Presentation on the topic of the first ruler of a unified China. Presentation for a history lesson "the first ruler of a unified China." Construction of the Great Wall of China
Preview:
Development of a lesson on the topic: Qin Shihuang - the first ruler of a united China.
Teacher – Rogova M.A. MOBU "Secondary School No. 1" Poikovsky town.
Target: formation of an idea about one of the stages of the historical development of Ancient China - the creation of a unified state.
Tasks:
educational:
– create an idea of Qin Shihuang, the first emperor of China, and his politics;
– teach to identify the causes of popular uprisings in China and their consequences;
Be able to highlight the features and characteristics of the Celestial Empire;
developing:
– improve skills in working with historical maps and chronology;
Search for the necessary information in the teacher’s story;
Summarize the material, summarize;
Evaluate the work of the class as a whole, evaluate your own activities;
educational:
Cultivating students’ aesthetic taste, desire for knowledge, and respect for the historical past;
To cultivate respect for the work and culture of ancient people.
Planned results:
Personal nurturing a sense of self- and mutual respect; development of cooperation when working in pairs; nurturing interest in history as a science.
Metasubject speech development; developing the ability to compare and generalize facts and concepts; development of independence among students; development of attentiveness when searching for errors.
Subject development of skills to work with a textbook, map, mastery of new concepts. Express judgments about the contribution of the culture of Ancient China to world culture. Characterize the living conditions and occupations of the population, the social system of Ancient China, and the position of representatives of various strata.
Lesson type: lesson of learning new material.
Teaching methods:explanatory-illustrative, problematic, heuristic, systemic-activity.
Forms of organization of students’ cognitive activity:collective, individual, pair work.
Mandatory minimum content: Qin Empire, Qin Shihuang, Great Wall of China.
Equipment: textbook: A.A. Vigasin, G.I. Goder History of the Ancient World, 5th grade, M.: “Enlightenment”, 2013; presentation.
During the classes
Anyone who, repeating the old, learns something new, can be a mentor.”
Confucius.
I. Organizational moment.
The music of ancient China sounds. Students enter the classroom, greet the teacher and guests.
2.Motivation of students' educational activities.
- Today we will go on an exciting journey.
A caravan of knowledge is an incomparable wealth, for knowledge is a force capable of creation and destruction. Everyone acts with their knowledge as they see fit. Anyone who is ready to explore this vast world, sowing seeds of goodness in it, will receive a rich harvest.
There are objects on my table. What country do you think they were brought from? - What unites these objects? (all of which were invented in China).
And before we go on trips to replenish our knowledge, let's remember what we know about China.
Show the location of Ancient China on the map, describe its geographical location. If students find it difficult, the teacher asks questions:
- On what continent is the state of China located? (Eurasia)
- In what part of it? (In Eastern)
- What two large rivers flow through China? (Huang He and Yangtze)
When did the ancient Chinese civilization arise? (In 3-2 thousand BC)
- Now name the capital of the emerging Chinese civilization.
(We can't name).
Why? (Because there were several Chinese states that they fought wars with each other.)
In March 1974, peasants were digging a well east of Lishan Mountain, near the city of Lintong, and to their surprise, they came across an extraordinary find.
I suggest watching a fragment of the film, guess what was discovered during the excavations???
They are watching a movie.
What was discovered during the excavations?(Tomb, human-sized figures of soldiers and horses)
As a result of archaeological excavations, thousands of terracotta figures came to light.
What is terracotta? Let's compare our answer.
Terracotta – yellow or red clay, fired at a constant temperature of at least 1000 degrees for several days.
Where in the history of the ancient world did we encounter something like this? (Ancient Egypt, tombs of the pharaohs).
Indeed, this is an army buried next to the emperor Qin Shihuang, who had to fight for him in the battles of the Kingdom of Death.
Write down the topic of the lesson in your notebook, “The first ruler of a united China.”
3. Setting goals and problem assignments for the lesson.
Based on existing knowledge and the topic of the lesson, let's find out what we will talk about today? (Students say: let’s find out how Qin Shihuang became the ruler of China, how he created a unified state, how he ruled the country, how long the state existed, whose interests he defended, what were his personal qualities, how the population of the country treated him, etc.)
All the questions from the lesson are displayed on a slide or on sheets of paper.
