Literature test melancholy. And make a test on this work (10 questions). "Boarding school for students

and make a test on this work (10 questions).

Write the test in your homework notebook and bring it to the test.

ENJOY READING.
Anton Chekhov "Tosca"

Evening twilight. Large wet snow lazily swirls around the newly lit lamps and falls in a thin soft layer on the roofs, horses' backs, shoulders, and hats. The cab driver Iona Potapov is as white as a ghost. He is bent over, as far as it is possible for a living body to bend, sits on the box and does not move. If a whole snowdrift had fallen on him, even then, it seems, he would not have found it necessary to shake off the snow... His little horse is also white and motionless. With its immobility, angular shape and stick-like straightness of its legs, even up close it looks like a penny gingerbread horse. She is, in all likelihood, lost in thought. Anyone who has been torn away from the plow, from the usual gray pictures and thrown here into this pool, full of monstrous lights, restless crackling and running people, cannot help but think...

Jonah and his little horse have not moved for a long time. They left the yard before lunch, but still there was no move. But then the evening darkness descends on the city. The pallor of the street lamps gives way to vibrant colors, and the bustle of the streets becomes noisier.

Cab driver, to Vyborgskaya! - Jonah hears. - Cab driver!

Jonah shudders and through his eyelashes, covered with snow, sees a military man in an overcoat with a hood.

To Vyborgskaya! - the military man repeats. - Are you going to sleep, or what? To Vyborgskaya!

As a sign of agreement, Jonah pulls the reins, causing layers of snow to fall from the horse’s back and from his shoulders... The military man sits down in the sleigh. The driver smacks his lips, stretches his neck like a swan, sits up and, more out of habit than necessity, waves his whip. The little horse also cranes its neck, bends its stick-like legs and moves hesitantly...

Where are you going, devil! - at first Jonah hears exclamations from the dark mass moving back and forth. -Where the hell are they going? Keep it right!

You don't know how to drive! Keep your rights! - the military man is angry.

The coachman from the carriage scolds, a passer-by, who was crossing the road and bumped into the horse’s face with his shoulder, looks angrily and shakes snow off his sleeve. Jonah fidgets on the box as if on pins and needles, pokes his elbows to the sides and moves his eyes like a madman, as if he doesn’t understand where he is and why he’s here.

What scoundrels they all are! - the military man jokes. - They try to bump into you or get run over by a horse. It was they who conspired.

Jonah looks back at the rider and moves his lips... He apparently wants to say something, but nothing comes out of his throat except a wheeze.

What? - asks the military man.

Jonah twists his mouth into a smile, tenses his throat and wheezes:

And my master, my son died this week.

Hm!.. Why did he die?

Jonah turns his whole body towards the rider and says:

And who knows! It must have been from a fever... He spent three days in the hospital and died... God's will.

Turn around, devil! - is heard in the darkness. - Did an old dog crawl out? Look with your eyes!

Go, go... - says the rider. - We won’t even get there until tomorrow. Adjust it!

The driver again cranes his neck, rises and swings his whip with heavy grace. Several times then he looks back at the rider, but he has closed his eyes and, apparently, is not in the mood to listen. Having dropped him off on Vyborgskaya, he stops at the tavern, bends over on the box and again does not move... The wet snow again paints him and his little horse white. An hour passes, then another...

Three young men walk along the sidewalk, loudly knocking their galoshes and arguing: two of them are tall and thin, the third is small and hunchbacked.

Cab driver, to the Police Bridge! - the humpback whale shouts in a rattling voice. - Three... two kopecks!

Jonah tugs the reins and smacks his lips. The two-kopeck price is not the same, but he doesn’t care about the price... Whether it’s a ruble or a nickel, it doesn’t matter to him now, if only there were riders... The young people, jostling and swearing, approach the sleigh and all three immediately climb onto the seat. The solution to the question begins: which two should sit, and which third should stand? After a long squabble, capriciousness and reproaches, they come to the decision that the humpback should stand like the smallest.

Well, let's go! - the humpback rattles, standing up and breathing into the back of Jonah’s head. - Loopy! And you have a hat, brother! You can't find anything worse in all of St. Petersburg...

Gee... gee... - Jonah laughs. - Such as there is...

