A great victory. virtual guide. "70 years of Victory" (medal). Anniversary medals for veterans of the Great Patriotic War. Grounds for awarding

The war with the Nazis was terrible. How many lives did she interrupt? How many destinies have you crippled! How many cities and towns were destroyed to the ground! Thanks to the valiant and fearless Soviet army, it was possible to drive out this evil spirit not only from our lands, but also to help the occupied countries of Europe free themselves from the horrors of fascism. Paying tribute to the unparalleled dedication of the Soviet people who fought on all fronts of the Second World War, Russian President Putin issued a Decree “On the anniversary medal “70 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War.” This Decree has a special provision and instructions for its delivery. 70 years is a very long time. Now those who were beardless youths in 1945 are already very old people. Every year there are fewer and fewer of them, WWII veterans. The “70 Years of Victory” medal is a great opportunity for all of us to express our recognition to these people and say “many thanks to them.”

Anniversary Awards

After the completion of any great and significant event, years inevitably pass. They fade vivid memories, dull sensations, and force a lot to be reconsidered and rethought. To prevent the memory of the past from being erased, it is customary to issue memorial signs and awards for each anniversary, which are presented to people who took part in the event. These are the anniversary medals dedicated to the victory over the Nazis. The first of them was released in 1965, when the 20th anniversary of the great Victory was celebrated. Then such medals began to be issued every 10 years. That is, there are awards and insignia for the 30th anniversary of this great event, for the 40th anniversary, and, of course, for the 50th anniversary. We prepared especially carefully for this anniversary, since 50 years is a round date. The award to veterans, presented in 1995, became significant. In 2000, which itself was an anniversary year, a medal was issued for the 55th anniversary of the Victory. We can say that it has become a tradition to hold awards not after 10, but after 5 years. Since in 2005, veterans were awarded medals for the 60th anniversary, and in 2010 - for the 65th anniversary of this glorious event. The turn of 2015 has come. On its eve, a medal was approved and issued for a significant date - the 70th anniversary of our great Victory. About 3 million war veterans living in Russia, including Crimea, were nominated for the award.

Description of medals awarded to veterans in 1965-1985

Receiving awards is always an honor and pleasure. They give people who survived the terrible years of war the confidence that their feat is not forgotten by the modern generation. awarded since 1965, have different designs for both obverse and reverse. The only thing they have in common is that each has an “ear.” It connects to the ring. With its help, the award is attached to the block, which has a pin on the back side. The front side of the block is covered with moire tape. The reverse of the medals is also almost identical. On each there is an inscription in large raised letters, telling how many years have passed since the Victory Day, desired by all people. Some commemorative awards also have additional markings on the reverse side. Let's give a brief description of what medals looked like for the anniversary of Victory Day in different years:

1965 (20th anniversary of our Great Victory). The metal from which the award is made is brass. The diameter is 32 mm. Obverse: depicts a monument erected in Treptower Park. It is a sculpture of a Soviet soldier-liberator with a rescued girl in his arms. There are two laurel branches under the feet of a Soviet soldier. In the center of the medal are the numbers “1945-1965”. Reverse: an inscription in large letters around the circle, saying that 20 years have passed since the Great Victory. In the center is a star with diverging rays. On its background there are Roman numerals “XX”. Ribbon: green and black stripes on a red background.

1975 (30th anniversary of our Great Victory). Metal - brass. The diameter is 36 mm. Obverse: against the background of festive fireworks, a convex image of the well-known sculpture by Vuchetich and Nikitin “Motherland”. On the left side there is a star, two laurel branches and the numbers “1954-1975”. Reverse: at the top there is the inscription “TO WAR PARTICIPANT”. In the center: “XXX VICTORY IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945.” At the bottom there is a hammer and sickle against the background of the ribbon. Ribbon: orange, black and greenish stripes on a red background.

1985 (40th anniversary of the Victory). Metal - brass. The diameter is 32 mm. Obverse: images of a soldier, worker and peasant against the background of a large star without rays, the Kremlin tower, two laurel branches and the inscription “1945-1985”. Reverse: at the top there is the inscription “TO WAR PARTICIPANT”. In the center there is an inscription in raised letters that 40 years have passed since our Victory in the Second World War. Below this inscription is an image of a ribbon, and above it is a small sign of a hammer and sickle. Moire ribbon: green, orange and black stripes on a red background.

Description of the 1995 award

There was a time when we were all citizens of one country, in which there was no division along national lines. Therefore, all war veterans, regardless of their place of residence, were given awards of the same type. Even in 1095, when the country began to be torn apart for the sake of political and personal ambitions, the medal for the 50th anniversary of the glorious Victory over the Nazis was the same for all veterans. It became the last award that all participants in the war received, regardless of what corner of the Soviet Union they lived in.