In 221 BC. ruler of one of the Chinese states - Qin - having defeated his rivals one by one, he united all of China under his rule. He began to call himself Qin Shihuang , that is, “The first ruler of a united China.”
Qin proclaimed that now, after his victory, peace would last forever. In his decree, he announced that his son would be called the “Second Lord of Qin,” then a third would rule—and so on, tens of thousands of his heirs. The city became the capital of China Xianyang. (I show on the map). However, the heirs failed to rule for tens of thousands of generations; after the death of the emperor, a rebellion broke out. Why did this happen? How do you think?
Problem: Let's find out why the unification of China ended with a people's uprising?
4. Studying new material.
Purpose of the stage: ensuring students’ perception, comprehension and initial consolidation of knowledge about China.
Work on additional material. Students work on the ability to highlight the necessary information.
I invite you to add to our knowledge by examining the text about the reign of Qin Shihuang.
Let's work with additional sources of information. There are pieces of paper with text on your desks. We will work in pairs. Read the text. On the left side, write down fragments of text that made a positive impression on you, on the right side, write down what simply puzzled you or caused a sharp protest in your soul.
In order to strengthen a unified state, the emperor adopted a number of major reforms:
The capital of China became the city of Xianyang.
The territory of the state was divided into 36 regions, headed by governors appointed by the king.
Qin Shi Huang introduced unified laws, a unified system of officialdom, as well as inspectorate supervision, subordinated personally to the emperor.
Measures of weight, length and capacity were unified.
A monetary reform was also carried out, establishing a single copper coin.
The emperor ordered the simplification of hieroglyphic writing.
A road system was created.
Having strengthened the country, Qin Shihuang began campaigning against neighboring countries and conquered lands on the coast of the South China Sea. He was attracted to this territory because there was a lot of rice there; ivory, rhinoceros horn, pearls, and strange birds were brought from there.
He fought wars in the north with the nomadic tribes of the Huns. (slide number 8) It was difficult to fight with nomads. To fight them, the emperor reformed the army and created cavalry. The Huns were famous for being the best horsemen. Therefore, in order to provide worthy resistance to the Huns, Qin Shihuang included cavalry in the army.
Qin Shi Huang had an iron will and did not tolerate any resistance. He ordered the confiscation of all bronze weapons from the population. It was forbidden to acquire iron weapons on pain of death. Qin Shi Huang ordered the destruction of all books of historical and philosophical content. The Emperor banned Confucianism and all private schools, leaving only public educational institutions in which teaching was conducted under the close supervision of special inspectors.
In order to maintain a huge army, a lot of money was required. Taxes became higher and higher. To prevent people from grumbling, they were kept in constant fear. For the slightest offense, a person was beaten on the heels with a bamboo stick, his nose was cut off, and he could be boiled in a cauldron. For the misdeed of one person, all his relatives were punished. Qin Shihuang became more and more arrogant and cruel, and came up with new terrible executions.
5. Primary application of new knowledge.
Reception "Double Diary". Students' answers to assigned tasks, notes in notebooks.
What positive aspects did you highlight in Qin Shihuang's reign?
What puzzled you, what negative aspects did you find? Why?
6. Dynamic pause (physical minute).Art appeared in ancient China Qigong (qi - energy, hun - skill) -This is the art of using qi energy, which allows you to maintain spiritual and physical health, prolong life, treat various diseases, and can also be used in battle.
Now, to the sounds of an ancient Chinese melody, we will perform one of the best Qigong exercises, “Raising the Sky.”
Stand up straight, relax your muscles, put your feet together. Put your hands down. Turn your hands with your fingers towards each other. Point your palms towards the ground and hold them in front of you. Raise your arms forward and up. Point your palms up towards the sky. While moving your arms, inhale smoothly through your nose. Look at your fingers with your head up. Gently hold your breath. Then lower your arms down through your sides, exhaling smoothly through your mouth. At the same time, lower your head and look forward. Each time you move your palms towards the sky, feel your back straighten.
7. Independent work. "Think of a question" technique.
The great Wall of China.
We rested a bit. We continue to expand our knowledge.
The Chinese have reached a high level of economic and cultural development. Iron products were widely used. Irrigation canals helped to obtain high yields. In China, silkworms were first bred and the famous silk was obtained.
