Skhodnenskaya floodplain. Skhodnensky ladle (Skhodnensky bowl) is a monument of nature and history. Swamp at the bottom of the Skhodnenskaya bowl

The Skhodnensky ladle was formed in the post-glacial period. But then the bowl was shallow. Over the past time, the riverbed deepened, and Skhodnya ended up at the bottom of the ravine. This is confirmed by traces of settlements of ancient people on the banks of the river. There was also the ancient Tushino settlement, and a burial mound of the 11th-13th centuries, and an ancient trade route, and the camp of False Dmitry II, the Tushino thief.

Since the 1970s, hang gliders trained in the Skhodnensky bucket, and vegetable gardens were planted on the slopes of the bowl. But in 1991 this place was declared a natural monument. And although the bowl is surrounded on all sides by houses, now there is a natural-historical park where you can see plants and animals from the Red Book of Moscow.

They say that......there used to be a hill in this place with a temple on top. One day, merchants passing by asked to go to the church for the night, but they were not allowed in. The wanderers went further, but they were attacked by robbers. Only one merchant managed to escape. He cursed these places and wished the temple to fail.
...in the lands of the Skhodnenskaya Bowl, many treasures buried by the Tushinsky thief have been preserved. But on moonlit nights, False Dmitry himself walks through the forest and checks his hidden wealth.

Hello dears.
Moscow ancient city. And very difficult, from any point of view. Including in relation to various complex, unusual and, one might say, anomalous and mystical zones. And given the size of the Mother See, you can guess how many of these “difficult territories” there are there. Let's remember just a few of them today.
We will not touch on areas where there are many ghosts, such as the Igumnov House, Pashkov House or Myasnitskaya 17, we will not dwell on Akterkin Ponds and the whole of Ostankino in general, we will skip numerous objects associated with Yakov Bruce (that’s who Muscovites, apparently, were terribly afraid of - until now we remember), we won’t remember the damned paintings of the Tretyakov Gallery, or the terrible dungeons of Khitrovka, the grave of Fyodor Gaz and the Patriarch’s Ponds.

Jacob Bruce

Let's talk about several zones; it is not possible to fully determine whether they are positive or not. I call such territories “places of power” and in them even I, a person who is definitely weakly sensitive to external influences and energy flows, plus who is also skeptical about such things, feel somewhat differently. Sometimes it's very good, and sometimes it's the opposite. Depending on the location. I will roughly indicate my feelings from these territories, and they may differ from yours :-)

So...
Golosov ravine in Kolomensky Park.

It divides the museum-reserve into two equal parts. The ravine with steep slopes in Kolomenskoye is more than a kilometer long. To go down into it, you will have to walk along long wooden stairs. It is believed that Golosov (formerly Volosov, Velesov) ravine has the power of the pagan god Veles, who patronized material wealth. In the ravine itself, stretching from the Moscow River to Andropov Avenue, there are ancient (apparently sacred) stones: the Gus-stone and the Devin stone. They allegedly served as altars to this deity. Some researchers are confident that the ravine is a preserved relief of the seabed.

In the local “voice ravine”, according to legend, St. George the Victorious fought with a snake. Where the hero's horse dug into the ground with its hooves, springs flowed, and the remains of the reptile were preserved in the form of huge magical boulders protruding from the ground. They also say that time gaps happen here - supposedly people disappeared in these places and returned only decades later.
In principle, this place seems right and good to me.

Obvodny Canal in the very center of Moscow. It was laid from the Kremlin along the Moscow River in the 18th century and was supposed to protect the city during floods.

We never felt any anxiety or discomfort there. Especially on Balchug? I always feel discomfort there and try to avoid it.


