Analysis of the poem “Bird” by Derzhavin. Presentation for a literature lesson (7th grade) on the topic: From Russian literature of the 17th century G.R. Derzhavin “Confession”, “On the bird”, “The river of times in its quest” Questions and tasks

(if only nice girls)

thoughtfulness

Sinking

Various wines

Confession

And well, squeeze it with your hand.

You have no number or measure!

Spirits cannot be enlightened,

Born from your light,

Explore your destinies:

Only the thought of ascending to you dares,

Disappears in your greatness,

Like a moment gone by in eternity.

Chaos being before time

From the abyss you called to eternity,

And eternity, born before the age,

In yourself you have founded:

Making up oneself,

Shining from myself,

You are the light where the light came from.

Creating everything with one word,

Stretching out into the new creation,

You were, you are, you will forever be!

You contain a chain of beings within yourself,

You support it and live it;

You match the end with the beginning

And you give life to death.

Subject. G. R. Derzhavin. A word about the poet. Poems “The River of Times in its Aspiration...”, “To the Bird,” “Confession”"

Target: introduce the work of G.R. Derzhavin using the examples of the poems “The River of Times in its Aspiration...”, “On the Bird,” “Recognition.”

Tasks:

educational: show the affirmation of the need for freedom of creativity in the author’s works. Analyze the thoughts of G.R. Derzhavin about the meaning of life, about fate;

developing: develop skills in analyzing lyrical works, develop students’ independent thinking, broaden their horizons;

educational: to cultivate love for the Motherland and interest in the poet’s work.

Planned results:

personal:education of patriotism, civic position, sense of responsibility to the Fatherland; the formation of moral feelings and moral behavior, a responsible attitude towards one’s actions;

meta-subject:the ability to work individually and in pairs, to use verbal means in accordance with the communication task;

subject:awareness of the communicative and aesthetic capabilities of the Russian language; development of skills in semantic and aesthetic analysis of a text, the ability to prove one’s opinion and formalize it in oral and written statements.

Lesson type:discovery of new knowledge

During the classes

His syllable is as large as that of any of our poets.

If you open it with an anatomical knife, you will see that this is happening.

from the extraordinary combination of the highest words with the most

we are low and simple, which no one would dare to do,

except Derzhavin.

N.V. Gogol

Good poetry is not so easy to write...

Meanwhile, Dmitriev, Derzhavin, Lomonosov,

Immortal singers, and honor and glory of the Russians,

They nourish a sound mind and teach us together.

A.S. Pushkin “To a Poet Friend”

Organizational stage

Checking homework

Reading and commenting on outdated words.

– What styles does Lomonosov classify the following genres as:poems, odes, tragedies (high); drama, satire (average); epigrams (short).

Reading a poem by Lomonosov.

Setting the goals and objectives of the lesson. Motivation for students' learning activities.

Working with an epigraph. Write one of them in your workbook.

Updating knowledge.

What types of literature do we know?

What type of literature are we working on now? (lyrics)

What characterizes this type of literature?

Primary assimilation of new knowledge.

Teacher's word.

Derzhavin was appointed ruler first of the Olonets, then of the Tambov province. The determination with which he pursued abuses, his direct and tough disposition often interfered with his career. In 1791, Catherine II made him cabinet secretary, but soon transferred him to senator. Paul I, who ascended the throne in 1798, calls him to serve, appointing him state treasurer, but quickly refuses his services. Alexander I did the same, making Derzhavin Minister of Justice, but a year later he released the poet from this duty.

After retiring, Derzhavin devoted himself entirely to literary works. Derzhavin the citizen saw, and Derzhavin the poet put to shame the corruption of the powers that be, who opened the way to “villainy and untruth,” and called a terrible punishment on their heads:

Resurrect, God! God of the right!
And they heeded their prayer:
Come, judge, punish the evil ones,
And be one king of the earth!
("To Rulers and Judges")

The new content of poetry required new forms of expression. By combining the words “high” and “low” not only within the same work, but also often placing them side by side, while achieving great expressiveness, the poet opened the way for the development of a realistic language. The poet's artistic discoveries enriched Russian poetry and transformed it. That is why his legacy does not leave our lives.

Initial check of understanding.

Teacher's word.

“The human mind and heart were my genius,” says the poet himself. Derzhavin's work became a model for the subsequent Pushkin generation. Derzhavin’s poems are beautiful and philosophical, and you will now see for yourself. The poet somehow expresses his own thoughts, hopes, and aspirations in his work in a special way.