Beautiful buildings and fortress walls were built in cities. The emperor, the “Son of Heaven,” had many magnificent palaces; the most luxurious was located in the capital. The emperor feared for his life, so he slept in different palaces and in different rooms every night; wanted to find a drink that bestows immortality, for this a ship with children was sent to the East China Sea in search of this drug, since it was believed that children were innocent and the gods would reveal the secret to them.
But the largest construction in history was the construction of the Great Wall of China.
Open the textbooks on p. 110. Read the text and come up with one or two questions for the text that you could ask your classmates.
So, whatever questions you have come up with, ask them. Can we answer them?
(Ask questions and answer them).
1. For what purpose was the Great Wall of China built? |
2. What is the height of the wall? What is the length of the fortification made of bricks and stone blocks? |
3. What did Chinese soldiers use to transmit a danger signal day and night? |
Answers. |
1. In order to retain the lands conquered from the Huns and protect trade routes from their raids, the construction of the Great Wall of China began. 2. Length – 5000 km, Height – 7 m, width - 5 horsemen and 10 foot soldiers could ride side by side, 2 carts could pass each other on it. 3. The height of the wall was as high as a 2-3 storey building. There are viewing slots and loopholes in the wall. Towers rose in places. At the bottom of the tower lived the soldiers guarding it, and at the top they served. If a warrior noticed danger, he lit the brushwood on the tower. Another guard saw him and also set fire to the brushwood. A detachment of warriors rushed to the rescue. |
Conclusion: the main purpose of the wall isto hold the lands conquered from the Huns and protect trade routes from their raids. |
8. Teamwork. Identification of key reasons when working with facts.
The uprising of the people.
Emperor Qin kept the people in fear. Thousands of admirers of Confucius were killed, 400 scholars were executed, and old books were ordered to be burned. So that no one could think that life used to be better than under him.
-Why? What should a ruler be like according to the teachings of Confucius?(Cruelty does not suit a ruler at all; Confucius believed that a ruler should treat his subjects as his children, patiently educate them, primarily by example).
Let's return to the problem:
Why did the unification of China end with a people's uprising?
Based on the facts, determine the reasons for the people’s discontent (on the slide).
Fact 1. In order to maintain a huge army, a lot of money was needed. The taxes levied on the common people became larger and larger. Chinese farmers gave 2/3 of their harvest to officials, while they themselves lived from hand to mouth.
Reason 1: huge taxes and fees.
Fact 2. To prevent people from grumbling, they were kept in constant fear. For the slightest offense, a person was beaten on the heels with a bamboo stick or his nose was cut off. For the offense of one person, as a rule, the whole family was executed or punished
Reason 2: the population's dissatisfaction with their plight.
Fact 3. Qin Shihuang indulged in his whims. When his army crushed the power of one of the ruling princes, the Qin ruler ordered to build himself the same palace as that of the defeated sovereign.
The tomb of Qin Shihuang can compete with the tombs of the Egyptian pharaohs. Over the course of 37 years, 720,000 people built it on Mount Li.
Reason 3: unlimited power of the ruler.
- Let's try to draw a conclusion.
Conclusion: Mass discontent was caused by the brutal methods of rule of the first Chinese emperors, but not by the system of unification of the country itself. Therefore, an uprising began in China and a few years after the death of Qin Shihuang, the people overthrew their hated oppressors. The next rulers had to make concessions and ease his situation.
9. Consolidation.
1. Technique “Using a table”
Let's summarize the reign of Qin Shihuang...
Events | Causes |
Construction of the Greater Chinese Country | Protection from attacks by the nomadic Huns |
Capturing the coast of the South China Sea | Territory expansion |
Tax increases | |
Deterioration of the situation of the people | Tax collection |
Cruel punishments of the Chinese | Dissatisfaction with the Qin Dynasty |
Let's compare the answers with the table.
Give examples of cruel power from history. (Hitler, Stalin, etc.)
- How would you evaluate the reign of Qin Shihuang? Did you like him as a ruler and as a person?
2. Compiling a syncwine, which consists of composing a poem according to the following scheme:
- title - topic of the lesson, keyword (one noun in the nominative case);
- two adjectives that students associate with the keyword;
- three verbs - according to the same principle;
- a phrase that carries a semantic load (a complete phrase expressing the attitude of the author of the syncwine to a phenomenon, an object, since feelings can be expressed here, then at the end there may be punctuation marks such as a question mark, an exclamation mark, an ellipsis, the phrase consists of four words that can refer to any parts of speech);
5. conclusion
Topic: "Qin Empire"
Qin
Powerful, strong
Invents, builds, fights.