Well, you are what you are, drive! So are you going to drive all the way? Yes? And on the neck?..

My head is hurting... - says one of the long ones. “Yesterday at the Dukmasovs’, Vaska and I drank four bottles of cognac.

I don’t understand why you lie! - the other long one gets angry. - He lies like a beast.

God punish me, really...

This is as true as the fact that a louse coughs.

Gee! - Jonah grins. - Merry gentlemen!

Fie, damn you!.. - the hunchback is indignant. -Are you going, old cholera, or not? Is that how they drive? Beat her with a whip! But damn! But! Nice of her!

Jonah feels the spinning body and vocal tremor of a humpback whale behind him. He hears swearing directed at him, sees people, and the feeling of loneliness begins to gradually lift from his chest. The hunchback scolds until he chokes on an elaborate, six-story curse and bursts into coughing. The long ones begin to talk about some Nadezhda Petrovna. Jonah looks back at them. After waiting for a short pause, he looks around again and mutters:

And this week... my son died!

We’ll all die... - the hunchback sighs, wiping his lips after coughing. - Well, drive, drive! Gentlemen, I absolutely cannot go on like this! When will he get us there?

And you lightly cheer him up... in the neck!

Old cholera, do you hear? After all, I’m crippling my neck!.. To stand on ceremony with your brother, to walk on foot!.. Do you hear, Zmey Gorynych? Or do you not care about our words?

And Jonah hears more than he feels the sounds of a slap on the head.

Gee... - he laughs. - Merry gentlemen... God bless you!

Cab driver, are you married? - asks the long one.

Me? Gee... merry gentlemen! Now the shoal has only one wife - damp earth... He-ho-ho... A grave, that is!.. My son died, but I’m alive... A wonderful thing, death has become a door... to come to me, she to her son...

And Jonah turns around to tell how his son died, but then the hunchback sighs lightly and declares that, thank God, they have finally arrived. Having received two kopecks, Jonah stares for a long time after the revelers disappearing into the dark entrance. Again he is lonely, and again silence sets in for him... The melancholy that has subsided for a short time appears again and expands his chest with even greater force. Jonah's eyes anxiously and martyrically run through the crowds scurrying on both sides of the street: is there not one of these thousands of people who would listen to him? But the crowds flee, not noticing either him or the melancholy... The melancholy is enormous, knowing no boundaries. If Jonah’s chest had burst and melancholy poured out of it, it would seem to have filled the whole world, but, nevertheless, it is not visible. She managed to fit into such an insignificant shell that you cannot see her during the day with fire...

Jonah sees the janitor with a bag and decides to talk to him.

Darling, what time will it be now? - he asks.

Tenth... What happened here? Drive on!

Jonah moves away a few steps, bends over and gives in to melancholy... He considers it no longer useful to address people. But not even five minutes have passed before he straightens up, shakes his head as if he felt a sharp pain, and tugs on the reins... He can’t bear it.

“To the court,” he thinks. - To the yard!

And the little horse, as if understanding his thought, begins to trot. An hour and a half later, Jonah is already sitting near a large dirty stove. People are snoring on the stove, on the floor, on the benches. There is a “spiral” and stuffiness in the air... Jonah looks at the sleeping people, scratches himself and regrets that he returned home so early...

“And I didn’t go to the oats,” he thinks. - That’s why there’s melancholy. A man who knows his business... who is well-fed, and his horse is well-fed, is always at peace...”

In one of the corners a young cab driver rises, quacks sleepily and reaches for a bucket of water.

Do you want to drink? - asks Jonah.

So, drink!

So... To your health... And my brother, my son died... Did you hear? This week in the hospital... History!

Jonah looks at the effect his words had, but sees nothing. The young man has covered his head and is already asleep. The old man sighs and itches... Just as the young man wanted to drink, so he wants to talk. Soon it will be a week since my son died, and he still hasn’t spoken to anyone... We need to talk clearly, in detail... We need to tell how our son got sick, how he suffered, what he said before his death, how he died... You need to describe the funeral and the trip to the hospital to buy the deceased’s clothes. His daughter Anisya remains in the village... And we need to talk about her... But who knows what he can talk about now? The listener should groan, sigh, lament... And talking to women is even better. Even though they are fools, they roar at just two words.