And we will start with the poem “Confession,” which was written by Gabriel Derzhavin in 1807. It is maintained in the best traditions of classicism, and in it the author openly talks about how he lived his life and what he managed to achieve in the literary field.

Reading of the poem “Confession” and partial analysis.

Confession

I didn't know how to pretend
Look like a saint
To inflate yourself with an important dignity
And take the philosopher's view;
I loved sincerity
I thought only they would like it:
The human mind and heart
They were my genius.
If I shone with delight,
Fire flew from my strings, -
I didn’t shine with myself, but with God:
Outside myself, I sang to God.
If the sounds were dedicated
My lyres to the kings, -
Seemed like virtues
To me they are equal to gods.
If victories are loud
I wove crowns for the leaders, -
I thought about passing it on to descendants
Their souls and their children.
If where the powerful nobles
I dared to blurt out the truth out loud, -
I thought I had an impartial heart
They, the king, are a friend to the fatherland.
Even if I'm fussing
He himself was seduced by the world, -
I admit, beauty
Was captured, sang and wives.
In a word: I burned love if there was a flame,
I fell, I got up in my time. -
Come on, sage! on my coffin there is a stone,
If you're not human.

What aspects of Derzhavin’s mastery were reflected in “Recognition”?

(The poem “Confession” deals with the moral position of the poet himself. Derzhavin honestly says:

I didn't know how to pretend

Look like a saint

To inflate yourself with an important dignity

And take the form of a philosopher...

The poet admits that what he loves most is sincerity and truthfulness: “I loved sincerity”... In the life of every person, there are situations when you have to make a choice, sometimes you have to step on the throat of your own song in order not to confront others. The poet admits in his poem that he never lied, expressed his opinion honestly and was less bothered by the reaction of others:

If where the powerful nobles

I dared to blurt out the truth out loud,

I thought I had an impartial heart

They, the king, are a friend to the fatherland.

Derzhavin admits that, perhaps, he did not succeed in everything flawlessly. He honestly admits his mistakes and says that he can be condemned for some weaknesses, for example, for being overly enthusiastic about social life.

It can be stated that in his poem, the poet, without hiding anything, openly speaks about his life, the weaknesses and strengths that accompanied him throughout his entire life’s journey. He is not afraid of condemnation, because he has nothing to be ashamed of in his life.

In a word: I burned love if there was a flame,

I fell, I got up in my time.

Come on, sage! on my coffin there is a stone,

If you're not human.)

Reading and partial analysis of the poem"For the bird" .

Such a short poem actually has the deepest meaning.

Birdie

( The poem “To the Bird” is about freedom. It is this that is most expensive for both birds and humans. In conditions of unfreedom, the bird will never sing, it loses its voice, and life itself is distasteful for it.

In this case, the poet resorts to the technique of allegory, because the bird symbolizes a person. If a cheerful, active person is driven into a narrow framework, then life itself will cease to give him pleasure, and he himself will turn into a passive and inert being.

Teacher reading a poemI "River of Times..."

And this poem was written by Derzhavin just a few days before his death. What was the poet thinking about in the last days of his life, what worried him, did Derzhavin know that this would be his last poem? We will try to find out about this by reading the poem

Takes away all people's affairs

And drowns in the abyss of oblivion

Nations, kingdoms and kings.

And if anything remains

Through the sounds of the lyre and trumpet,

Then it will be devoured by the mouth of eternity

And the common fate will not go away.

Who is given immortality?(Immortal is what has passed “through the sounds of the lyre” (lyre - lyrics - poetry) and trumpets." Immortal, according to Derzhavin, is creativity, music, if they are in tune with the thoughts and soul of descendants.)

Prepare a written short analysis of this poem in your workbook.

(Poem “River of Times” in his aspiration..." amazingly beautiful. In this poem, the author reflects on eternity, on the fact that absolutely all human affairs and aspirations will sooner or later be forgotten.

The river of times in its rush

Takes away all people's affairs

And drowns in the abyss of oblivion

Nations, kingdoms and kings.

Indeed, everything passes eventually. Human actions can be evil and good, noble or not, but they are not eternal. Time passes and everything is forgotten. New people come who do not remember what happened before them. The only thing that matters is what is now, because everything else simply doesn’t matter.

There is nothing eternal on earth, so it makes no sense to attach too much importance to human actions and actions. The fate of everything earthly is too fragile and ephemeral, everything exists only for a moment.)

Selective listening to analyzes of Derzhavin’s poem“The river of times in its aspiration...”

Primary consolidation.

Questions and tasks

What did Derzhavin fight against in life and in poetry?