China is a country of great inventions.
United State
10. Reflection on learning activities in the lesson. Homework assignment.
Self-esteem
Knowledge and skills | YES |
1. I can show the territory of Ancient China on a map; | |
2. I can characterize the geographical location of Ancient China; | |
4. I can answer the question: Who became the first emperor of the Chinese Empire; | |
5. I can answer the question: What name did the empire receive? | |
6. I know what terms, dates, concepts need to be learned; | |
7. I can tell you about the Great Wall of China; | |
8. I can tell you about the tomb of Qin Shihuang; |
If you tick 7-8 boxes, the card is red
If you tick 5-6 boxes, the card is blue
If you have ticked 3-4 boxes, the card is green.
Slide 17:
Homework: paragraph 23, answer questions orally on page 110, prepare messages.
Lesson #27 history 5th grade
Subject: The first ruler of a unified China.
Lesson location in topic: Section “Ancient East”, lesson in section No. 19.
Target: create conditions for the development of skills to characterize the features of the domestic and foreign policies of Emperor Qin Shihuang, assess the activities of the first emperor, analyze the reasons for the overthrow of the Qin dynasty
Type and type of lesson: lesson in discovering new knowledge
Teaching methods: explanatory-illustrative, problematic, heuristic,
systemic and activity-based.
Forms of organization of students’ cognitive activity: collective, individual, pair work
Tasks: educational: create an idea of Qin Shihuang, the first emperor of China, and his politics; teach to determine the causes of popular uprisings in China and their consequences; be able to highlight the features and characteristics of the Celestial Empire;
developing : improve skills in working with historical maps and chronology; search for the necessary information in the teacher’s story; summarize the material, summarize; evaluate the work of the class as a whole, evaluate your own activities;
educational: instilling in students aesthetic taste, a desire for knowledge, and respect for the historical past;cultivate respect for the work and culture of ancient people.
Planned results:
Personal nurturing a sense of self- and mutual respect; development of cooperation when working in pairs; nurturing interest in history as a science.
Metasubject: speech development; developing the ability to compare and generalize facts and concepts; development of independence among students; development of attentiveness when searching for errors.
Subject: development of skills to work with a textbook, map, mastery of new concepts. Express judgments about the contribution of the culture of Ancient China to world culture. Characterize the living conditions and occupations of the population, the social system of Ancient China, and the position of representatives of various strata.
Basic concepts and terms: Qin Empire, Qin Shihuang, Great Wall of China.
Equipment: textbook: A.A. Vigasin, G.I. Goder History of the Ancient World, 5th grade, M.: “Enlightenment”, 2014; presentation.
During the classes
I . Organizing time. Creating a positive emotional mood.
Hello guys! We continue our journey through the countries of the Ancient East, but before we continue our journey, I would like to give you this sun, just like you, cheerful, clear, kind, and I hope that today you will shine like the sun with your knowledge, hard work, and diligence! So, let's begin!
You have lesson worksheets on your desks; we will work with them today and refer to them at some stages of the lesson.
II .Updating basic knowledge
-states of the Ancient East;
Oh, look, passing merchants dropped their goods here and were completely confused about what country these goods were from, where these countries were located, and who lived in them. Shall we help them figure it out? In the worksheets, use arrows to connect the words with the corresponding country, and … complete this task on the board! (You can draw arrows in different colors).
Let's see what we got(mutual check, slide check).
III . Learning new material.
- Please look: here is a fragment of an ancient Chinese inscription of praise. Read and answer the question: who does this inscription praise and for what?
Student answers: he praises the emperor for uniting and establishing uniform laws.
Who is the emperor? Do we know which emperor we are talking about? Can we guess what the emperor established?
Can we find out? Guess what the topic of our lesson is?
Absolutely right, you guys are great! This inscription was installed on a giant earthen hill by order of the first ruler of a united China!
IV .Lesson topic: “The first ruler of a united China.”
Try to formulate the goals of our lesson. (We should probably find out who this emperor is, what his name was, what he did for China, for which a letter of praise was written to him).
The questions to be answered are:
What significance did the unification of the country have for the people of China?
How true is the praise inscription?
Unification of China.