“Let’s go look at the horse,” Jonah thinks. “You’ll always have time to sleep... You’ll probably get some sleep...”

He gets dressed and goes to the stable where his horse is. He thinks about oats, hay, the weather... He can’t think about his son when he’s alone... You can talk to someone about him, but it’s unbearably creepy to think about him and draw his image for yourself...

Are you chewing? - Jonah asks his horse, seeing its sparkling eyes. - Well, chew, chew... If we didn’t go out to harvest oats, we’ll eat hay... Yes... I’m getting old now... My son should be driving, not me... He was a real cab driver... If only I could live...

Jonah is silent for a while and continues:

So, brother filly... Kuzma Ionych is gone... He ordered him to live long... He took it and died in vain... Now, let’s say, you have a foal, and you are this foal’s own mother... And suddenly, let’s say, this same foal ordered to live long... It’s a pity, isn’t it?

The little horse chews, listens and breathes into the hands of its owner...

Literature test Tosca (A.P. Chekhov) for 9th grade students. The test consists of two options, each option contains 5 short-answer tasks and 3 general tasks with a detailed answer.

To whom shall I convey my sorrow?..
Evening twilight. Large wet snow lazily swirls around the newly lit lamps and falls in a thin soft layer on the roofs, horses' backs, shoulders, and hats. The cab driver Iona Potapov is as white as a ghost. He is bent over, as far as it is possible for a living body to bend, sits on the box and does not move. If a whole snowdrift had fallen on him, even then, it seems, he would not have found it necessary to shake off the snow... His little horse is also white and motionless. With its immobility, angular shape and stick-like straightness of its legs, even up close it looks like a penny gingerbread horse. She is, in all likelihood, lost in thought. Anyone who has been torn from the plow, from the usual gray pictures and thrown here into this pool, full of monstrous lights, restless crackling and running people, cannot help but think...
Jonah and his little horse have not moved for a long time. They left the yard before lunch, but still there was no move. But then the evening darkness descends on the city. The pallor of the street lamps gives way to vibrant colors, and the bustle of the streets becomes noisier.
- Cab driver, to Vyborgskaya! - Jonah hears. - Cab driver!
Jonah shudders and through his eyelashes, covered with snow, sees a military man in an overcoat with a hood.
- To Vyborgskaya! - the military man repeats. - Are you sleeping, or what? To Vyborgskaya!
As a sign of agreement, Jonah pulls the reins, causing layers of snow to fall from the horse’s back and from his shoulders... The military man sits down in the sleigh. The driver smacks his lips, stretches his neck like a swan, sits up and, more out of habit than necessity, waves his whip. The little horse also cranes its neck, bends its stick-like legs and hesitantly moves from its place...
- Where are you going, devil! - at first Jonah hears exclamations from the dark mass moving back and forth. -Where the hell are they going? Keep it right!
- You don’t know how to drive! Keep your rights! — the military man is angry.
The coachman from the carriage scolds, a passer-by, who was crossing the road and bumped into the horse’s face with his shoulder, looks angrily and shakes snow off his sleeve. Jonah fidgets on the box as if on pins and needles, pokes his elbows to the sides and moves his eyes like a madman, as if he doesn’t understand where he is and why he’s here.
- What scoundrels they all are! - the military man jokes. “They try to bump into you or get run over by a horse.” It was they who conspired.
Jonah looks back at the rider and moves his lips... He apparently wants to say something, but nothing comes out of his throat except a wheeze.
- What? - asks the military man.
Jonah twists his mouth into a smile, tenses his throat and wheezes:
- And my master, my son died this week.
- Hm!.. Why did he die?
Jonah turns his whole body towards the rider and says:
- Who knows! It must have been from a fever... I spent three days in the hospital and died... God's will.
- Turn off, devil! - is heard in the darkness. - Did an old dog crawl out? Look with your eyes!
“Go, go...” says the rider. “We won’t even get there until tomorrow.” Adjust it!
The driver again cranes his neck, rises and swings his whip with heavy grace. Several times then he looks back at the rider, but he has closed his eyes and, apparently, is not in the mood to listen. Having dropped him off on Vyborgskaya, he stops at the tavern, bends over on the box and again does not move... The wet snow again paints him and his little horse white. An hour passes, then another...