The workers who built it told a legend about a sorcerer who was sacrificed by the Swedes - they say, the place is cursed, nothing can be built here. But the Obvodny Canal with ten bridges still appeared. WITH late XIX centuries, suicides began to occur in one of its sections: the unfortunate people threw themselves into the water. In the 1920s, during underground construction work in the canal area, granite slabs with incomprehensible texts were discovered.
I don’t know about the lyrics, but the place is really strange and IMHO, dark

Museum-Reserve “Tsaritsyno”


About five hundred years ago, here, among ancient dense forests, stood the small village of “Black Mud,” which received its name from the healing springs and mud located nearby. If you smear yourself with the greasy dark slurry and then swim in the spring gushing out of the ground, many ailments will go away, local residents believed. After some time, the source was consecrated, and pilgrims, including from the surrounding nobles and service people, flocked to it.


Soon the rumor about the miraculous properties of water and mud reached Moscow, not passing through the grand ducal palaces in the Kremlin. That is why Catherine the Great, losing her beauty and youth, chose this place to build her palace. For some reason, Tsaritsino is considered a dangerous place. The area under the main palace and under the bridges is especially strong. But personally, I find the park peaceful and positive. For me he is very, very good.

But Lefortovo Park I try to avoid


It was created on the model of the famous Versailles Park, so contemporaries also called it “Versailles on the Yauza”. In 1722, Peter I purchased the estate with the intention of making it his Moscow residence and remodeling the park in the Dutch style. The following year, by his decree, Nikolai Bidloo begins to equip the park, decorating it with sculptures, dams, cascades and other decorations. At this time, a huge amount of excavation work is carried out in the park, the flow directions of streams change, and symmetrical paths appear.

In 1730, celebrations were held at the Lefortovo residence to mark the coronation of Anna Ioannovna. The Empress proclaims Lefortovo to be her main Moscow residence and renames it in the German manner “Annengof”. There is a legend that the “Annenhof Grove” appeared in the park overnight, when, at the whim of Anna Ioannovna, mature trees were brought and planted.
There was always some kind of devilry going on in this park. The palaces were constantly burning. In 1904, it was severely damaged by a tornado. Beliefs connect this with the grave of Franz Lefort himself, who is buried somewhere in the park. And although this legend has no basis, the place is...peculiar. It doesn't have a very good effect on me personally.

A Kuskovo estate very, very good. This is the former estate of the Sheremetev counts, where an architectural and artistic ensemble of the 18th century has been preserved. Located in the east of Moscow in the Veshnyaki district.


Kuskovo was first mentioned at the end of the 16th century and already as the possession of the Sheremetevs. In 1623-1624 there was a wooden church, a boyar's courtyard, and the courtyards of serfs. Kuskovo remained in the possession of the Sheremetevs for more than three hundred years, until 1917.
Initially, in this area, the Sheremetevs owned only one small plot, a “piece,” as Count Boris Petrovich Sheremetev called it. At the same time, all other lands in the district belonged to the future state chancellor Alexei Mikhailovich Cherkassky. After the marriage of Boris Petrovich's son, Count Pyotr Borisovich, with only daughter Prince Alexei Mikhailovich - Varenka, the Sheremetevs became the sole owners of these lands.

In the 1750-1770s, by order of Pyotr Sheremetev, a vast estate with a palace, many “entertainment facilities,” a large park and ponds was created in Kuskovo. The creation of this ensemble is closely connected with the names of serf architects Fyodor Argunov and Alexei Mironov. The architectural complex was created in the Baroque-Rocaille style of the mid-18th century.
Nice and beautiful place.

And finally, a rather strange place - this is the so-called Petrovskaya mountain in Tushino. Here in the 14th century. on the top of the Old Mountain (as it was called before) stood the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery. But now not even ruins remain of it.

According to legend, this place is cursed. Once, they say, merchants, fearing thieves, knocked on the gate of the monastery and asked to be let in for the night. However, the monks refused.
They say that the merchants stood at the gate for a long time, begging to be let in. But the inhabitants of the monastery remained adamant. Finally, the merchants drove off. After some time, the monks felt ashamed that they had treated them this way. kind people, and the abbot sent messengers after them. However, it was already too late. Not far from the monastery, the merchants were attacked by robbers. The next morning, messengers from the monastery found them in a nearby grove, “beaten and without goods.”
The robbers killed everyone, only one of the merchants was still alive. When he saw the monks, he whispered in his hearts: “May your monastery fail!”
Since then, the Old Mountain began to settle. The Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery soon turned into ruins, and then whatever they tried to build here, everything collapsed. Once upon a time, the residence of False Dmitry II, better known as the Tushino thief, was located here. And there were no traces left of her.