Description of the medal issued for the 50th anniversary of our great Victory:

Metal - tombak (brass with impurities of copper and zinc). The standard diameter is 32 mm. Obverse: depicts the Spasskaya Tower, the world-famous Cathedral of the Intercession on the Moat, part of the Kremlin wall, fireworks. Below is a convex image (one color) of the Order of the Patriotic War, two branches of the laurel, the inscription “1945-1995”. Reverse: laurel branches below. Above them is an inscription in large print that 50 years have passed since the long-awaited Victory over the Nazis. Ribbon: wide red stripe, narrow black (3 pcs.) and orange (4 pcs.) stripes.

The Soviet Union collapsed. The Baltic republics left its composition, becoming independent countries. They began to view the victory in the Second World War from a different perspective. All awards to its participants were cancelled.

XXI Century

In the new century and millennium, some countries formed from the republics of the USSR continued the glorious tradition of rewarding their WWII veterans. Commemorative medals dedicated to the 55th, 60th and 65th anniversary of the Great Victory were issued and awarded. They all have the same diameter of 32 mm. This is what they looked like over the years:

2000 (55th anniversary of the Victory). Metal - tampak. Obverse: image of the climax of the Victory Parade, held on Red Square in 1945, the mausoleum, the Kremlin wall, the famous Spasskaya Tower, the inscription in three-dimensional letters “55 years”. Reverse: in the center there is the inscription “VICTORY OF THE SOVIET PEOPLE IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945.” At the bottom there are laurel branches, at the intersection of which there is a hammer and sickle. Ribbon: a combination of red, white, blue, black and yellow stripes.

2005 (60th anniversary of our Great Victory). Metal - tampak. Obverse: the Order of Victory is depicted in the center. At the bottom are the numbers “1045-2005”. Reverse: laurel branches in a circle. In the center there is a raised inscription stating that 60 years have passed since the Victory Day. Ribbon: A central red stripe bordered by orange and black stripes.

2010 (65th anniversary of our Great Victory). Metal - tampak. Obverse: in the center is the Order of Glory, 1st class. At the bottom (under the order) are the numbers “1945-2010”. Reverse: there is only an inscription that 65 years have passed since our Victory in the war against the Nazis. Ribbon: black and orange stripes in the center, red stripes on the edges.

Analogues of this medal were issued in Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan.

70 years of the significant Victory over the Nazis

In 2015, all civilized people of the world celebrated the 70th anniversary of the greatest and very long-awaited Victory over the Nazis. By this date, several anniversary awards were issued at once, including the medal “70 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.” A decree was issued establishing this award, signed by Putin. This document is registered under No. 931. It came into force on December 23, 2013. The Regulations on this medal were also signed, which indicated the categories of people worthy of the award, identified the manufacturing enterprises and persons responsible for the implementation of the Decree.

In 2014, on June 4, a Presidential Order was issued, which approved instructions for presenting the award. The lists of those awarded were to be compiled by heads of local municipalities (in settlements where veterans live), and in foreign countries - by ambassadors of the Russian Federation. They were ordered to send lists to the Russian Foreign Ministry. The award and the accompanying certificate were to be presented only in a solemn atmosphere. Those awarded the “70 Years of Victory” medal are not provided with any additional benefits.

Reason for the award

The job of making lists is not as easy as it may seem. Responsible persons are required to review a lot of information and check hundreds of documents.

The grounds for inclusion in the list of recipients are:

• Military ID.
• WWII Disabled Person's Certificate.
• Employment history.
• Certificate of military service or work during the Second World War, issued by a military unit or archive.
• Red Army book.
• Certificate of injury or other serious injury during the Second World War or the war with Japan.
• Certificate of a veteran or participant of the Second World War.
• Certificates of awarding commemorative medals in honor of previous anniversaries of the Victory over the Nazis, and/or Germany.
• Documents indicating awards and valiant labor shown during the hard times of war, for the defense of Moscow, Leningrad, Sevastopol, Odessa, Stalingrad, the Caucasus, Kyiv, and the Soviet Arctic.
• Sign “Resident of besieged Leningrad”.
• Documents confirming stay in concentration camps and ghettos.
• A certificate of rehabilitation confirming that citizens spent at least six months in exile, in prison, or in NKVD colonies during the Second World War.

Categories of recipients who took part in battles

According to the Presidential Decree, the award should be presented to:

• Military personnel and civilians who participated in combat operations during the Second World War.
• To the partisans.
• To the underground fighters, whose groups operated in the occupied lands.
• Persons who have anniversary awards in honor of the Victory over Germany and/or Japan.

Categories of persons who did not take part in battles

According to the Decree signed by President Putin, the medal “70 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945” Citizens who did not take part in the battles were awarded. Their categories are as follows:

• Prisoners of concentration camps and ghettos.
• People who “forged” victory in the rear and were awarded medals for their selfless work.
• People who worked during the war and received awards for labor excellence.
• Having received an award for labor valor during the war.
• Residents of besieged Leningrad.
• Persons who were awarded medals for the defense of certain cities (Moscow, Sevastopol, Kyiv, Leningrad, Stalingrad, Odessa, the Caucasus, the Arctic.
• Foreign citizens who fought in the ranks of the Soviet army, partisan detachments, underground organizations (we are not talking about residents of the CIS).