1 option

Short answer questions

1. What is the name of the saying that precedes a work and expresses its main idea?

2. What is the description of nature in a literary work called?

Evening twilight. Large wet snow lazily swirls around the newly lit lamps and falls in a thin soft layer on the roofs, horses’ backs, shoulders, hats...

3.

The cab driver Iona Potapov is as white as a ghost.

4.

The wet snow again paints him and his little horse white.

5. What is the name of the visual medium?

Who was torn from the plow, from usual gray paintings and thrown here into this pool full of monstrous lights, restless cod and running people, you can’t help but think...

Long answer questions

7.

8.

Option 2

Short answer questions

1. Name the type of literature to which the work belongs.

2. What is the description of the appearance of the hero of a literary work called?

The cab driver Iona Potapov is as white as a ghost. He is bent over, as far as it is possible for a living body to bend, sits on the box and does not move.

3. Please enter a name visual medium:

Large wet the snow lazily swirls around the newly lit lanterns and thin soft lies in a layer on roofs, horse backs, shoulders, hats.

4. What is the name of the means of allegorical expression?

She (the horse), in all likelihood, is immersed in thought. Anyone who has been torn from the plow, from the usual gray pictures and thrown here into this pool, full of monstrous lights, restless crackling and running people, cannot help but think...

5. Indicate the name of the visual medium:

Jonah fidgets on the box, like on pins and needles, pokes to the sides with his elbows and moves his eyes, like crazy, as if he doesn’t understand, where is he and why is he here.

Long answer questions

7. How does Jonah appear in this episode?

8. Compare fragments from the works of A.P. Chekhov's "Tosca" and I.S. Turgenev "Mumu". How are the characters’ experiences and their emotional states similar?

Fragment of the work by I.S. Turgenev "Mumu"

He grabbed her hand, rushed across the entire courtyard and, entering with her into the room where the council was meeting, pushed her straight to Capito. Tatyana just froze... Gerasim stood, looked at her, waved his hand, grinned and walked, stepping heavily, into his closet... He didn’t come out of there for a whole day. Postilion Antipka later said that through a crack he saw Gerasim, sitting on the bed, putting his hand to his cheek, singing quietly, measuredly and only occasionally mooing, that is, swaying, closing his eyes and shaking his head, like coachmen or barge haulers when they draw out their mournful songs. Antipka felt terrified, and he moved away from the crack. When Gerasim came out of the closet the next day, no particular change could be noticed in him. He only seemed to become more gloomy, but did not pay the slightest attention to Tatyana and Kapiton. That same evening, both of them, with geese under their arms, went to the lady and got married a week later. On the very day of the wedding, Gerasim did not change his behavior in any way; Only he arrived from the river without water: he once broke a barrel on the road; and at night in the stable he cleaned and rubbed his horse so diligently that it staggered like a blade of grass in the wind and swayed from foot to foot under his iron fists.
All this happened in the spring. Another year passed, during which Kapiton finally became an alcoholic and, as a man absolutely worthless, was sent with a convoy to a distant village, together with his wife... When everything was ready and the men already held the reins in their hands and were only waiting for the words: “With God!” Gerasim came out of his closet, approached Tatyana and gave her a red paper handkerchief, which he had bought for her a year ago, as a souvenir. Tatyana, who until that moment had endured all the vicissitudes of her life with great indifference, here, however, could not stand it, burst into tears and, getting into the cart, kissed Gerasim three times in a Christian manner. He wanted to accompany her to the outpost and first walked next to her cart, but suddenly stopped at the Crimean Ford, waved his hand and set off along the river.
It was late in the evening. He walked quietly and looked at the water. Suddenly it seemed to him that something was floundering in the mud near the shore. He bent down and saw a small puppy, white with black spots, who, despite all his efforts, could not get out of the water; he struggled, slid and trembled with his entire wet and thin body. Gerasim looked at the unfortunate dog, picked it up with one hand, put it in his bosom and took long steps home.

