art. There are several such standards in science: abstract, scientific article, oral report, dissertation, monograph, popular article. Each of the standards defines the nature of the language, volume, and structure. When presenting, the leader and student must, from the very beginning, decide on the genre in which he is working and strictly follow its requirements. The most popular genres at modern youth conferences are abstracts, articles, and reports. Moreover, these forms may not contain research works, but, for example, abstracts or descriptive works.
Planning the content of the student’s presentation The general goal of conducting independent research by students within the framework of the project: ___ The problem identified by the student for conducting independent research: ___ What questions of the educational topic will the student answer in his research:__ What stages and results of the research can be presented in the student’s presentation: ____ How the methods (analysis or evaluation, interpretation, comparison, development, etc.) on the basis of which the student’s research is carried out can be presented in the presentation:___ List of additional resources that can be used when creating a presentation (Internet resources, multimedia encyclopedias, textbooks etc.):___ To achieve the objectives set in the educational project, the student’s presentation will include the following:____ Title of the presentation (within the framework of the fundamental issue) of the individual research of the student (or group of students): ___ Name and surname of the author (authors) of the presentation : ____ Brief description of the goals and objectives of the research that a specific participant (group of students) is solving within the framework of the project: _____ Hypothesis that was the basis for the independent research: __ Quote on the research topic: ___ Main results obtained by this participant (group of students) in result of work in the project:____ Analysis or evaluation:__ Interpretation: ___ Comparison/contrast: ___ Development: ___ Links to information resources used in the study and descriptions of websites necessary for independent research of a student (group of students): ___ List of used literature :____-_________________________________________
Presentation script: 1 slide. Research topic. Authors. 2 slide. Purpose of the study. 3 slide. Research objectives. 4 slide. Progress of work: Description of work. Intermediate results. Tables. Charts. (n number of slides) n+1 slide. Conclusion on the work (consider the goal) n+ 2 slide. List of resources. n+ 3 slide. Thanks to those who participated in the project
Forms of organizing students' research activities Elements of research within academic subjects Subjects within the basic component Elective courses - school component Additional education groups Excursion Integrated program of general and additional education Hiking or expedition Conference or competition Club or youth association
Knowledge that is not born of experience, the mother of all reliability, is fruitless and full of errors. Leonardo da Vinci
Internet resources on research problems: www. researcher ru Portal of student research activities with the participation of: House of Scientific and Technical Creativity of Youth MGDD(Yu)T, Lyceum 1553 "Lyceum on Donskoy", Representative Office of Intel Corporation in Russia, "Phystech Center" of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. Texts on the methodology and methods of research activities of student scientists and teachers from Moscow and other cities of Russia, research works of schoolchildren are published, network projects are organized, and links to other Internet resources are provided. www. vernadsky. dnttm. ru website of the All-Russian Competition for Youth Research Works named after. V.I.Vernadsky. Russian and English versions. Regulatory documents on the competition, recommendations for participation in it, and children's research papers are published. An on-line registration system for reviewers has been organized; each site visitor can write a review or review of the selected work. www. issl. dnttm. ru website of the journal “Schoolchildren’s Research Work”. The main materials of the project, selected texts, and subscription information are published. www. konkurs. dnttm. ru review of research and scientific-practical youth conferences, seminars, competitions, etc. On-line posting of normative documents on competitions from everyone is organized. www.subscribe. dnttm. ru distribution of news and information on various problems and events within the framework of the student research activity system (in development) based on materials from V.A. Leontovich. A manual for developing a methodological map for organizing research work for schoolchildren. – http://www.iteach.ru/metodika.esp.
Tsygvintsev Sergey (1st grade)
Presentations about your favorite book, about snow research, and also work about dental care.
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2013 MY FAVORITE BOOK Completed by a 1st grade student of the Redkinsky secondary school Municipal Budgetary Educational Institution Sergey Tsygvintsev
All people love to read fairy tales in childhood. There are also adults who secretly read colorful children's books from their children, but fairy tales are still a favorite pastime for children. Every child has his own favorite book and his favorite fairy-tale character. My favorite book is called “The Magical World of Fairy Tales.” It contains famous Russian folk tales and tales of foreign writers. They teach goodness, justice, courage.