False Dmitry II

At Soviet power local residents tried to plant vegetable gardens here. But everything failed...
Nowadays, at the top of the mountain you can see a large hole, similar to a meteorite crater. But no meteorite has ever flown here. It's just a failed place. I don’t know about the merchant’s curse, but the place is really strange. Very, very.
That's about it.
Do you know any similar places in Moscow?
Have a nice time of day.

The Tushinsky bowl, better known as the Skhodnensky ladle, is one of the parts of the specially protected natural area of ​​regional significance in the city of Moscow, the Tushinsky Natural Historical Park.

In fact, when I lived in this area, it never occurred to anyone to call a ladle a bowl, and certainly no one ever thought that it and other district “green spaces” have the status of a Natural Historical Park.
We just knew that this huge wooded hole, along the bottom of which the Skhodnya River flows, is a natural monument, and we were always amazed at its size: I can’t say for sure, but they really amaze the imagination. Thanks to this, Skhodnensky Bucket has become one of those places where you can feel away from the city without leaving it.

It is surrounded on all sides by residential buildings: the area, although outlying, has been developed quite a long time ago, and this is even surprising - considering the pace and morals of our modern life, it’s strange that it has not yet given in to developers and has retained its almost wild appearance.

It is noteworthy that the slopes, although not very steep, are quite difficult to go down. You still need to find the path, and after that, try not to get lost in the grass thickets :) I climbed down several times, but today I still fell several times, because flip-flops turned out to be far from the best shoes for such a walk - sneakers or any other shoes would have been much more suitable , which I don’t feel sorry for.

By the way, regarding the origin of the bucket in the form in which we can observe it now (a huge pit), there is a very interesting legend that I once heard about from friends. Legend has it that there used to be a hill on this site, on top of which stood a temple. There was a road past the temple, and one day, late in the evening, merchants walked along it and asked to go to the temple for the night, but they were not allowed in.
The merchants had to move on, but at night they were attacked by robbers and killed everyone except one, who miraculously managed to escape. Of course, you have already guessed what the merchant wished for the temple? That's right, fail.

The place is considered “bad” - in Soviet times they tried many times to adapt it to any needs, but the attempts were unsuccessful. They gave out plots of land and wanted to flood them - but in the end there are no dachas or a reservoir there.
There is an opinion that one of the “most steep” geopathogenic zones in Moscow is located here.

However, you can’t say anything like that based on the local flora :) The landscapes are quite typical for the “countryside” (but don’t forget that we are not in it!) - there are, for example, meadows and clearings.

In one of the clearings I finally came across a more or less civilized path, along which I continued.
In addition to the “usual” trees and grass, sea buckthorn also grows in the bucket, which has already become a curiosity for the city residents. If you were sure that sea buckthorn is such an intricate sexual position - welcome!

And there are plenty of wildflowers of all kinds, which you just can’t see in the city anymore.

But the most interesting thing here is the atmosphere. Sometimes you really forget that you are within the city limits - the only thing that reminds you of this is the noise of Moscow roads and other city sounds.

Not only people, but also animals agree with this opinion - there is evidence that hares, squirrels, foxes and weasels live in the bucket, as well as large (hawks, falcons and woodpeckers) and small birds, including those from the Red Book, nesting. An information sign near one of the slopes says that this is the only place in Moscow where nests of snipes and meadow pipits have recently been seen.

The path I found soon led me to the Skhodnya River. Its shores are a favorite place for vacationers and local fishermen, so almost all “civilized” paths lead to it sooner or later.
It is not surprising that the area along the river looks much more “lived-in” than other areas of the bucket.