Using the text of the slide and the text of the textbook p. 109 p. 1, compose a story about Qin Shihuang.
Qin Shihuang carried out many transformations - reforms: he introduced uniform laws, a single monetary unit, uniform measures of weight and length, and conducted a population census. Qin Shihuang declared that peace would now last forever. However, having stopped the wars within China, Qin Shihuang began to launch campaigns against neighboring countries.
Wars of conquest.
Why did Qin Shihuang start campaigns against other countries? Let’s answer this question by reading page 109, paragraph 2, paragraph 1 ourselves, and then filling out the diagram in the worksheets,
Let's analyze the diagram (in worksheets)
Having strengthened the country, Qin Shihuang began to launch campaigns against neighboring countriessouth , conquered lands on the coast of the South China Sea. He was attracted to this territory because there was a lot of rice there; ivory, rhinoceros horn, pearls, and strange birds were brought from there. Waged wars on north with the nomadic tribes of the Huns. It was difficult to fight nomads. To fight them, the emperor reformed the army and created cavalry. The Huns were famous for being the best horsemen. Therefore, in order to provide worthy resistance to the Huns, Qin Shihuang included cavalry in the army.Nomadic people are not easy to defeat.These nomads constantly disturbed the inhabitants of the Middle Kingdom with their raids.
The short Huns seemed to have grown together with their small but hardy horses. It seemed that these people spent their entire lives in the saddle. The Huns ate milk and raw meat. Their homes were easily folded felt tents.
The Huns made swift raids on their enemies and immediately disappeared into the steppe. It was very difficult to catch up with them. In battle, the Huns were fearless and cruel warriors. How did Qin Shi Huang defend himself from the Huns?
The great Wall of China.
Message from a student who received an advanced assignment.
Defense against the Huns. The great Wall of China. Verse (read by the student, then analyzed with the students).
By decree of the emperor, the country's architects and masons were obliged to build an infinitely long wall, its outline resembling a dragon, within ten years. Nationalemblem (dictionary) of China - a dragon - should have appeared on the ridges of mountains, in the middle of gorges and deserts. This wall was supposed to stretch and twist, like a dragon twists and stretches out, and with its countless twists it had to embrace the entire Chinese expanse so that not an inch of land was left outside the gigantic embrace.
To build this barrier structure, hundreds of thousands of slaves, prisoners of war, and farmers were driven from all over the country. Day and night they worked under the lashes of the overseers. The builders laid huge stones, bricks, and compacted the earth. Many people died during the construction of the wall.
The Great Wall of China stretches for more than 5 thousand km. In some places its height reached the height of a two- or three-story building. The width of the wall allowed two horse-drawn carts to pass each other. There were viewing slots and loopholes in the wall - openings for shooting. At certain intervals, fortified towers rose on it. They were guarded by military detachments. When observers noticed the movement of enemies, they lit a fire on the tower. At this sign, additional forces urgently arrived. The lit fire was also seen from neighboring towers. They, in turn, lit fires on them. Thus, news of danger was transmitted for many kilometers. The Great Wall of China was built with such skill and strength that it still stands today.
People's outrage.
Qin Shihuang had an iron will and did not tolerate any resistance. He ordered the confiscation of all bronze weapons from the population. It was forbidden to acquire iron weapons on pain of death. Qin Shihuang ordered the destruction of all books of historical and philosophical content. The Emperor banned Confucianism and all private schools, leaving only public educational institutions in which teaching was conducted under the close supervision of special inspectors.
In order to maintain a huge army, a lot of money was required. Taxes became higher and higher. To prevent people from grumbling, they were kept in constant fear. For the slightest offense, a person was beaten on the heels with a bamboo stick, his nose was cut off, and he could be boiled in a cauldron. For the misdeed of one person, all his relatives were punished. Qin Shihuang became more and more arrogant and cruel, and came up with new terrible executions.
Let's return to the problem:
Why did the unification of China end with a people's uprising?
Based on the facts, determine the reasons for the people's discontent .(we will write down the reasons for dissatisfaction in a notebook)
Fact 1. In order to maintain a huge army, a lot of money was needed. The taxes levied on the common people became larger and larger. Chinese farmers gave 2/3 of their harvest to officials, while they themselves lived from hand to mouth.
Reason 1: huge taxes and fees.