Description

Circulation of medals “70 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945.” was over 3 million, according to the census conducted in 2015.

This award looks like this: it is made of a silver alloy. The diameter is standard for awards of this type and is 32 mm. Obverse: there is an image (multi-color) of the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree. Below (under the order) are the numbers “1945-2015”. Reverse: laurel branches surrounded by a ribbon. In the center of the circle are the words “70 YEARS OF VICTORY IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945.” All images are made in relief. There is a border along the edge of the medal. Ribbon: Includes a red center stripe. It is bordered on both sides by brown stripes and alternating orange and black stripes.

Not all states accepted this appearance of the medal. So, in Moldova there will be no hammer and sickle on the front side of the award. Ukraine approved its medal, adding national attributes to its design.

The award must be worn on the chest on the left side, after the medal awarded for the 65th anniversary of the significant Victory.

Medal "70 years of Victory over Germany"

It was also released for the anniversary. It was approved by the Decision of the Commission on Memorial Signs and Public Awards. The document was adopted in 2015 on February 4. The chairman of the commission was M. M. Moiseev. In the Regulations on this award and on the medal “70 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945” much in common. The list of categories of people who received it is almost identical. The difference is that this award was additionally awarded to:

• Persons who make a major contribution to the activities of the veterans' movement.
• Participants in search activities.
• People who popularize military history.
• Members of military historical societies and clubs who take an active position in their work.

Description:

Metal - light bronze. The diameter is 32 mm. Obverse: in the center is an image of Stalin in profile, his face turned to the left. Dressed in the uniform of a Marshal of the USSR. At the top are raised letters: “OUR CAUSE IS RIGHT,” and at the bottom: “WE WILL WIN.” Reverse: in a circle there is the inscription “FOR VICTORY OVER GERMANY”, in smaller letters in the center there are clear letters: “IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945”, at the very bottom there is an asterisk. The ribbon is represented by alternating black and orange stripes.

Order badge

Veterans are awarded not only with commemorative medals. “70 years of the Great Victory” is an order badge, also issued for the significant anniversary. It looks almost identical to the Order of the Patriotic War. Its obverse is as follows: a five-pointed red star against a background of diverging golden rays and crossed sabers with a rifle. In the center of the star is the symbol of the hammer and sickle, framed in a white circle. On it there is the inscription “PATRIOTIC WAR”, at the bottom there is a small yellow asterisk. The difference between the awards is that the order is screwed into the clothing, and the commemorative sign has an eyelet, like on medals. With its help, the award is attached to a block covered with ribbon, on the back of which there is a pin.

Many people doubt the authenticity of this badge, because there is no information about it in the state registers of awards.

In conclusion, I would like to say that anniversary medals for Victory Day over the Nazis are important not only for veterans. We also need these awards as a reminder of the price at which this victory was achieved, so that we never allow the revival of fascism again.

Broadcast

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We are finishing the online broadcast of the May 9th celebration. Read our material about Victory Day in facts and figures.

So, not only historical, but also the latest promising models of military equipment passed through Red Square, including T-14 Armata tanks, Kurganets infantry fighting vehicles and Boomerang armored personnel carriers, Tiger and Typhoon armored vehicles. The parade traditionally included operational-tactical, anti-aircraft and strategic missile systems - Iskander, S-400 Triumph, Yars - and self-propelled guns. The audience was also shown the latest Coalition-SV installations. Members of the Berkut aerobatic team, a Tu-95 strategic bomber team, Tu-95 supersonic strategic bombers and a Tu-160 (“White Swan”) bomber flew over the square. The audience also saw the Su-27, Su-35, Su-30, MiG-31, MiG-29SMT, Su-34, and the Swifts and Russian Knights aerobatic teams.

“In general: at such events, the organization of security, reception, and assistance is always at the highest level,” says Gazeta.Ru correspondent Valery Volkov. “Security officers are polite and responsive, doctors are prompt and kind, police officers joke, and military personnel smile. If one of the guests needs help, he receives it instantly. Anyone - advice on which direction is best to leave the square, an ambulance if, God forbid, you become ill, a hand of support for the young volunteers who are on duty throughout the event to support them as they descend from the stands. Veterans are given flowers, photographs are taken with them, they are congratulated and thanked. If only it were like this every day in life, and not just on Red Square on May 9...”

For lovers of numbers. 16.5 thousand soldiers marched across Red Square, 194 pieces of equipment passed by, and 143 aircraft flew over. The parade was attended by 2.3 thousand veterans of the Great Patriotic War. Ten crews of the armed forces of the CIS member countries and friendly states took part in the parade. Among them are Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, India, Mongolia, Serbia and China. In general, almost 85 thousand Russian military personnel are involved in parades in approximately 30 Russian cities. 68 foreign leaders received invitations to the 70th anniversary of the Victory, but due to the crisis in Ukraine, only about 30 heads of state and government of foreign countries and heads of international organizations took part in the ceremonial events. Mainly Asian, African leaders and Moscow's allies from the CIS.

