Falcon on the Kuznetsky Bridge. Apartment building M. V. Sokol in the Art Nouveau style Excerpt characterizing the Apartment building Sokol

The apartment building of M.V. Sokol on Kuznetsky Most, 3 was built in the style of the Viennese Secession at the beginning of 1904. The Vienna Secession, a stylistic movement in the art of Austria during the Art Nouveau period, appeared just seven years before the construction of this house, in 1897. His character traits in architecture - clarity of volumes, rhythmic orderliness, laconic decor, rationality of compositional and constructive solutions.
Apparently, the gilded ends of the attic foundations, now painted in grey colour. The use of gold color and forged decorations seemed to be borrowed from the Austrian architect Otto Wagner, the leader of the Austrian Secession.

Moscow landowner Mrs. Sokol intended to use the house for renting out apartments, starting from the second floor, and to locate respectable shops on the first floor. In order for the house to generate income and be interesting to tenants, she looked for architects with unique projects. This was Ivan Pavlovich Mashkov. His innovative project in terms of decorating the building, which also glorified the name of the homeowner, immediately attracted her attention. The architect’s idea was supported by the artist Nikolai Nikolaevich Sapunov, who made a sketch of the panel for the attic.

Project of the façade of an apartment building Sokol M.V. on Kuznetsky Most in Moscow. Architect I.P. Mashkov, 1903

1. The dominant motif in the design of the building was the curvature of the lines of its central part, emphasized by the balconies of the upper floors. The grilles of the attic itself, as well as the balconies, also had original design.

2. The panel is accented by two pilasters and resembles in its execution the panels on the nearby Metropol Hotel.

3. The majolica mosaic depicts a soaring falcon, under whose wings stretch steppes and mountains with blooming edelweiss. The majolica was made in the workshops of the Butyrsky plant for the production of ceramic products "Abramtsevo".

4. The curvature of the facade lines is also emphasized by the balconies located on the upper floors.

11. To decorate the façade of the building, architect Mashkov also used tiles with an iridescent metallic sheen and relief “fish” tiles based on a drawing by Mikhail Vrubel of the 1890s.

13. At the beginning of the 20th century, the house housed: an Italian publishing house with a reading room under the sign "Dante Alighieri", a trading house "Scherer, Nabholz and Co.", which provided various photographic services, and a richly decorated restaurant.

14.V different time conductor Yu.F. lived in furnished apartments. Fire, opera diva E.I. Zbrueva, actress E.N. Gogoleva.

15. Briefly about the creators of this unique house for Moscow:
Ivan Pavlovich Mashkov (1867-1945) - architect, restorer, educator, researcher of ancient Russian architecture. Most of Mashkov's buildings belong to the pseudo-Russian style and neoclassicism, but he is best known for the construction of the apartment building M.V. Sokol on Kuznetsky Most in Moscow and the restoration of the Smolensky Cathedral of the Novodevichy Convent and the Assumption Cathedral in the Kremlin.
Nikolai Nikolaevich Sapunov (1880-1912) - painter, theater designer, one of the best set designers in the history of Russian theater. Member of the Moscow Association of Artists, "Scarlet" and "Blue Rose", "World of Art"; also known for a large cycle of still lifes. Sapunov died during a boat trip in Terijoki; the overloaded boat capsized, and he was the only one who drowned; all the other passengers were rescued by a ship that arrived in time.

16. From the 1960s to the present, the Mosproekt-3 group of companies has been located in house No. 3.

17. During numerous reconstructions of the building in the period from 1930 to 1970, many decorative elements of the interior and facade were lost, but the main features that give the house the right to remain an object cultural heritage capitals are preserved.

18. The building is located on the rise of the street, and thanks to its design features - the curving attic and the height of the building, it is clearly visible from different points. Unfortunately, for some reason such a rich company as Mosproekt-3 did not have the funds for civilized air conditioning of the building, and after the next “restoration” the facade of the house was covered with “warts”.

From the late 1730s to the mid 1780s. the property belonged to representatives of the noble family Islenev (Islentiev). The earliest materials about the development of the site date back to 1745, when the property belonged to the widow Sofya Mikhailovna Islenyeva. In 1778, the owner of the plot was listed as retired captain Vasily Vasilyevich Islenev (Islenev).
In 1783, the property belonged to guard ensign Mikhail Vasilyevich Islenev (Islenev).
Since 1785, ownership passed to Second Major Grigory Semenovich Tovarov.

In 1802, the household was listed “in the parish of the Church of the Resurrection of Christ, which is Slovushchee.”
In 1821, the owner of the estate was Major General Vasily Aleksandrovich Novoseltsev. In 1850, he was often listed as the general’s daughter, Alexandra Vasilyevna Novoseltseva.

In 1856, ownership passed to the “Friedrichham merchant” Joseph Frederick Fuld, who organized trade in gold items and diamonds here.
Since 1896, the property belonged to honorary citizen Alexander Alexandrovich Arbatsky.