Answers to the literature test Tosca (A.P. Chekhov)
1 option
1. epigraph
2. landscape
3. comparison
4. metaphor (personification)
5. epithet
Option 2
1. epic
2. portrait
3. epithet
4. personification
5. comparison

Regional state government educational institution

"Boarding school for students

With disabilities health No. 26"

MO of teachers of the humanities

Literature test

"Stories by A.P. Chekhov"

for 7th grade

Literature teacher

Tulupova Larisa Sergeevna

Ulyanovsk, 2017

annotation

This methodological work provides materials for conducting a test based on the stories of A.P. Chekhov “Chameleon”, “Intruder”, “Melancholy”, “Wool” and can be used to test the level of assimilation of the content of these stories.

Instructions

To complete the test you are given 20-25 min. The specified time and its variability are due to the fact that this testing is carried out at a school for students with severe speech impairments, which increases the time required for students to read and comprehend the formulated question. IN secondary school the time to complete this test may be reduced up to 15 min.

From the proposed answer options for each question, students must choose one correct one. The answer must be entered into the “Answers” ​​form attached to the test, which students fill out, entering their full name, class and answers. No notes are made on the test form!

For each correct answer, the student receives 1 point. The points are summed up and taken into account when assigning a grade in accordance with test evaluation criteria(attached).

Upon completion of the test, it is analyzed and the correct answers are commented on.

Before the test, students are given explanations on the technique of performing it, and are also given some adviсe:

Don't stay too long on one task. If you are in doubt about the answer, you should move on to the next question, and at the end of the work, return to the missed tasks.

For each question you give only one answer.

The letter designation of the correct answer, in your opinion, must be entered in the “Answers” ​​form. This form must be filled out: indicate your full name. (in gender) and class.

20-25 minutes are allotted to complete the task. Good job!

Key for checking the test (answers):

Test evaluation criteria:

"5" - 14 - 15 points,

"4" - 10 - 13 points

"3" - 6 - 9 points

"2" - 1 - 5 points

"1"- 0 points

Form with test

1. In what city was A.P. Chekhov born?

a) in Taganrog; b) in Tambov; c) Thule.

2.What university department did he study at?

a) legal; b) philosophical; c) medical.

3. Main character"Chameleon":

a) Ochumelov; b) Oats; c) Denis Grigoriev.

4. Ochumelov’s attitude towards Khryukin changes due to the fact that he:

a) figured out what happened; b) felt sorry for the goldsmith; c) found out whose dog it is.

5. Who in A.P. Chekhov’s story can be called “ha-meleon”?

a) Ochumelov; b) Khryukin; c) Eldyrina; d) cooks; d) a crowd of onlookers.

6. The meaning of the title of the story “Chameleon” is due to the fact that:

a) Ochumelov alternately takes off and then puts on his overcoat;

b) the warden changes his preferences and beliefs, like a chameleon changes its color.

7. Portrait of the hero from “The Intruder”: “...A small, extremely skinny little man in a motley shirt and patched ports. His hairy and rowan-eaten face and eyes<...>have an expression of gloomy severity. On his head there is a whole cap of long unkempt, tangled hair...” - testifies to his:

a) poverty; b) laziness; c) efficiency.

8. What crime was Denis Grigoriev accused of?

a) intentionally caused damage to the railway;

b) theft on the railway;

c) insult to personality.

9. What did peasants use nuts for??

a) strengthened the furniture; b) used in agriculture; c) made sinkers.

10. Who does Mitrofan Petrov sell seines to?

a) gentlemen; b) peasants; c) butt.

11. Name the profession of the main character of Chekhov’s story “Tosca” by Jonah Potapov:

a) worker; b) cab driver; c) jeweler.

12. What kind of grief that Iona Potapov is trying to tell about happened in his family:

a) wife died; b) the house burned down; c) my son died.

13. Who at the end of the story “Tosca” listens to the story of Jonah Potapov:

a) military; b) young people; c) janitor; d) horse.

14. Name the profession of the heroine of Chekhov’s story “The Slut” Yulia Vasilievna:

a) governess; b) cook; c) maid.

a) constantly complains of feeling unwell;

b) cooks poorly and tastelessly;

c) cannot stand up for himself.