After the ceremony, foreign leaders walk through the Alexander Garden. At the head of the procession are Putin, Nazarbayev and Xi Jinping.

The wreath-laying ceremony begins, in which, in addition to Vladimir Putin, leaders of foreign states who arrived in Moscow take part. The Russian National Anthem is played again.

Putin and Shoigu, chatting animatedly, leave Red Square and head towards the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.

On the question of Shoigu crossing himself before the parade. This is what the future defense minister himself said in an interview with the Vremya Novostey newspaper: “I was baptized abroad. At the age of five in the city of Stakhanov. Now this is independent Ukraine.” Interesting coincidences.

“Fantastic coordination,” Gazeta.Ru correspondent Valery Volkov sums up the parade. — All participants and those responsible need a medal and a bonus. Dynamics, speed, accuracy. Worthy."

To the music of the song “Victory Day”, the combined orchestra leaves Red Square - the parade is coming to an end, but we do not say goodbye to you, we continue the broadcast.

The parade ends with the singing of the song “We are the Army of the People.”

A total of 143 aircraft will fly over Red Square.

The aerial part of the parade begins. At the helm of the first of the aircraft is Air Force Commander-in-Chief Viktor Bondarev.

In some Russian cities, the celebration does not come without incident.

In Chita, a Buk air defense system caught fire during the Victory Parade on Lenin Square. After extinguishing the fire, a military truck drove up to the installation and took it away on a trailer. Some footage of the parade in Moscow also shows thick smoke from a warehouse that caught fire in the northeast of the capital at Selskokhozyaystvennaya Street.

In addition, in Moscow, security forces destroyed the alternative exhibition “We won” by the group “Blue Rider” in the S-Art art gallery in Moscow, its organizers complained. The REN-TV report said that at the “Nazi” exhibition “the holy symbols of the Great Victory were trampled into the mud.”

And yesterday in Rostov-on-Don, part of the memorial to fallen soldiers on Karl Marx Square collapsed during the laying of flowers at the Eternal Flame by the Armenian delegation. A piece of the monument miraculously did not hit a 15-year-old student at gymnasium No. 19 in the Pervomaisky district.

“Technology is advancing at a wild speed,” reports a Gazeta.Ru correspondent. “The dynamics of this parade are fundamentally different.”

The passage of military equipment began.

“The last parts. Orange berets - Ministry of Emergency Situations. And they also walk great - proudly, easily.”

“And the airborne troops were amazing. They even clap for them.”

“The Chinese have surpassed everyone in, so to speak, “synchronization of legs,” writes Gazeta.Ru correspondent Valery Volkov. - Fantastic coherence. But our Marines certainly did no worse. Proudly, clearly and beautifully.”

Ukrainian authorities abandoned large-scale celebrations on May 9 due to the war in the east of the country. Instead, in Kyiv they are trying to cross historical traditions. In Russia, the activities of the UPA are officially prohibited.

By the way, the grandfather of another Gazeta.Ru correspondent, himself a participant in the war, said that the parade is one of the most difficult duties of the military, we see it as a beautiful ceremony, but many could not stand it and fainted during rehearsals or right during the action .

“They are definitely going faster than ever,” says Gazeta.Ru correspondent Valery Volkov. - Just marching to the limit. Apparently, due to the number of military personnel and the new elements of the parade, they all sped up their pace.”

Colorful Indian grenadiers march to the tune of the Katyusha.

Regiments of foreign countries are coming. Immediately after the Azerbaijanis are the Armenians, an interesting rapprochement. Behind them are the Belarusians, apparently in alphabetical order.

Despite the fact that Putin could not resist and nevertheless mentioned at the end about attempts to build a unipolar world, on the whole the speech turned out to be restrained, correct and worthy. Completed correctly. About those who are not with us. Everyone stood up. A minute of silence, the sound of a metronome.

It is interesting that Putin, it seems, never mentioned the word “fascism,” which has long been entrenched in Russian historiography, only “Nazism.”

The president and military personnel of those countries who will march along Red Square today together with the Russian military. Among them are soldiers from Belarus, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan, Serbia, China, and India. He notes the merits of each of these countries, in particular, he emphasizes that the main line of struggle against militarism passed through China, which, like Russia, lost millions of lives in this war. The day before, Gazeta.Ru columnist Fyodor Lukyanov spoke about the fact that we will increasingly compare ourselves with China precisely in a military context.

However, Putin recalls and his allies, thanks to the people of the USA and Great Britain.

Putin starts right off the bat by mentioning that “enlightened Europe” did not immediately see the ideas of fascism and racial superiority as a threat. And today the situation, according to Putin, “again calls for our vigilance.”

While the Russian president is speaking, it is worth noting that Kyiv is expectedly tough on the parade. “The army of the aggressor will thunder with its deadly power throughout the world. Some of the units were in Donetsk just a few days ago and will appear at the military parade in Moscow,” said Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko during the discussion “Consequences of the Second World War after 70 years” in Gdansk (Poland).