My favorite writer is Charles Perrault. I recently read his fairy tale “Puss in Boots”.
Puss in Boots is one of my favorite fairy tales. I personally, for example, liked such a resourceful and talented cat. Which, moreover, makes its owner rich. I think each of us would like to have such a personal cat. Well, while he is gone, all that remains is to dream and believe in miracles, which sometimes occur in real life.
Even if the fairy tale is fiction and a lie, But here you will read between the lines, That you will confidently enter life only through the school threshold. A transparent ray of sunshine will pave your path in the world, And life is based on what, You will understand when you wake up at dawn!
Thank you for your attention!
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Design and research work on the topic: “Why should you brush your teeth?” Completed by: 1st grade student of the MBOU Redkinsky secondary school Sergey Tsygvintsev 2013
Purpose of work: Understand why you need to brush your teeth and how toothpaste affects tooth enamel. Object of study: oral cavity, toothpaste. Subject of the study: the effect of “Drakosha” toothpaste on tooth enamel. Objectives: - Study the structure and composition of the tooth - Find out the types of teeth - Rules for brushing teeth and oral care products. - Conduct a survey and experiment. - Draw conclusions. Research methods: - collect information about toothpastes - conduct an experiment.
Statement of the problem One day the day came to an end. I was tired, but my mother insisted that I need to brush my teeth. I thought: Why do you need to brush your teeth? Why is the toothpaste sold in the store different and how does the paste affect tooth enamel? I decided to find the answers to these questions myself.
The concept of a tooth A tooth is a bone formation located in the human oral cavity that performs the functions of grasping, holding food, and mechanically processing it - chewing. Week 1: I decided to read books and articles on the Internet on my topic to understand what teeth are like. And here's what I found out:
Composition of the tooth The root of the tooth (3) is located in a special recess in the jaw. The main function of the root is to attach the tooth to the jaw. The neck of the tooth (2) separates the root from the crown. The neck begins where the enamel layer ends. The crown of the tooth (1) normally protrudes above the edge of the gum. The crown is covered with enamel, the hardest, chewing part of the tooth. In the crown of the tooth there is a cavity of the tooth, which passes into the dental canal.
Types of Teeth Human teeth are not all the same in shape and function. In the front part of the mouth there are incisors - teeth with a cutting edge that perform the function of biting food. On the sides of the incisors are fangs - cone-shaped teeth designed for tearing off pieces of food. Next are the small molars (premolars) and the large molars (molars). These teeth are larger. They have a chewing surface and have more than one root. On the chewing surface of such teeth there are depressions called fissures. These teeth crush and grind food.
Rules for brushing teeth The toothbrush should move along the tooth from top to bottom Don’t forget to clean the inside of the tooth Be sure to clean the space between the teeth Gently brush the back (molars) teeth.
Dental care products Modern dental and oral care products, according to their purpose, can be systematized into groups presented in the diagram. Means for mechanical cleaning of teeth include: - toothbrushes; - interdental products: toothpicks, dental floss, tapes, brushes; - toothpastes, powders; - dental elixirs (rinses).
Survey results As a result of the survey, I found out that 90% (18 out of 20 people) of my classmates regularly brush their teeth 2 times a day (morning and evening). The survey showed that the children in our class use various toothpastes, but they all belong to the type of children's toothpastes. Colgate Hare paste is used by 20% (4 people) of students, preference for Smeshariki paste is given by 10% (2 people), New Pearl and Moe Solnyshko paste was chosen by 15% (3 people) of respondents. The least popular paste in the class is “Aquafresh”. It is used by 1 person in the class (2%). The majority of my classmates, according to the survey - 25% (5 people), use Drakosha toothpaste.
Week 3: Conducting an experiment After studying theoretical information and conducting a survey in class, I decided to conduct an experiment and find out in practice how “Drakosha” toothpaste affects tooth enamel and protects it from harmful acids. For the experiment, I took: 2 chicken eggs 2 containers Acetic acid (9%) Citric acid (9%) Drakosha toothpaste Toothbrush
Experiment 1) Separate the eggs in half with an adhesive plaster 2) Apply toothpaste to one of the egg halves 3) Place one egg in acetic acid and the other in citric acid.