In 1902–1903, when the property belonged to the widow of Major General Maria Vladimirovna Sokol, the current apartment building was built according to the design of the famous Moscow architect Ivan Pavlovich Mashkov. The house is a striking example of the Art Nouveau style in Moscow, and thanks to the staging and design of its final part, it is visible from Teatralnaya Square. and different viewpoints in the city center.

Judging by the assessment inventories of the building from 1913–1916. and the sewerage project of 1911, in the apartment building there were: in the basement under the yard - store warehouses; in the semi-basement there are warehouses, shops (defective shoes "Skorokhod" and the Zikhman book publishing house), apartments, Swiss, boiler room, janitor's room; on the ground floor there are shops (St. Petersburg shoe production, Pemov ladies' hats, Yakobson ready-made dresses), four apartments, Swiss; on the second floor - Tikhomirov's hairdresser, Solovyov's furniture store, Diederiks piano store, three apartments, a restaurant; on the third and fourth floors there are eight apartments each; on the fifth floor there are nine apartments.
The internal layout of the semi-basement, the basement under the courtyard and the first two floors corresponded to warehouse and commercial purposes. In the eastern side, and facing Kuznetsky lane. volumes of the house, there were: in the semi-basement - warehouses and shops; on the ground floor there are shops. In the western side and courtyard volumes there were: in the semi-basement - small service apartments and technical rooms; on the ground floor there are small apartments.
Typical apartments on the third to fifth floors, differing significantly in area and layout, also had functional zoning. More spacious and prestigious apartments were located in a volume facing Kuznetsky Lane, their front rooms (living room, hall, office) and part of the living rooms (children's room, bedrooms) were facing the alley, living rooms and kitchens - into the courtyard, and utility rooms (entrance hall, corridor, etc.) were located on the side of the internal main walls and had no windows.
Less prestigious and smaller apartments were located in the side volumes of the house, and even more modest ones were located in the courtyard volume: their front and living spaces with kitchens were facing the courtyard, and utility rooms were facing the internal main walls.

The house also housed the Italian publishing house Dante Alighieri with a free reading room, photography, phototypes and photozincography from the company Scherer, Nabholz and Co., part of the building was occupied by a restaurant. At different times, the following people lived here: Bolshoi Theater conductor Yu. F. Fayer, theater and film actress E. N. Gogoleva, opera singer E. I. Zbrueva.
During Soviet times, the building housed the Mostorga store and bookstore. International book", a popular bookstore of the publishing house "Academy". Since the 1960s To this day, the State Unitary Enterprise “Mosproekt-3” operates here. In the 1980s The building housed representative offices of foreign airlines. During the perestroikas of the 1930s–1970s. The decoration of the restaurant and the apartment of the owner of the apartment building, as well as some details of the external decor of the building, were lost.

To date, all residential premises have been adapted for administrative use.

The dominant motif of the building, built in the style of the Viennese Secession, is the curvature of the lines of its central part, emphasized by the balconies of the upper floors. The majolica mosaic in the attic with the image of a falcon soaring over the steppe expanses, mountains and waving edelweiss trees, accentuated by two pilasters going up, was made according to a sketch by the painter N. N. Sapunov at the Butyrka ceramic factory "Abramtsevo". To decorate the façade, I.P. Mashkov also used relief “fish” tiles based on a drawing by M.A. Vrubel of the 1890s. The panel in the attic is a kind of replica of the panel on the Metropol Hotel. The metal bars of the attic consisted of planar and volumetric elements; the design of the bars of the gates, balconies and window frames was original, which gave them independent artistic value.

Cultural heritage site of regional significance.

The apartment building of M.V. Sokol on Kuznetsky Most, 3 was built in the style of the Viennese Secession at the beginning of 1904. The Vienna Secession, a stylistic movement in the art of Austria during the Art Nouveau period, appeared just seven years before the construction of this house, in 1897. Its characteristic features in architecture are clarity of volumes, rhythmic orderliness, laconic decor, rationality of compositional and constructive solutions.
Apparently, the gilded ends of the attic foundations, now painted gray, looked like an absolutely “Viennese” detail in the eyes of contemporaries. The use of gold color and forged decorations seemed to be borrowed from the Austrian architect Otto Wagner, the leader of the Austrian Secession.

Project of the façade of an apartment building Sokol M.V. on Kuznetsky Most in Moscow. Architect I.P. Mashkov, 1903

2. The panel is accented by two pilasters and resembles in its execution the panels on the nearby Metropol Hotel.

4. The curvature of the facade lines is also emphasized by the balconies located on the upper floors.

11. To decorate the façade of the building, architect Mashkov also used tiles with an iridescent metallic sheen and relief “fish” tiles based on a drawing by Mikhail Vrubel of the 1890s.