What words and phrases in Derzhavin’s works would you classify as outdated? Which ones are colloquial, which ones are colloquial? What does their combination achieve?

How do you understand the lines:

"I loved sincerity,
I thought only they would like it:
The human mind and heart
They were my genius.”;

“I fell, I rose in my age”?

– Name the poet's artistic discoveries.

Test tasks.

Where was G.R. Derzhavin born?
A. Kazan province.
B. Penza province.
V. Samara province.

When he was born?
A. in 1741
B. in 1743.
B. 1745

Where did you study?
A. Penza gymnasium.
B. Moscow University.
IN. Kazan gymnasium.

When did your real poetic activity begin?
A. In 1770
B. In 1777.
V. In 1772

Indicate the positions of the poet at court.
A . Senator.
B. Treasurer.
V. Ambassador.
G. Minister of Justice.
D. General.

What contribution did you make to the development of literature?
A. The theory of “3 styles”.
B . Connected the words “high” and “low”.
IN. Development of realistic language.
G. Onegin stanza.

Information about homework.

Prepare a short report about G. R. Derzhavin and an expressive reading of one of his poems.

[Prepare a “word of praise for Derzhavin, a poet and citizen” or a dialogue about his life and work].

Reflection.

Compiling a syncwine.

Grading for the lesson.

Analysis of Derzhavin’s poem “On the Bird”

It is unknown exactly when the short poem “To the Bird” was written. The notes to the collections of works by Gabriel Romanovich Derzhavin (1743–1816) indicate different dates: 1791, 1792 and 1793. However, there is a version expressed by a researcher of the poet’s work, philologist Yakov Karlovich Grot, that this epigram refers to the period when Gabriel Romanovich received the post of Secretary of State of Empress Catherine II, that is, from the end of December 1791.

The history of the creation of the work is as follows. The Empress, impressed by Derzhavin’s poetic skill, which manifested itself in (1782), wished to thank the poet. To do this, she presented him with precious gifts, for example, a golden snuff box, and brought him closer to her, allowing him to present the ode at her residence in the Winter Palace. In addition, the empress decided to continue to use the poet’s talent, making him her court secretary. Catherine II often hinted that she wanted to hear new praise for “Felitsa,” which meant the empress herself.

The poet, judging by the notes of his contemporaries, was not even against this state of affairs. But the situation was constantly overshadowed by pressure on the writer. Having benefited Derzhavin, the empress aroused envy among other court poets and nobles. Many began to secretly make sarcastic remarks about the poet, and the attitude towards Gabriel Romanovich on the part of his boss, Prince Vyazemsky, worsened. The poet could not find inspiration for enthusiastic poems of praise, pure images and expressive metaphors.

In addition, the service at court itself disappointed the creator. It turned out that conspiracies were being woven around, many brilliant people, about whose nobility odes were written, were themselves plotting and intriguing against other nobles. The shining halo of impeccability around the throne, as the writer imagined it, began to crumble. And the empress continued to demand streams of poetry.

That is why the poet felt caught in a vice and crushed. This is how the quatrain “For the Bird”, full of bitterness and bile, was born.

The birdie refers to the poet himself, captured in the golden cage of the royal court. The unnamed ones who captivated her and forced her to sing were the empress and her entourage.

The style of Gavriil Romanovich is easily discernible in the poem. The author uses archaic short forms of words (“vocalist”). The main technique used in the work is alliteration. The voiceless “p” occurs so often that it resembles the contemptuous onomatopoeia “pf”, spitting.

This poem echoes the works of other authors. Similar thoughts were expressed in I. A. Krylov’s fable “The Cat and the Nightingale” and in “” by A. S. Pushkin.

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Slide captions:

From Russian literature of the 17th century G.R. Derzhavin “Confession”, “On the Bird”, “The River of Times in its Striving” Smirnova M.S. Teacher of Russian language and literature, State Budgetary Educational Institution Lyceum No. 554

“The human mind and heart were my genius”

I am an extreme degree of substance; I am the center of the living, the initial feature of the Deity. I decay with my body in dust, I command thunder with my mind, I am a king - I am a slave - I am a worm - I am God!

The famous poet, statesman and public figure of the second half of the 18th and first quarter of the 19th century. His ancestor, the Tatar Murza Bagrim, in the 15th century, during the reign of Vasily Vasilyevich the Dark, left the Great Horde to serve the Grand Duke, was baptized and received the name Ilya. One of his sons, Dimitri, had a son, Derzhava, who began his service in Kazan. From him came the family of the Derzhavins, who served “throughout the city of Kazan,” which is why they are called Kazans in the acts.