Observations I observed that, under the influence of acids, bubbles appeared on the untreated halves of the shell. As a result, after 5-6 hours the untreated halves of the eggs became soft, while those treated with Drakosha toothpaste remained hard. Based on this, I concluded that acids destroy tooth enamel. Toothpaste containing fluoride and calcium strengthens tooth enamel.
Conclusions and conclusions After conducting research, I realized several rules that must be followed: 1) You need to brush your teeth with a toothbrush and toothpaste every day: in the morning after breakfast and in the evening before bed 2) The toothbrush needs to be rinsed thoroughly. Do not store it in a closed case. The brush needs to be changed periodically. 3) You need to use special children's toothpastes. And choose the one that suits you best. 4) Don't forget to visit your dentist twice a year, even if your teeth don't hurt. 5) After each meal, you should rinse your mouth with water. If you don’t have this opportunity, use chewing gum, but not for long! If you follow these simple rules for oral care, your smile will always be snow-white and your teeth healthy. Despite the fact that I have learned a lot about how to properly and why you need to brush your teeth and what toothpastes to use, my research does not end there. In the future, I would like to look at the question of why do teeth hurt? What is caries and how to fight it?
We brush, brush our teeth and live happily. And for those who don’t brush them, We sing a song: - Hey, don’t yawn, Don’t forget about your teeth, From bottom to top, from top to bottom Don’t be lazy about brushing your teeth.
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Design and research work on the topic: “Why is snow white?” 2012 Completed by: 1st grade student of the MBOU Redkinsky secondary school Tsygvintsev Sergey
White fluffy snow swirls in the air and quietly falls to the ground and lies down. And in the morning the Field turned white with snow, as if everything had been covered with a shroud.
Statement of the problem Winter has come. It became cold outside. One morning I woke up and looked out the window. I saw that everything around me: the ground, trees, roofs of houses, became white. It was the first snow. I wondered: Why is snow always white?
how I conducted the research 1 day I read books on the topic. I decided to test my guess that the white color of snow is associated with the reflection of light.
I learned from books: -each snowflake is a small piece of ice -snowflakes lie differently -snowflakes reflect light in different directions
How I conducted the experiments. Day 2 Experiment 1. I took a glass, a piece of polyethylene, and scissors. The whole piece of polyethylene is transparent.
Then I cut it into small pieces and put it in a glass. Each piece is a model of a snowflake. Result: “Snow” in a white glass.
Experiment 2. I poured water into a glass and put it in the freezer. After some time, the water froze and turned into transparent ice.
Broke it into small pieces. It turned white.
Conclusion. From experiments I understood: polyethylene and a piece of ice are transparent. Light passes through them without being reflected. Pieces of polyethylene and ice lie differently and reflect light in different directions. Conclusion. Snow is white because each snowflake reflects light in different directions. Light, as scientists say, “scatters.” This is how the color turns out to be white.
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Completed by: 3rd grade student of the Redkinsky secondary school Daria Maltseva Project work “Chocolate: benefit or harm”
Purpose of the study: to study the question of the positive and negative effects of chocolate on the human body. Objectives: 1. To get acquainted with the history of chocolate. 2. Collect information about the dangers and benefits of chocolate. 3. Establish the effect of chocolate on human health. 4. Study the composition of chocolate.
The history of chocolate began a long time ago, more than 500 years ago. Christopher Columbus brought cocoa beans to King Ferdinand from his expedition to the New World.
Chocolate comes in different varieties; it is made from chocolate mass with the addition of milk. They produce chocolate in the form of bars, bars and other shapes with various fillings: nut, cream, milk and butter.
Benefit. 1. Chocolate gives energy to a person. 2. Rich in sugar and fat. 3. Contains potassium and magnesium And chocolate is also good for the heart; doctors have found that cocoa beans contain substances that have a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system. There is such a belief that chocolate is harmful to teeth. Chocolate is not harmful to teeth because cocoa prevents the destruction of tooth enamel.
1. There are several chemicals in chocolate that make it addictive, such as caffeine. 2. Sweets can also cause stomach pain, heartburn and nausea. Harm.
Conclusion. Moderate consumption of chocolate has a beneficial effect on humans. Chocolate contains beneficial substances that have a positive effect on the functioning of the body, but excess of these substances can harm the body.