Fact 2 . To prevent people from grumbling, they were kept in constant fear. For the slightest offense, a person was beaten on the heels with a bamboo stick or his nose was cut off. For the offense of one person, as a rule, they were executed, or the whole family was punished
Reason 2: the population's dissatisfaction with their plight.
Fact 3. Qin Shihuang indulged in his whims. When his army crushed the power of one of the ruling princes, the Qin ruler ordered to build himself the same palace as that of the defeated sovereign.
The tomb of Qin Shihuang can compete with the tombs of the Egyptian pharaohs. Over the course of 37 years, 720,000 people built it on Mount Li.
Reason 3: unlimited power of the ruler.
- Let's try to draw a conclusion.
Conclusion: Mass discontent was caused by the brutal methods of rule of the first Chinese emperors, but not by the system of unification of the country itself. Therefore, an uprising began in China and a few years after the death of Qin Shihuang, the people overthrew the hated oppressors. The next rulers had to make concessions and ease his situation.
Working with textbook illustrations p. 113
What is shown in illustration p. 113?
Part of Qin Shihuang's tomb.
V .Reflection.
Now, in the margins of your notebook, draw one of three faces, symbolizing your attitude to the lesson.
If you tick 7-8 boxes, the card is red
If you tick 5-6 boxes, the card is blue
If you have ticked 3-4 boxes, the card is green.
VI .Lesson summary.
I want to thank you for the lesson
VII . Homework: p. 23, answer questions orally on page 110, prepare for a generalization lesson on the section “Ancient East”
In 1974, Chinese peasant Yan Ji Wang
I decided to dig a well on my property.
At a depth of 5 meters, Yan Jiwan came across
on a full-length statue of an ancient warrior.
One of the Chinese states
called Qin. In 221
BC. its ruler
smashing your opponents
one by one, united
all of China under its control
power. He began to call
himself Qin Shihuang (
First Lord of Qin)
Qin Shihuang
Unification of China:
UNIFICATION OF CHINA:In his decree he
announced that his son
it will be
be called
" Second
Lord of Qin"
then the third, etc. Wars of conquest:
When the wars ended
inside China, Qin
Shihuang started
go hiking
against neighboring countries.
In the south he was attracted
lands on the coast
South China Sea. Wars of conquest:
The population, having learned about
invasion, went into
mountains, taking away their
belongings and livestock.
Cultivated land
the Chinese selected for
their warriors, creating
military settlements. Wars of conquest:
In the north by opponents
China had tribes
the Huns, who
wandered with their
in herds. They lived in
light felt
tents, ate
milk and boiled
meat.
The great Wall of China
THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA The great Wall of China:To hold
recaptured from the Huns
land and secure
trade routes from them
raids began
construction of the Great
Chinese wall. The great Wall of China:
Length –
5000 km
Height – 7 m
Width - close
could drive 5
riders and 10
foot soldiers, on
they could
separate 2
carts
The great Wall of China:
THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA:The height of the wall was as high as a 2-3 storey building. In the wall
there are viewing slots and
loopholes. In some places
towers rose.
They lived at the bottom of the tower
the soldiers guarding her,
and in the upper one they carried
service.
The great Wall of China:
THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA:If the warrior noticed
danger, he kindled
tower-mounted
brushwood. I saw him
another guard too
set fire to brushwood. Squad
warriors hurried to
help.
Formation of the Chinese Empire
FORMATION OF THE EMPIRE OF CHINATomb of Qin Shihuang
TOMB OF QIN SHIHUANGThe tomb is guarded by 8,000 thousand terracotta
warriors For some reason they don't have weapons in their hands
Construction of the Great Wall of China
CONSTRUCTION OF THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA During the reign of Qin Shihuang in China:-United
monetary
system.
-One system
measures and weights.
-Census
population.
-Good roads.
The people's discontent was caused by:
1. Burden of taxes
2.Cruel treatment by officials
towards the peasants
3.The death of many innocent people,
including those from the emperor's entourage
End of the Qin Empire
END OF THE QIN EMPIREQin Shihuang was buried in a huge underground tomb, killed and
They buried all his wives who did not bear him children with the deceased.
In the tomb, 6 thousand warriors were placed in a row, the height of a full man.
weapons - to protect the peace of their ruler.
First overlord
united China
Show
on the map:
1.Country China
2. Two main rivers of China. Name them
3. Tell us about the climate in China
In China to this day they treat with great respect
Respect for the ancient sage
Named Confucius.