Answer form

Test based on the stories of A.P. Chekhov “Chameleon”, “Intruder”, “Melancholy”, “Wool”

teaching____ 7th grade ________________________________________________

Answers:

1.__ 2.__ 3.__ 4.__ 5.__ 6.__ 7.__ 8.__ 9.__ 10.___ 11.__ 12.__ 13.__ 14.__ 15.__

To whom shall I convey my sorrow?..
Evening twilight. Large wet snow lazily swirls around the newly lit lamps and falls in a thin soft layer on the roofs, horses' backs, shoulders, and hats.
The cab driver Iona Potapov is as white as a ghost. He is bent over, as far as it is possible for a living body to bend, sits on the box and does not move. If a whole snowdrift had fallen on him, even then, it seems, he would not have found it necessary to shake off the snow... His little horse is also white and motionless. With its immobility, angular shape and stick-like straightness of its legs, even up close it looks like a penny gingerbread horse.
She is, in all likelihood, lost in thought. Anyone who has been torn away from the plow, from the usual gray pictures and thrown here into this pool, full of monstrous lights, restless crackling and running people, cannot help but think...
Jonah and his little horse have not moved for a long time. They left the yard before lunch, but still there was no move. But then the evening darkness descends on the city. The pallor of the street lamps gives way to vibrant colors, and the bustle of the streets becomes noisier.
- Cab driver, to Vyborgskaya! - Jonah hears. - Cab driver!
Jonah shudders and through his eyelashes, covered with snow, sees a military man in an overcoat with a hood.
- To Vyborgskaya! - the military man repeats. - Are you sleeping, or what? To Vyborgskaya!
As a sign of agreement, Jonah pulls the reins, causing layers of snow to fall from the horse’s back and from his shoulders... The military man sits down in the sleigh. The driver smacks his lips, stretches his neck like a swan, sits up and, more out of habit than necessity, waves his whip.
The little horse also cranes its neck, bends its stick-like legs and moves hesitantly...
- Where are you going, devil! - at first Jonah hears exclamations from the dark mass moving back and forth. -Where the hell are they going? Keep it right!
- You don’t know how to drive! Keep your rights! - the military man is angry.
The coachman from the carriage scolds, a passer-by, who was crossing the road and bumped into the horse’s face with his shoulder, looks angrily and shakes snow off his sleeve. Jonah fidgets on the box as if on pins and needles, pokes his elbows to the sides and moves his eyes like a madman, as if he doesn’t understand where he is and why he’s here.
- What scoundrels they all are! - the military man jokes. - They try to bump into you or get run over by a horse. It was they who conspired.
Jonah looks back at the rider and moves his lips... He apparently wants to say something, but nothing comes out of his throat except a wheeze.
- What? - asks the military man.
Jonah twists his mouth into a smile, tenses his throat and wheezes:
- And my master, my son died this week.
- Hm!.. Why did he die?
Jonah turns his whole body towards the rider and says:
- Who knows! It must have been from a fever... He spent three days in the hospital and died... God's will.
- Turn off, devil! - is heard in the darkness. - Did an old dog crawl out?
Look with your eyes!
- Go, go... - says the rider. - We won’t even get there until tomorrow.
Adjust it!
The driver again cranes his neck, rises and swings his whip with heavy grace.
Several times then he looks back at the rider, but he has closed his eyes and, apparently, is not in the mood to listen. Having dropped him off on Vyborgskaya, he stops at the tavern, bends over on the box and again does not move... The wet snow again paints him and his little horse white. An hour passes, then another...

Short answer questions

1 option

1. What is the name of the saying that precedes a work and expresses its main idea?

2. What is the description of nature in a literary work called?
Evening twilight. Large wet snow lazily swirls around the newly lit lamps and falls in a thin soft layer on the roofs, horses' backs, shoulders, hats...

3. Indicate the name of the visual device: The cab driver Iona Potapov is all white, like a ghost.

The wet snow again paints him and his little horse white.

5. What is the name of the visual medium?
Anyone who has been torn away from the plow, from the usual gray pictures and thrown here into this pool, full of monstrous lights, restless crackling and running people, cannot help but think...

Option 2

1. Name the type of literature to which the work belongs.

2. What is the description of the appearance of the hero of a literary work called?
The cab driver Iona Potapov is as white as a ghost. He is bent over, as far as it is possible for a living body to bend, sits on the box and does not move.