The speech of the President of Russia, Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Armed Forces Vladimir Putin begins.

While the head of the military department is touring the parade formations, congratulating them on the 70th anniversary of the Victory, let us say that more than 16 thousand people will take part in the parade on Red Square today, 143 aircraft will fly over, and 194 units of military equipment will fly by.

“Visually one gets the impression that there are much fewer veterans than a year ago,” reports Valery Volkov, Gazeta.Ru correspondent. “At last year’s parade there were still many elderly people, old people wearing medals and with tears in their eyes. Now there are many employees of the presidential administration, members of the government; right before the start, Nikita Mikhalkov walked in a businesslike gait. A place was quickly found for him, although there were clearly fewer seats in the stands than there were guests. By 10 o’clock they were barely seated.”

The parade begins to the music of the song “Holy War”: the Victory Banner and the Russian tricolor are brought into Red Square.

Preparations for the parade began in November 2014. At the end of March, the first parade rehearsal took place in Alabino, Moscow Region. Rehearsals continued until the last days: as early as May 7, planes flew over the center of Moscow.

The parade begins!

The Victory Parade was held on June 24, 1945, but the next parade took place only 20 years later, in 1965, when the Victory Day holiday and non-working day were returned, and from then until 1990, it was held every five years, with the exception of 1975 of the year. In 1995, on the day of the 50th anniversary of the Victory, the first Russian parade took place, and it took place on Poklonnaya Hill (then they were building Manezhka, they were afraid that the ground would collapse under the equipment). Since 1996, parades have resumed on Red Square; in 1996, the Mausoleum was used as a grandstand for the last time. Since then, parades have been held every year.

Who to invite from the so-called respected people - cultural figures, athletes - was always decided in the Kremlin. According to Gazeta.Ru, in addition to the aforementioned Night Wolves, Vladimir Etush, Elina Bystritskaya, Ilya Glazunov, and Zurab Tsereteli were invited to the current parade. An invitation was also sent to former USSR President Mikhail Gorbachev.

Presidential press secretary Dmitry Peskov said that there would be 2,300 veterans at the parade. However, a source familiar with the system of distributing invitations said that there were no tickets available for the veterans whom Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev wanted to invite to the parade - we are talking about those participants of the Second World War with whom the head of the Cabinet met this year. According to the interlocutor of Gazeta.Ru, the reason for the refusal was the chaos that accompanied the distribution of invitations.

According to another informed interlocutor, the government suffered greatly in terms of obtaining tickets: deputy ministers, he says, were almost lining up for tickets. Meanwhile, previously it was not difficult for deputy ministers to receive an invitation. In general, quotas for the Cabinet of Ministers, as a rule, are as follows: all ministers, the head of the government apparatus, his deputies and heads of government departments receive tickets. This time, the heads of departments were not given invitations. The restrictions also affected the mayor's office: according to a source familiar with the situation, Sergei Sobyanin's protocol does not make it into the parade, although in non-anniversary years everything was exactly the opposite. But they did not cut the parliamentary quota: invitations were allocated to all State Duma deputies and all members of the Federation Council. However, the Duma apparatus was deprived: instead of the traditional fifty invitations, only two were allocated.

By the way, about the invitees. According to Gazeta.Ru, this year the presidential administration took full control of the distribution of invitations to the parade. The mayor's office, through which some of the invitations to veterans are usually distributed, was not involved this time. A source familiar with the preparations for the parade claims that the opportunity to receive invitations to “various kinds of bureaucratic structures” in favor of veterans and youth was limited. Several middle-ranking officials complained to Gazeta.Ru that they were unable to obtain invitations to the parade, although in previous years this had been easy.

“And here are the Night Wolves,” reports the Gazeta.Ru correspondent. - Two. The police recognized them immediately. But so that no one else gets confused either, “night wolves” is also written on the back of the jackets. But we still had to go through the security frames on a general basis, removing everything that rang from the belt and taking out from the pockets. They have the left stand. The one that is closer to the Historical Museum.”

Today is a rare case when there are no parked cars near the presidential administration buildings, neither on Old Square, nor on Ilyinka Street, which runs straight into Red Square. Some, however, were lucky: a proud white Range Rover, a car of the Investigative Committee and several other cars with flashing lights perched on Birzhevaya Square and in Vetoshny Lane, near GUM.

“For some, St. George’s ribbons turned into St. George’s flags and fluttered from car windows,” says our correspondent. — The girls combined 12-centimeter stiletto heels on their feet with caps on their heads. Closer to the main place of the event - Red Square - there were more and more business people in suits and elderly people in medals and orders. Mostly these were already guests of the parade with invitations.”

“Already at eight o’clock in the morning, the center of Moscow was full of people who had gathered to watch the vehicles pass for the parade,” reports Gazeta.Ru correspondent Valery Volkov, who is heading to Red Square. — Children and adults in caps, sellers of red carnations in the subway, who were not chased away by the police and who had a queue of people wanting to buy flowers. Crowds of people of different generations and nationalities on Pushkinskaya Square and Tverskaya Street, sellers of flags with the Russian tricolor and young people already holding red flags with “Victory Day” written on them. This morning began unusually early for the capital.”