The Skhodnenskaya bowl is located on the territory of the Yuzhnoye Tushino district of the North-Western administrative district. On three sides, the “Bowl” is limited by high, steep bedrock banks; in the southern part there is a loop of the Skhodnya channel. The diameter of the “Bowl” along the edge of the slopes is up to 1 km, the depth is about 40 m, the area is about 75 hectares or 107 hectares according to other sources, in the second case the bowl is the third largest natural monument in Moscow (only the Shchukinsky Peninsula is larger - 450 hectares, Serebryanoborskaya terrace - 300 hectares).

The bowl was formed in the post-glacial period, when the more full-flowing Skhodnya flowed at the current upper edge of the cliff. Over time, the river bed deepened, retreating southward under the pressure of bedrock, until the somewhat shallower river ended up at the bottom of the ravine.

The territory of the bowl is limited from the north by Jan Rainis Boulevard, from the east by Donelaitis Passage, from the southwest by Fabrichny Passage, and from the north-west by Svetlogorsk Passage. In the southern part of the park, on the right bank of the Skhodnya, there is the Trud stadium, which belongs to the Tushino hosiery factory (until 1929, the Provodnik plant).

Nearest transport hubs: Skhodnenskaya metro station, Krikotazhnaya railway platform.

Biological diversity

The slopes of the bowl are covered with mixed vegetation: birch, ash, maple, poplar along the slope; there are aspen, oak, elm, rowan, etc. Near the riverbed: floodplain brooms, a vast sedge-cattail swamp with three-leaved watch, horsetail, multi-spike cotton grass, thickets of small willows and small swamps.

Moorhens, badger warblers and nightingales, bluethroats, common buntings, etc. nest in the park.

At the end of the 20th century, on the territory of the bowl one could find the following species of animals listed in the Red Book of Moscow: sharp-faced frog, common newt, viviparous lizard, common grass snake, weasel, brown hare; birds - snipe, moorhen, meadow pipit. In 2004, hares and weasels could no longer be found; stray dogs were cited as one of the reasons for their disappearance.

At the end of the 20th century, the bowl was a stopping place for flocks of migratory birds (ducks, waders) during spring migration.

Story

Along the banks of the Skhodnya River, traces of settlements of Homo sapiens from the Stone Age and Paleolithic are found: the bones of a primitive ox, a musk ox and a reindeer.

In the Tushinskaya bowl, on the banks of Skhodnya, during excavations, a Skhodnaya skull cap dating back to the Upper Paleolithic era was found. The bowl also contains the Tushino settlement of the early Iron Age (Dyakovo culture), explored in 1927 by archaeologist K. Ya. Vinogradov. Near the settlement there was a burial mound from the 11th to 13th centuries.

An ancient trade route passed here, probably operating from the 1st millennium BC. e. to XIII century AD e.. The path connected Moscow with Vladimir and. Along the Skhodna River (otherwise Vskhodna, Vokhodna), ships went upstream (ascended, entered) to the portage near the village of Cherkizovo, and then were dragged to Klyazma, the ships descended back (went out, left), which is where the name of the river came from.

In the vicinity of the bowl there were villages and hamlets: (on the site of the ancient Dyakovo settlement), (died out from the plague in 1664), Petrovo and Bratsevo. The last two villages existed until 1980.

In the 1940-60s, the Yuzhnoye Tushino district was built up.

Since the 1970s, hang gliders have trained in the Skhodnensky bucket.

Until the 1990s, the slopes of the bowl were used for vegetable gardens.

In 1991, the area was given the status of a specially protected natural area. In June 1998, by decree of the Moscow Government, the park territory was included in the Tushinsky Natural Park complex, which has the status of specially protected natural areas.

In 2004, the official name “Skhodnensky ladle, Donelaitis passage” was changed to “Skhodnensky bowl”.

Gallery

See also

• Petrovo - a former village on the northern slope of the bowl
• Spas - a former village south of the bowl
• Bratsevo - area northwest of the bowl
• Tushino

Today we will go for a walk to the north-west of the capital, where there is one historical attraction - the Bratsevo estate. The Bratsevo estate is located at the address: Svetlogorsky proezd, 13 (buses and minibuses run from the Skhodnenskaya and Planernaya metro stations) - a monument of architecture and landscape art.