3. Indicate the name of the visual medium: Large wet snow lazily swirls around the newly lit lamps and falls in a thin soft layer on the roofs, horses' backs, shoulders, and hats.

4. What is the name of the means of allegorical expressiveness?
She (the horse), in all likelihood, is immersed in thought. Anyone who has been torn away from the plow, from the usual gray pictures and thrown here into this pool, full of monstrous lights, restless crackling and running people, cannot help but think...

5. Indicate the name of the visual medium:
Jonah fidgets on the box as if on pins and needles, pokes his elbows to the sides and moves his eyes like a madman, as if he doesn’t understand where he is and why he’s here.

ANSWERS

1 option

1. epigraph
2. landscape
3. comparison
4. metaphor // personification
5. epithet

Option 2

1. epic
2. portrait
3. epithet
4. personification
5. comparison

Bespalova Irina Vladimirovna

Place of work, position:

Krasnodar region, Labinsk, municipal educational institution secondary school No. 2, teacher of Russian language and literature

Krasnodar region

Characteristics of the lesson (lesson)

The level of education:

All levels of education

The target audience:

Teacher (teacher)

Class(es):

Item(s):

Literature

The purpose of the lesson:

Task: preparation for the Unified State Examination Goals: - continue to develop the ability to analyze a literary text - develop ideas about the genre features of a story - repeat theoretical concepts: composition, story, expressive means of language, landscape - “eliminate from yourself all spiritual rubbishness”

Lesson type:

Lesson of studying and primary consolidation of new knowledge

Students in the class (auditorium):

Equipment used:

Equipment: ICT, texts, cards, tests

Short description:

During the classes.

1. Organizational moment.

Motivation for cognitive activity.

The famous Russian writer Korney Chukovsky said: “Chekhov had the least claim to the role of a preacher, an ideological leader youth, and yet we managed to protect ourselves from many dark and unworthy actions only because he, as if with a click, eradicated from us all spiritual trashiness ».

Can we say these words about us today? We will try to answer this question today in class.

Cold rain knocks on the window. The narrow street is deserted. Only occasionally do the wheels of the carriage tap on the cobblestones. In late autumn, Yalta evokes melancholy. Outside the window of a small house is the silhouette of a man in pince-nez. Here, in Yalta, Chekhov spent his last, most difficult years, months, days. Here he was torn away from Moscow, from his beloved Moscow Art Theater, friends, and wife. Here he was alone with a fatal illness and especially clearly felt how inevitably and inexorably the denouement was approaching. What can a person in this position feel and think about? And Chekhov plants flowers, carries on correspondence, helps people he knows in solving life problems... You can’t help but be amazed spiritual power this fragile-looking one seriously ill person.

Where is she from? What feeds her? Of course his creativity.

Today we will get acquainted with A.P. Chekhov’s story “Tosca,” written in 1886.

2. Topic, goals.

What does it mean to be lonely?

Can a person be lonely among people?

Do you feel lonely?

3.Updating knowledge of skills. D/Z check

You have already read the story at home. But just reading Chekhov's story is not enough. To understand the true meaning of his works, you need to pay attention to every detail.

Test according to the text.

1. What time of day does the action take place? (evening)

2. driver's name and surname? (Iona Potapov)

3. who listened to Jonah? (nobody)

4. Who is Jonah's wife? (damp earth)

5. What punctuation mark is at the end of the story? (ellipses)

So, the story is called “Tosca”

IN.What's it like lexical meaning this word? What do you think “melancholy” is?

Yearning and.

Yearning and

IN. Before we begin to analyze this work, let's remember what a story is.

Story- a prose work of small volume with dynamic development of the plot; one episode, an event from the hero’s life or several events is depicted; There are few characters, the described action is limited in time. Great importance is attached to the ending (it should be “shock”)

Individual work using cards.

Instructions.

Operating time - 5 minutes. Presentation time: 1 minute.

Support your thoughts with text. The comment must be reasoned.

When taking the Unified State Exam, it is important to fulfill the condition: complete the work in 4 hours. This means that the ability to complete a task in the allotted time is….(the key to success in the exam)

Card No. 1.