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REDKINSKAYA secondary school Research work. “What do our names mean?” Komissarova Tatyana 3rd grade Tavlikhanova Natalya Nikolaevna G. Bor, 2015
Goal: to understand the mystery of the name and how it affects a person’s fate. Objectives: -to study the history of the appearance of my name; -learn the meanings of your classmates’ names; -learn to implement the results obtained.
Riddle - what belongs only to you, but others use it more often? This is a mystery about the name. A name is an integral part of personality. To touch a name means to touch a person. A person’s name carries a wealth of information and provides answers to numerous questions. In which profession are the natural inclinations of a future citizen most fully revealed? How will the relationship be with the family? How will he raise his children?
The name reveals a person’s character and can influence a person’s fate and choice of future profession. Since ancient times, humanity has been sensitive to the name. As a rule, it testified to the purpose of the newborn, and by giving a name, they counted on the patronage and protection of God.
The source of many names that are still used today is the Bible, in which each name means something to a person. I learned that the names of my classmates mean the following: Angelina - angelic, Tatyana - founder, Valentin - healthy, Maxim - greatest, David - beloved, Augustine - blessed, Sergei - obedient, Anna - mistress, Anastasia - resurrecting, Mikhail - who knows God, Eugene is noble, Vladimir is to rule the world, Christina is a Christian, Daria is strong, Vasilisa is a queen, Kira is a mistress, Nikita is a winner, Alexander is a protector of people.
THE SECRET OF THE NAME TATYANA. What's in my name? My name is Tatyana. Mom and dad named me after the calendar, because I was born in January, when Tatyana’s name day is January 25. The planet Mars. Colors - yellow-green, sky blue, symbolizing the soul, red. The name Tatyana, of Greek origin, means “organizer.” The patroness of all Tatianas is Tatiana, who lived in the 3rd century AD. Tatiana dedicated her life to teaching Christianity. Executed during the persecution of faith. In Russia, Tatiana is considered the patroness of students, because on January 25, 1755, a decree was signed on the founding of Moscow University, and the university church received the name of the holy martyr Tatiana.
Church of the Great Martyr Tatiana in Moscow.
MEANING OF THE NAME TATYANA. From a very early age, Tatyana knows what she wants, does not tolerate objections, has an excellent memory, is charming, loves to receive guests, is successful in various fields, but gives preference to creative professions. In the natural world, its symbols are blueberries and lynx, and the name Tatyana corresponds to the number 3, which indicates talent, the world of art.
I learned that many famous people have the same name: Tatyana Samoilova - actress Tatyana Peltzer - actress Tatyana Tarasova - figure skating coach Tatyana Gorbunova - gymnast Tatyana Navka - figure skater Tatyana Plokhikh - the smallest woman in Russia height-81cm weight 11kg In our The school has 2 teachers named Tatyana.
After doing all this research, I learned a lot of interesting things, and now I know everything about my name, I realized that a person’s fate is closely connected with his name. I learned to find interesting information in different sources.
SOURCES. 1) Orthodox church calendar. 2) How to choose a name for your child B. Heeger. 3) Internet.
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I was interested in the question: What are the most common dental diseases? How to cure them? I set myself the goal of finding answers to these questions. Purpose of the work: 1) learn about the most common dental diseases; 2) study various ways to treat toothache. Object of study: oral cavity, onion peel tincture. Subject of research: treatment of caries with onion peel tincture. Objectives: - To study the concept of toothache. - Find out what dentistry is. - Learn about dental diseases such as caries, pulpitis, periodontitis and methods of their treatment. - Conduct a survey and experiment about the treatment of toothache. - Draw conclusions. Research methods: - collect information about dental diseases - conduct an experiment.
Toothache, like any other pain, is a protective function of the body, a kind of signal that not all is well with the teeth. Week 1: I decided to read books and articles on the Internet on my topic to understand what toothache is. And this is what I learned: Dentistry is a medical discipline that studies the organs of the oral cavity, their physiological and pathological conditions, and also deals with the prevention and treatment of diseases of these organs.
