Augustine Betancourt short biography. Investments for Betancourt Augustin Augustinovich. facts about Augustin Betancourt

Portrait from the 1810s. Author unknown.

Augustin de Betancourt and Molina, full name Augustin José Pedro del Carmen Domingo de Candelaria de Betancourt y Molina(Spanish: Agustín José Pedro del Carmen Domingo de Candelaria de Betancourt y Molina) - Spanish, then Russian statesman and scientist, lieutenant general of the Russian service, architect, builder, mechanical engineer and organizer of the transport system of the Russian Empire.

Augustin Betancourt was born in Spain, in the Canary Islands, on the island of Tenerife on February 1, 1758. He came from an ancient and very influential noble family, both in ancient times and to this day. The founder of the family was the famous navigator Jean (Juan) de Betancourt, a Norman nobleman, conqueror of the Canary Islands. The Catholic saint Pedro de San José Betancourt supposedly belonged to this family. Of the living representatives of the family, the most famous are Liliane Betancourt, owner of L'Oréal and Colombian politician and senator Ingrid Betancourt.

Augustine Betancourt received his education in Paris. The Spanish government sent Betancourt to France, England, Germany and the Netherlands to become familiar with canal navigation systems, new steam engines and other discoveries in the field of technology. Then in London he studied machines for draining gold and silver mines.

In 1798, Betancourt was entrusted with the organization of the Spanish Corps of Railway Engineers. In Spain, he was appointed inspector general of the royal cabinet of machinery, quartermaster of the army, and chief director of posts.

In 1801, Betancourt left his fatherland and moved to Paris. In France, he published a number of scientific papers on hydraulics and created a design for a new sluice designed for small canals. In the fall of 1807, Augustin Bettencourt arrived in Russia and was admitted to public service with the rank of major general, but two years later he became a lieutenant general.

Betancourt brilliantly confirmed his reputation as a scientist and mechanical engineer: under his leadership, the Tula Arms Plant was refurbished and equipped with steam engines, the Taitsky water pipeline was built, which supplied Tsarskoye Selo with water; he owns a fundamentally new solution for constructing an arched bridge system in Tula, Izhora, Peterhof, and in St. Petersburg on Kamenny Island; he supervised the construction and equipment of a foundry in Kazan, drew up designs and supervised the construction of the famous Nizhny Novgorod fair. One of Betancourt’s significant works was the construction of a huge exertzirhaus (a room for military exercises in inclement weather) in Moscow - the well-known Manezh, the ingenious ceilings of which, created by Betancourt, survived until 2004.

Betancourt's contribution to the development of engineering education in Russia is especially great. On his initiative and project, the country's first Institute of Railway Engineers was founded in St. Petersburg in 1809. To post this educational institution The state treasury acquired the palace of Prince Yusupov on the Fontanka. At Betancourt's suggestion, the French officer Sennover was appointed director of the institute. The trustees were the Prince of Oldenburg and Lieutenant General Betancourt himself, who was appointed head of the institute.

In 1816, Betancourt became the chairman of the newly established Committee for Buildings and Hydraulic Works in St. Petersburg, essentially an institution that supervised all construction work in the city.

Since 1819, he has headed the Main Directorate of Communications. This talented engineer owns a number of inventions. He created a unique machine for cleaning the waters of the Kronstadt seaport.

In 1820, on the initiative of Betancourt, the School of Railway Conductors and the Military Construction School for the training of junior specialists of builders and foremen, craftsmen, and draftsmen for the railway department were opened, which marked the beginning state system special secondary technical education in Russia.

Augustin Betancourt was a member scientific societies Russia and Europe, his pen belongs scientific works, published in Paris, London, St. Petersburg and other European cities. The devices and mechanisms created by him have found wide application in construction.

Betancourt created a school of widely educated engineers. His students took part in the construction of St. Isaac's Cathedral (including the famous Montferrand).

Betancourt died on July 26 (July 14, old style) 1824. He was buried in St. Petersburg at the Smolensk Lutheran Cemetery and reburied in 1979 in the Necropolis of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.

The grave of A. A. Betancourt at the Lazarevskoye cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra in St. Petersburg.

In the year of the 300th anniversary of St. Petersburg, in tribute to the famous scientist and engineer Augustine Betancourt, a monument was erected in front of the building of the St. Petersburg State University of Transport (PGUPS), the founder and first rector of which he was. The author of the monument project is sculptor, Honored Cultural Worker of the RSFSR, Academician Vladimir Gorevoy.

Text from the book:

Famous Kronstadt residents. - St. Petersburg: Russian classics. 2012. - 336 p. Page 42 - 43.

Note:
* In the Canary Islands, the surname Bettencourt is borne by both the descendants of Jean de Bettencourt's nephew Macio, who replaced his uncle as ruler of the Canaries, and the descendants of the natives - the Guanches, to whom Jean de Bettencourt gave his surname at baptism

Augustin de Betancourt and Molina, full name Augustin José Pedro del Carmen Domingo de Candelaria de Betancourt y Molina(Spanish) Agustín José Pedro del Carmen Domingo de Candelaria de Betancourt y Molina ; 1st of February ( 17580201 ) - July 14 (26)) - Spanish, then Russian statesman and scientist, lieutenant general of the Russian service, architect, builder, mechanical engineer and organizer of the transport system of the Russian Empire.