Good morning, dear readers. Congratulations on Victory Day.

70 years have passed since the Victory in the Great Patriotic War. The importance of this historical event only increases with each passing year. The war of 1941–1945 and our Victory in this war is precisely that “big thing” that is “seen from a distance.” Today, on the eve of the anniversary, we must not only once again remember the unprecedented feat of the people, but also understand the results and role of the Victory in the context of modern human history. This is the time to remind everyone and ourselves too – we know how to win!

Victory is a holiday that unites young people, old people, adults and very young citizens of our Motherland. In every family there is the fate and history of grandfathers and great-grandfathers who defended the freedom of not only Russia, but also Europe. We paid a high price for this Victory, and we will not allow anyone, either today or in the future, to forget about the millions of victims. The war was a tragedy, but it was it that allowed us to show all the best that is and will be in our people - perseverance and courage, unity and cohesion in the face of the enemy, hard work and dedication, the talent of engineers and commanders, military valor and love for the Motherland.

It was these qualities that made it possible to defeat the enemy. In the person of fascist Germany, we were confronted by a dangerous and powerful enemy - ideologically devoted to its leaders, highly organized and disciplined, courageous and experienced, superbly equipped with the most modern military equipment of that time. But we managed to surpass, survive and win Victory in the bloodiest war, which had no equal in scale in world history.

Victory Day is an opportunity to pay tribute to everyone who fought or worked on the home front during wartime. The generation of war veterans is now leaving. We can only keep the bright memory of the heroes of the war and home front, try to be worthy of their feat. Eternal memory to the defenders of the Motherland!

The year 2015 for ours, and many other countries, will be an anniversary year - in the Great Patriotic War. Not much time has passed since that memorable date, but the world has changed significantly. Several generations of people have grown up, new monuments of culture and art have been created, science and technology are moving forward with confident steps, people are exploring space and penetrating into atoms. Would all this be possible without the feat accomplished by several peoples in the name of happiness, goodness and life itself?

We must not lose the memory of the significance of victory in a defunct war, because it is one of the events that changed the world. And who knows what he would have been like now if our Soviet soldiers had not stopped the destructive onslaught of evil and incomparable hatred towards peaceful people living according to their customs. Perhaps entire nations would have been irretrievably wiped off the face of the earth along with their cultural heritage, beautiful ancient cities would have lay in dust and ruins, and millions of people would not have known what freedom, love for each other and happiness were. The goals that Hitler pursued are striking in their boundless cruelty and scale.

The path to overthrowing the enemy, who treacherously attacked a peaceful country, was long and difficult. According to official data, 27 million people died in this brutal, bloody war. Killed in battle, died from wounds, tortured in concentration camps, missing forever - each of them can be considered a hero, because these lives became the price for victory. Streets, schools and public organizations are named after brave warriors so that their memory does not fade over time.

But it wasn’t only at the front that people became heroes. Speaking about victory, we need to remember what contribution the home front workers made to the common cause of its approach. Tanks, planes, equipment, weapons, ammunition, clothing - all this was required in large quantities and was made in the rear. Hard work went to women and teenagers who, sparing their health and strength, worked without rest, and sometimes even from hand to mouth, since food was first sent to the soldiers at the front.

At the cost of the lives of millions of people, hard work in the rear, burned villages and destroyed cities, we got our victory. It is impossible to list by name all the heroes who died in the name of liberating the Motherland. Orphaned, burned by war, but undefeated, the country was rebuilding everything that had been lost and destroyed during these difficult years.

But the sacrifices were not in vain, because the winners not only saved their country, they accomplished a feat in the name of the future of all people on the planet. The war scorched only part of one continent, but our soldiers managed to stop the enemy, who was targeting the whole world.

The heroes left, leaving their descendants with the memory of their courage, bravery and devotion to their native country, so our duty is to preserve and honor this memory, without giving evil the slightest chance to return.

The Great Victory is not only the irrevocable past, but also the present, and even the inevitable future, because we owe every moment of our free life to it. No wonder newlyweds have a tradition of laying a bouquet of flowers at the eternal flame. This custom is a fair tribute to the feat of our ancestors, a recognition that without them we would not exist. In the laughter of children, the noise of trains, the rustle of leaves, the ringing singing of birds - in any sound of bustling life there is a call to remember. The soldiers of the Great Patriotic War fought until their last breath, without hesitation, sacrificing themselves so that future generations would henceforth live happily and know the word “war” only from books.

There are fewer and fewer of those left whose courage and patriotism saved humanity from the greatest evil - fascism, and the voices of those who want to rewrite history are becoming louder. But the truth cannot be distorted in order to prevent a repetition of the past. There is another anniversary ahead, the 70th anniversary of the victory, and this is not just a holiday. Victory Day is a good reason to rethink past events, their role in the historical process common to all and in the lives of modern people. The war became a cruel lesson, eloquently making it clear that in the face of such evil everyone is equal.