14. At different times, conductor Yu.F. lived in furnished apartments. Fire, opera diva E.I. Zbrueva, actress E.N. Gogoleva.

16. From the 1960s to the present, the Mosproekt-3 group of companies has been located in house No. 3.

Moscow, st. Kuznetsky Most, 3. Apartment house M. V. Sokol in Art Nouveau style

The five-story apartment building was built at the beginning of 1904 for the Moscow landowner M.V. Sokol by the architect I.P. Mashkov.
Ivan Pavlovich Mashkov (nee Ivan Mikhailovich Sokolov-Evdokimov; January 13, 1867 - August 13, 1945, Moscow) - architect, restorer, researcher of ancient Russian architecture. Most of Mashkov's buildings belong to the pseudo-Russian style and neoclassicism, but he is best known for his building in the Art Nouveau style - the apartment building of M. V. Sokol on Kuznetsky Most in Moscow. When constructed, the building formed a single ensemble with the nearby Metropol Hotel.

The dominant motif of the building, built in the style of the Viennese Secession, is the curvature of the lines of its central part, emphasized by the balconies of the upper floors.
The majolica mosaic in the attic with the image of an eagle (petrel) soaring over the mountains was made according to a sketch by the artist of the World of Art association Nikolai Sapunov at the Butyrka ceramic factory "Abramtsevo".

The majolica mosaic seemed to be both a quotation from Maxim Gorky and a reflection of the seagull that adorned the Moscow Art Theater completed in the same year by F. O. Shekhtel (at the same time “Falcon” is both the surname of the owner of the house and the memory of the architect’s parents). The architect was the son of the village blacksmith Mikhail Evdokimovich Sokolov-Evdokimov. At the age of 3, he lost his parents and, together with the other children of the Sokolov-Evdokimovs, was transported to Lipetsk to his aunt, who was barely making ends meet. In 1875, she gave Ivan up for adoption into the Lipetsk family of Pavel Karpovich and Natalia Efimovna Mashkov.

Tiles with “chandeliers” (i.e., a rainbow metallic sheen) and relief “Fish” tiles based on a drawing by Mikhail Vrubel in the 1890s were used in the decor. Ceramic jewelry was made at the Abramtsevo plant.

The gilded ends of the attic pillars (currently painted gray) apparently looked like an absolutely “Viennese” detail in the eyes of contemporaries. The gold-colored roof and forged decorations, which have not survived to this day, appear to have been borrowed from the architect Otto Wagner.

The metal bars of the attic consisted of planar and volumetric elements; the design of the bars of the gates, balconies and window frames was original, which gave them independent artistic value.

The owners rented out the lower floors of the apartment building for trade, the upper floors for apartments, the house housed the Italian publishing house “Dante Alighieri” with a free reading room, photography, phototypes and photozincography from the company “Scherer, Nabholz and Co.”, part of the building was occupied by a restaurant.

After the revolution, the building housed the Mostorga store, the International Book bookstore, and the bookstore of the Academy publishing house. Since the 1960s, the State Unitary Enterprise Mosproekt-3 has worked here. In the 1980s, the building housed representative offices of foreign airlines.

During the reconstruction of the 1930s - 1970s, the decoration of the restaurant and the apartment of the owner of the apartment building, as well as some details of the external decor of the building, were lost.
The apartment building M.V. Sokol is an object of cultural heritage of regional significance.
Based on materials from Wikipedia and books by M.V. Nashchokina.

The apartment building of M.V. Sokol on Kuznetsky Most, 3 was built in the style of the Viennese Secession at the beginning of 1904. The Vienna Secession, a stylistic movement in the art of Austria during the Art Nouveau period, appeared just seven years before the construction of this house, in 1897. Its characteristic features in architecture are clarity of volumes, rhythmic orderliness, laconic decor, rationality of compositional and constructive solutions.
Apparently, the gilded ends of the attic foundations, now painted gray, looked like an absolutely “Viennese” detail in the eyes of contemporaries. The use of gold color and forged decorations seemed to be borrowed from the Austrian architect Otto Wagner, the leader of the Austrian Secession.

Project of the façade of an apartment building Sokol M.V. on Kuznetsky Most in Moscow. Architect I.P. Mashkov, 1903

2. The panel is accented by two pilasters and resembles in its execution the panels on the nearby Metropol Hotel.

4. The curvature of the facade lines is also emphasized by the balconies located on the upper floors.

11. To decorate the façade of the building, architect Mashkov also used tiles with an iridescent metallic sheen and relief “fish” tiles based on a drawing by Mikhail Vrubel of the 1890s.

14. At different times, conductor Yu.F. lived in furnished apartments. Fire, opera diva E.I. Zbrueva, actress E.N. Gogoleva.

16. From the 1960s to the present, the Mosproekt-3 group of companies has been located in house No. 3.