CARIES Dental caries is one of the most common diseases encountered in dental practice. 95% of the population has dental caries in one form or another. The main reasons for the occurrence and development of dental caries: poor oral hygiene (insufficient dental care and irregular brushing), irregular visits to the dentist, weak body immunity, poor nutrition (lack of vitamins, an abundance of foods containing sugar, lack of raw vegetables and fruits in the diet) low content calcium, fluorine and phosphorus in drinking water - the body's hereditary predisposition to caries. Depending on the stage of the disease, the following types of caries are distinguished: initial dental caries, superficial dental caries, medium dental caries, deep dental caries TREATMENT AND PREVENTION Hygienic teeth cleaning Balanced diet Regular visits to the dentist Tartar cleaning
PULPTIT Pulpitis is a dental disease associated with inflammation of the pulp (soft tissues of the tooth, including the dental nerve), which usually occurs as a result of advanced caries. The main causes of pulpitis are microbes and their metabolic products that penetrate to the nerve of the tooth from the carious cavity; various mechanical injuries to the tooth, as a result of which a significant part of the tooth breaks off or chips; exposure to temperature or chemical irritants often tooth pulpitis is a complication of caries, and can also be a consequence of incorrect actions by the doctor (poor quality fillings, exposure to chemicals).
Treatment and prevention of pulpitis TREATMENT AND PREVENTION Start treatment at the dentist earlier Timely treatment of caries Monitor oral hygiene TREATMENT AND PREVENTION
Periodontitis Periodontitis is an inflammation of the periodontium (dense connective tissues that hold the root of the tooth in its cell). Symptoms of periodontitis The first sign of periodontitis is bleeding gums when brushing your teeth and persistent bad breath. Unpleasant sensations can occur when eating food; the reaction of “ache in the gums” can be especially acute with cold or hot food. The symptoms distinguish between acute and chronic periodontitis. TREATMENT AND PREVENTION Maintaining oral hygiene Timely dental plaque removal Paying attention to your diet
Week 2: In-Class Research
Week 3: Conducting an experiment After studying theoretical information and conducting a survey in class, I decided to conduct an experiment and learn in practice how onion peel tincture helps in the treatment of caries. To prepare we need: Onion peels (3 teaspoons) Water (0.5 liters) Gauze or strainer for straining the broth Small saucepan
Experiment The sequence of my actions: Take half a liter of water and boil it in a kettle. After the water has boiled, take a pan, pour onion feathers into it and pour boiling water over it.
Experiment 3) After this, bring the resulting mixture to a boil. 4) Then strain the solution through cheesecloth and let it brew for eight hours. 5) The drug is ready for use.
Observations For a whole month, 2 times a day (morning and evening), I rinsed my teeth with a decoction of onion peels. After that, I went to see the dentist, and his answer about the condition of my oral cavity was very pleasing: on those teeth where there was initial caries, it went away. on those where it was deep, it remained unchanged because, according to the dentist, deep caries cannot be cured without the intervention of a doctor. CONCLUSIONS After conducting research, I realized several rules that must be followed: It is always better to prevent the occurrence of diseases than to deal with its consequences, this is a truism. It’s trivial, simple, and most effective - brush your teeth regularly. Chew sugarless gum. Avoid eating anything sticky or sweet. Visit your dentist regularly. In my next work, I will consider the topic of implants because nowadays, healthy teeth and a beautiful smile are an integral attribute of a person’s well-being and success in society.
References 1) Volkova Yu., Shapiro E., Lipovskaya I. Prevention of dental diseases. St. Petersburg: MEDI Publishing House LLC, 2008. 2) Drozhzhina V.A., Fedorov Yu.A., Blokhin V.P. The use of dental elixirs based on natural biologically active substances in the treatment and prevention of periodontal diseases // Dentistry. 1996. Special. issue 3) Home Medical Encyclopedia. Moscow “Medicine” 1993 4) Makeeva I.M. Dental diseases: caries, non-carious lesions, pulpitis, periodontitis: a textbook for students of dental faculties // Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 2007. 5) Ron I.G. Current issues in dentistry // Collection of scientific papers. [Sat. Art.] Ekaterinburg: Publishing House "Circulation", 2011. 6) www.pochemuchka.ru 7) http\www. Wikipedia.org 8) http\www. medicus.ru
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