No matter how the world changes and no matter how far this significant event moves away from us, its significance cannot be diminished. It warns of what should never be allowed under any circumstances. Hitler's army was overthrown, the countries it captured were liberated, but fascism as an idea is still revealing itself. Preventing the war from happening again is the task of future generations, which is why it is so important to remember the great Victory and the greatest role it played in world history.

Zhanna Sukhonosenko
Report “70th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War as a powerful factor in the development of patriotism in preschool children”

70th anniversary Victories in the Great Patriotic War.

This is true great day when we are experiencing "joy with tears in the eyes"! Let's think about these words of the famous song "Day Victory» (music by D. Tukhmanov, lyrics by V. Kharitonov). How deeply and accurately they convey the depth and inconsistency of this day: sincere joy of the holiday and a feeling of happiness. And the bitterness of tears that tear the soul, rise to the throat and well up in the eyes despite our desire... Why is this happening?

The feeling of joy and happiness gives us the PEACE that has brought a great victory.

PEACE is happiness, fun, peace, joy, creation in all spheres of a person’s life and his soul.

WORLD is great value which must be protected and preserved.

The bitterness of tears causes WAR, which fell upon the people and swept millions of people into its deadly whirlpool.

WAR is anxiety, fear, tears, grief, despair, hunger, constant mental anguish and death.

WAR is a terrible disaster which is incompatible with life!

There should always be a place in our memory for those terrible, bitter and proud events.

70 years of peaceful skies above your head! More than one happy, peaceful generation has already grown up. But next to us there are those for whom war has become a part of their lives who know about war firsthand. Veterans are our living memory of war and victory! We must appreciate every moment of their lives! While they are still nearby... And learn to pass on to subsequent generations the whole gamut of emotions, feelings, knowledge associated with such complex concepts as "world" And « war» .

Intensive processes of formation of the children's psyche and their worldview show that in preschool age, it is important not to overload the child with complex, emotionally difficult information related to the concept « war» . It is necessary to formulate these concepts correctly and humanely.

From year to year, every kindergarten holds a solemn holiday dedicated to the Day of Victory, the general festive atmosphere of these days, decorated streets, parades, concerts and fireworks fill children with a feeling of universal joy.

Of course, our kids don’t fully understand why we congratulate these particular people – veterans – these days. I remember the moment when a child presented a flower to a veteran, and he began to cry and thank: "Thank you! Thank you! Thank you.". The kid was confused, and a little later asked mom: - Why should I "Thank you"? “For your attention, son! And for the memory!”- answered the mother. How right she is! Such moments remain in the memory, and their awareness and understanding will certainly come.

So, we manage to convey to children that the Day Victory has special significance in the life of our people. But why are we so happy about this date? We – adults – understand that this event was preceded by terrible days wars. And the more we feel the bitterness of those war years, the stronger our joy and pride that our grandfathers and great-grandfathers were able to defend peace for us.

Teachers working in preschool educational institutions, fortunately, do not know what war. But this does not mean that we cannot feel the bitterness and pain of this concept. We must feel it! Wars are not started by children, but by adults. Therefore, the formation of complex concepts in young children "world" And « war» goes indirectly by: through the soul of an adult into the soul of a child.

Subject The Great Patriotic War is a powerful factor in the patriotic education of children. It is important that the child is already in preschool age, he felt personal responsibility for his native land and its future; it was at this age that the foundations of a child’s moral qualities and value-based attitude to the world around him are laid.

In preparation for the celebration great date - the 7th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War, education of patriotism in children it takes on special significance. After all, this war is the most striking example of the manifestation of the heroism of the Russian people.

In the approximate general education program preschool education"From birth to school" edited by N. E. Veraksa, T. S. Komarova, M. A. Vasilyeva pays special attention development the child’s personality and education of such quality as patriotism. These goals are realized in the process of various types of children's activities: gaming, communicative, labor, cognitive - research, reading,

productive, musical and artistic.

The main tasks of the work on patriotic event-based education The Great Patriotic War are:

– formation in children of initial ideas about the heroic past of our Motherland, familiarization with the main events and memorable dates in the history of the country during Great Patriotic War;

-development of patriotic feelings in children,the desire to defend one’s homeland, to be proud of its achievements;

Fostering conscious respect for the memory of fallen heroes, veterans, and holidays Victory as a result of the heroic feat of the Russian people in Great Patriotic War.

Certainly, patriotic feelings cannot arise after several sessions, even very successful ones. This is the result of long-term, systematic and targeted influence on the child. Carrying out work on patriotic education, the teacher should be guided by the following principles:

-"positive centrism"- selection of knowledge that is relevant for a child of this age;

Continuity and continuity of the pedagogical process;

A differentiated approach to each child, taking into account his psychological characteristics, capabilities and interests;

Rational combination of different types

activities, age-appropriate balance

intellectual, emotional stress;

Activity approach;

-developmental nature of training, based on children's activity.