- What did he teach?
- Whom Confucius considered noble, i.e. a worthy person?
- What sayings of Confucius do you remember?
- What advice did Confucius give to rulers?
Why did the Chinese believe that Heaven fulfills the ruler's requests?
What were the religious beliefs of the Chinese?
Does this coincide with our ideas about a well-mannered person?
How should polite Chinese behave?
Egypt
China
Babylon
What did a book look like in Babylon?
And in Ancient Egypt?
Clay
Bamboo
Papyrus
Examination
historical
§ 23, paragraph 1
§ 23, paragraph 2 (map p. 101)
Find on the map:
Capital of united China
Coast of the South China Sea,
occupied by the Huns
Great Wall of China
Until 3rd century BC .existed in China 7 kingdoms
IN 221 g . after 200 years of wars, China was unified Qin Shihuang.
After the end of the internal wars, he began campaigns of conquest against his northern neighbors.
Qin Shihuan.
Ancient Chinese
drawing on silk.
The more lands the Qin state annexed to its territory, the more difficult it was to keep them under control.
? THINK - WHY?
Soon from the north China began to be raided Huns.
To protect against the Huns, the emperor ordered the construction THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA .
This is the only monument that can be seen from MOON !!!
Wall length 6500km.
1. Creation of a large army
TAXES collected from farmers increased sharply
Internal order in Ancient China
2. Thousands of youths ran away from their homes to hide from army recruitment
3. Severe punishments were used against those who were dissatisfied (beating with sticks, cutting off noses, etc.)
4. For the most insignificant act, not only the offender, but also his relatives and neighbors were fiercely punished
Internal order in Ancient China
5. By order of the ruler there were ancient books burned , hundreds were massacred who revered the teachings of Confucius
6. The ruler of China lived in constant fear for his life
After his death, the emperor was buried in a grandiose
tomb.
An entire army had to guard the posthumous peace of the first lord of Qin
What's good and what's bad
brought to the people
China's unification of the country?
Increased taxes, military service periods, loss of life, severe punishments
It became easier to fight the nomads
Chinese heritage
They made a number of inventions using 1000 years earlier than in Europe:
paper, typography, silk, powder,
compass ,
firearms, metal coins and porcelain.
Homework:
§ 23 , questions and tasks for the paragraph
D/Z check:
- Describe the geographical location of Ancient China, show the main objects on the map.
- Talk about Chinese writing. How do Chinese books differ from books of other ancient peoples?
- Talk about the beliefs of the ancient Chinese.
- What rules of decency should a well-bred Chinese man observe?
Exercise: fill in the gaps in the text.
First overlord
united China
Assignment: paragraph 2 “Wars of Conquest”
Question:
- What territories did Qin Shihuang's campaigns cover? What attracted the conqueror to these lands?
- Working with the atlas on page 16.
Exercise: Fill in the blanks in the text “The Great Wall of China”
__1__, __2__ and __3__. _4_, __5__. _6_ and _7_. ___8___. ___9___. __10__.
- Construction took 10 years.
- Approximately 2 million 300 thousand people were involved in construction.
- 400,000 people are buried here.
- The length of the wall with branches is more than 4000 km.
Exercise: paragraph 4 "Indignation of the people."
Questions:
1. Reasons for the people's indignation?
2. Think about whether Qin Shi Huang ruled as Confucius taught?
3. Why was the reign of Qin Shihuang’s heirs short-lived?
Working with a contour map:
- Circle the border of the ancient Chinese kingdoms of the 12th-6th centuries. BC.
- Label the largest kingdoms of Ancient China in the 6th - 3rd centuries. BC.
- Indicate with arrows the raids of the Huns.
- Highlight the Great Wall of China with a colored line.
- Show the borders and territories of the Qin and Han empires.
3. The first ruler of unified China was:
- a) Confucius;
- b) Qin Shihuang;
- c) Sun.
4. The name of the great Chinese sage who lived 5 centuries BC:
- a) Confucius;
- b) Qin Shihuang;
- c) Sun.
5. Select the concept that this definition corresponds to. Title of the first ruler of unified China:
- a) Qin Shihuang - Son of Heaven
- b) Qin Shihuang - First Lord of Qin
- c) Qin Shihuang - Eternal Lord of Qin
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