1.How many times does Jonah try to tell about his son’s death? (3)

2. Write down the reaction of the interlocutors. (the son died - from what? ... go; the son died - we’ll all die, hurry up; the son died - ..... (no answer)

3.What is the name of this expressive device? (repeat)

4.Comment.

Card No. 2

1. At what time of day did the events of the story take place? (In the evening)

2. Write down the change in evening lighting (evening twilight - evening haze - darkness).

3. What is the name of this expressive device? (gradation)

4.How many times does this change occur? (3)

5.Comment.

Card No. 3

1. Write down verbs from the text that characterize the actions of a crowded city (dark masses moving- crowds are running- crowds scurrying around )

2. How many times does Chekhov talk about this in the story? (3)

3.Comment.

Card No. 4 .

1. Extract from the text how Jonah’s address to the horse changes.

2. How the emotional connotation of the word changed (from the contemptuous horse, to the neutral - horse - to the diminutive - filly)

3. What is the name of such vocabulary (words 1 and 3)? (expressive)

Please comment.

Find together: the motive of loneliness.

The feeling of loneliness - lonely - melancholy - enormous melancholy - gives in to melancholy - melancholy - unbearable for him.

IN. What artistic technique did Chekhov use to convey Jonah's melancholy? (gradation, reinforcement through repetition, emotional coloring of words, verbs)

IN. Guys, what other persistently repeated detail did we encounter in this story? (number 3)

IN. In what genre does this figure constantly appear? (fairy tale)

IN. Maybe someone noticed another turn of phrase that immediately reminded me of a folk song? (damp earth)

IN. What do you think the writer wanted to tell us with this, because in Chekhov every artistic detail matters? Maybe this will help us understand epigraph? The beginning of the spiritual verse “Joseph's Lamentation and the Story”

To whom shall we take my sorrow?

Whom shall I call to weep?

Just for you, my Lord,

My sadness is known.

Conclusion: Jonah the cabman's son died. Jonah wants to tell someone about this, talk, pour out his soul and thus alleviate the grief at least a little. But, it turns out, there is no one to tell! No man wants to listen to Jonah, and he ends up telling everything... to his horse.

IN.Read the last sentence expressively. How do you explain the ellipsis?

Indifference is laziness of the soul. After all, a person needs so little from people - they need to listen to him, say a kind word, smile. But even this little thing is not so much a pity, it’s just too lazy to sympathize, understand...

Independent work.

Underline the lexical meaning of the word on the card yearning, which most suits Chekhov's story.

Card No. 5

Yearning and. oppression of the spirit, yearning of the soul, painful sadness, mental anxiety, anxiety, fear, boredom, grief, sadness, grief, heartache.

V. Dal " Dictionary living Great Russian language"

Yearning and

1. Mental anxiety combined with sadness, despondency//

2.unfold Boredom, despondency caused by the monotony of the situation, lack of interests, etc.

T.F. Efremova “New Dictionary of the Russian Language”

Let's go back to the question that I asked at the beginning of the lesson: “he eradicated all kinds of things from us.” spiritual trashiness ».

Can we say these words about us today?

Where is life? Even the rustle of a leaf

She would have let it slip.

But behind me there is emptiness,

But behind me there is silence.

And I'm afraid to step forward,

Step into a black forest as if into a hole,

Where memory takes you by the hand

And - there is no heaven.

Varlam Shalamov 1938

IN.Do you think there is anything in common between A.P. Chekhov’s story “Tosca,” written in 1886, a poem by a poet and writer who, like A. Solzhenitsyn, went through the Gulag Varlam Shalamov, written in 1938, and a picture of modern artist R. Vedeneev, painted in 2007.

(theme of loneliness, teaches sympathy, understanding of a person).

So, Chekhov became a standard of intelligence for Russia and the whole world, he became a man who, despite the routine, vulgarity, hopelessness of life, does not allow himself to deviate from moral norms, who approaches himself with the highest moral requirements and at the same time is unusually soft and considerate towards others to people. At the heart of such a personality is tireless spiritual activity, which saves him from moral corrosion and spiritual impoverishment.

Results

D/Zstr.27, issue 7