Events Great Patriotic War are of great importance for the formation patriotic feelings in preschool children. How to tell your child about war:

Organized educational activity:

"Cities are heroes"

Target: To acquaint children with the geographical location of hero cities on the map of Russia, to acquaint children with the heroic deeds of the inhabitants and defenders of these cities, to form an understanding of the significance patriotic feat of all citizens of the country.

"Children are heroes wars»

Target: Introduce children to heroes wars who have accomplished feats for the sake of the lives of other people, to cultivate a respectful and grateful attitude towards heroic warriors.

"Countrymen - front-line soldiers".

Target: To introduce children to WWII veterans who lived and are living in our city, to cultivate a sense of compassion and respect for older people.

"Symbols Victory - orders, medals and banners"

Target: Introduce children to the military awards that were awarded to soldiers during Great Patriotic War, with a banner Victory, which was hoisted over the Reichstag; to cultivate respect for the military exploits of fighters and commanders, pride in one’s people, and love for the Motherland.

Productive activity

Drawing:

“Monuments of the military glory of our city”

"Festive fireworks"

"Portrait of a Hero"

« We will tell the war: "No!"".

Application:

"Spring bouquet for veterans"

"George Ribbon"

"Moscow Kremlin"

Modeling:

"Star"

"Airplane"

"Tank"

Construction:

"Fortress"

"Warship";

Thematic exhibition: « 70th anniversary of Victory» ;

Competition of children's drawings on asphalt;

Physical development

Military sports a game:"Zarnichka

Organization of children's run through the territory of the preschool educational institution “We remember - we are proud!”

Physical education and holidays;

Carrying out a musical holiday matinee “Be worthy of the memory of the fallen”, concerts.

Conversations about Great Patriotic War:

"The History of the St. George's Ribbon"

Target: Introduce children to the new symbol of the Day Victory, tell about the history of the St. George’s ribbon, cultivate interest and respect for the historical past of their homeland.

"Veterans Great Patriotic War»

Target: reveal the meaning of a word "veteran", cultivate respect for veterans war and labor.

« Great Battles»

"Music wars» , "Songs with which we won»

V. Agapkin "Farewell of the Slav",

A. Arensky "Day Victory» ,

A. Filippenko "Eternal flame",

A. Alexandrov “Sacred war, etc..

Reading works about Great Patriotic War:

A. Mityaev "Stories about Great Patriotic War» , "In the dugout", “Why the Army is dear”

V. Davydov "Watch",

T. A. Shorygina "Conversations about child heroes Great Patriotic War» ,

O. Vysotskaya “My brother went to the border”,

S. P. Alekseev "Brest Fortress",

E. Blaginina "Peace to the world", "Overcoat

A. G. Tvardovsky "Tankman's Tale",

V. P. Kataev "IN intelligence» and etc.

Examination of paintings, illustrations, orders and medals

I. M. Toidze “Motherland is calling!”

A. Laktionov “Letter from the front;

Watching TV shows on military topics;

Evening of reading poems dedicated to the Day Victory

Target: Prepare children for the holiday "Day Victory» , cultivate respect for the heroes of the Second World War, a sense of pride in the people, defeated the enemy

Play activity

Role-playing games:

"Border Guards", "Military Sailors",

Didactic games:

"Orders wars» , "Branch of troops and military equipment"“Memorable places of our city”, educational a game: "Before and Now" Movable games:

"Crossing the Bridge", « Scouts» .

Excursion to the local history museum, mini-museums in preschool educational institutions, patriotic corner in the group

Target: consolidate children’s ideas about Great Patriotic War; continue acquaintance with heroic warriors, a story about the exploits of our fellow countrymen in the Dobrinsky region, among them Ivan Mikhailovich Makarenkov.

Excursion to the library - book exhibition "Children about war» ;

Meeting with veterans and children wars;

Excursion to monuments, laying flowers to heroes wars, who died in Great Patriotic War

Monument in the village of Plavitsa,

monument in the regional center of Dobrinka,

monuments of the regional city of Lipetsk, Russia.

Observations of changes in the appearance of a village, street, kindergarten on the eve of the holiday;

Planting trees and shrubs

"Walk of Fame", "Lilac Victory» ;

Search work within the family circle - making a photo album using photos of the war and post-war years from family archives;

photo albums: "Hero Cities",

"Military equipment and weapons";

It is a tradition for families to buy flowers and congratulate veterans right on the streets of a city or village;

Consultation: "How to talk about Great Patriotic War»

Project activities:

"Songs with which we won» ;

"Children are heroes wars» ;

"Parade Victory» ;

“We remember and are proud!” and etc.

Video presentations

Day There was victory, is and must remain the holiest holiday.

After all, those who paid for it with their lives gave us the opportunity to live now.

We must always remember this. Let us be worthy of our grandfathers and great-grandfathers!

Talking about parenting patriotism, first of all, we make sure that a little person becomes a Man with a capital P, so that he can distinguish bad from good, so that his aspirations and desires are aimed at creation, self-determination and development in himself those qualities and values, thanks to which we can firmly say about him that he patriot and a citizen of his homeland.