We enter the estate from Salome Neris Street. The territory of the estate was designed according to the canons of an English regular park. Its green alleys and shady paths, the layout itself are reminiscent of English romanticism of the 19th century.

Stone bridge at the entrance to the estate

In fact, the park area around the estate is not landscaped in any way, everything here is “natural”. Parents with strollers come here for walks, and pensioners stroll along the paths

Young artists paint the Bratsevo estate

A romantic history of the early 20th century is connected with the Bratsevo estate. Count A. Stroganov married Ekaterina Trubetskoy. This was his second marriage, and it ended in disaster - almost immediately after the birth of their joint child, the Countess fell passionately in love with Adjutant General Rimsky-Korsakov, a retired favorite of Catherine II herself. It was outstanding man, but the countess was famous not only for her beauty, she was very smart and extraordinary, and the brave adjutant general also became seriously interested in her. The romance flared up with such force that the countess decides, despite the condemnation of the world, to leave her husband and go to her beloved. In those years it was a courageous act, but Count Stroganov also behaved very nobly. He did not take revenge on Catherine, let his wife go and even gave her the Bratsevo estate so that she could live there away from the world. There she lived with her common-law husband until her death.

The last owner of the Bratsevo estate was N. Shcherbatov, who himself handed it over to the state after the revolution. The only thing he asked for was the status of a cultural and historical monument for the estate, so that a unique place could be preserved for descendants.

The architect of the estate in many publications is called A. N. Voronikhin, who worked mainly on orders from the Stroganovs. In support of his authorship, they point out that the main round hall of the house, with columns and a small staircase to the choir, resembles the Mineral Cabinet of the Stroganov Palace in St. Petersburg, built with the participation of Voronikhin. The two-story main house (cruciform, with a portico and topped with a belvedere with a dome) has survived to this day.

Main house of the Bratsevo estate

The estate is located on the top of a picturesque hill, gently sloping down to the valley of the Skhodnya River.

At the bottom of the hill, local residents like to relax in nature (cook barbecue, play volleyball, badminton, just sunbathe)

Mitino skyscrapers are visible from the hill

Shady alleys of Bratsevo Park

The front entrance of the main house of the Bratsevo estate

The famous television series “Poor Nastya”, the films “Say a Word About the Poor Hussar” and “The Young Lady-Peasant” were filmed in Bratsevo.

Fountain square with benches near the main house of the estate, although the fountain does not work

Alley leading to the main house of the estate

A two-story wooden summer house with speakers, which served as a guest house, has survived to this day.

The most noticeable structure of the estate's utility yard is the water tower, built on an artesian well in 1898

Former stables and carriage repair sheds, now there is a banquet hall where holiday celebrations and weddings are celebrated

This is what the Moscow Bratsevo estate looks like near the Moscow Ring Road. To be honest, there is no point in coming here from the other end of the city...

Next to the estate, across the road, there is a unique natural monument - the so-called "Skhodnensky ladle"

The Skhodnenskaya (Tushinskaya) bowl (ladle) is a natural monument, part of the Moscow Tushinsky Natural Park.

Descending into the bowl is quite problematic, since the slopes are very steep, but you can walk a little and find a path to descend

The diameter of the “Bowl” along the edge of the slopes is up to 1 km, the depth is about 40 m, the area is about 75 hectares

The appearance of the bowl can be easily explained - it was washed out by the Skhodnya River, which gave it its name

Skhodnensky Bucket is an abandoned place overgrown with trees and bushes, where you can rarely find paths and people on them

Bridge over the Skhodnya river

Fabrichny Proezd crosses the bridge

Behind the bridge is the Tushino Evangelical Church

Another bridge over the Skhodnya River (connects Pokhodny Proezd and Vasily Petushkova Street)

A place where fishermen like to gather

This is how it turned out to be a walk around the Bratsevo estate and the Skhodnensky ladle