Biography

Augustin de Betancourt was born on February 1, 1758 in Spain in the city of Puerto de la Cruz on the island of Tenerife, into a family founded by the French ancestor Jean de Betancourt, who declared himself King of the Canary Islands in 1417.

Having received a comprehensive scientific education in Paris, Betancourt was sent by the Spanish government to the most cultural countries Western Europe to view various shipping systems, canals, steam engines, etc. Betancourt successfully completed this assignment. In 1798, he was entrusted with the construction of an optical telegraph between Madrid and Cadiz and the organization of a corps of railway engineers in Spain. In 1800 he was appointed inspector general of this corps and a member of the financial administration council, and in 1803 - quartermaster of the armies and chief director of posts.

The unrest that arose in Spain forced Betancourt to leave the country. He first went to Paris, and in 1808 to Russia, where he was accepted into service with the rank of major general. Here a wide field was open for him to apply his knowledge; he transformed the Tula Arms Factory, built a cannon foundry in Kazan, introduced new and improved old machines at the Aleksandrovskaya Manufactory, built the building of the Expedition for the Procurement of State Papers (where he personally invented most of the machines), the Moscow Excergauz, huge at that time (an indoor parade ground for holding military reviews, now Manezh), the guest courtyard of the Nizhny Novgorod Fair, the first bridge across the Neva River with the arrangement of the central embankment of St. Petersburg and various other buildings and structures. He took part in the construction of St. Isaac's Cathedral.

According to Betancourt's project, a government agency was established in St. Petersburg, where he was appointed inspector general. The institute was opened on November 1, 1810. Betancourt made an important contribution to the development of the domestic system of higher engineering education in the 19th century, which was distinguished by a combination of fundamental, general engineering and special training. When drawing up the training program at the Institute, he wrote:

“The purpose of the institute is to supply Russia with engineers who, right after leaving it, could be assigned to carry out all sorts of work in the Empire.”

Activities in Nizhny Novgorod

Family

Wife - Anna Jourdan (d.).
He had three daughters (Karolina, Adeline and Matilda) and a son, Alfons Avgustovich (-), who rose to the rank of lieutenant general.

Memory

On July 27, 1995, the Russian Ministry of Railways established a commemorative medal named after Betancourt, which is awarded to specialists for their outstanding personal contribution to the development of transport education.
A street in Nizhny Novgorod is named after Betancourt, on which the Old Fair Cathedral, built according to his plan, is located.
In November 2009, in connection with the 200th anniversary of the St. Petersburg State Transport University, the name of A. Betancourt was assigned to the fast branded train No. 25/26 “Smena” on the Moscow-St. Petersburg route.

Awards

He was awarded a number of the highest Russian orders, up to and including the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky ().
For samples of banknotes in denominations of 100, 50, 25, 10 and 5 rubles, developed by Betancourt and Khovansky in 1818, Alexander I awarded A. A. Betancourt the Order of St. Vladimir, 2nd degree.

Main scientific works

“On the Expanding Power of Vapors” (Paris, 1790);
"ABOUT new system inland navigation" (Paris, 1807);
“Guide to the Compilation of Machines” (with H. M. Lantz, Paris, 1808, 1st edition; 1819, 2nd edition; 1840, 3rd edition, posthumous).

Betancourt's works

1810: Girl with a jug

Fountain in the Catherine Park of Tsarskoe Selo.

1817: Moscow Manege

1832: Alexander Column

The Alexander Column is a monument erected by the architect Auguste Montferrand by order of Emperor Nicholas I.

Montferrand worked for a relatively long time under the leadership of A. Betancourt. Betancourt designed the scaffolding and mechanisms for lifting the columns of St. Isaac's Cathedral, which were implemented by Montferrand. Based on these scaffoldings and mechanisms, Montferrand created a system of mechanisms, with the help of which he installed the Alexander Column on Palace Square in 1832. The ascent took place on August 30, 1832. To bring the giant monolith into a vertical state, it was necessary to attract the forces of 2,000 soldiers and 400 workers, who installed the monolith in place in 1 hour and 45 minutes.

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Notes

Literature

// Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg. , 1890-1907.
// Russian biographical dictionary: in 25 volumes. - St. Petersburg. -M., 1896-1918.
Saint Petersburg. 300 + 300 biographies. Biographical Dictionary / St. Petersburg. 300 + 300 biographies. Biographical Glossary // Comp. G. Gopienko. - In Russian. and English language - M.: Markgraf, 2004. - 320 p. - Tyr. 5000 copies - ISBN 5-85952-032-8. - P. 31.

An excerpt characterizing Betancourt, Augustin Augustinovich

But he frowned angrily and at the same time painfully at her and leaned over the child with a glass. “Well, I want it,” he said. - Well, I beg you, give it to him.
Princess Marya shrugged her shoulders, but obediently took the glass and, calling the nanny, began to give the medicine. The child screamed and wheezed. Prince Andrei, wincing, holding his head, left the room and sat down on the sofa next door.
The letters were all in his hand. He mechanically opened them and began to read. The old prince, on blue paper, in his large, oblong handwriting, using titles here and there, wrote the following:
“I received very happy news at this moment through a courier, if not a lie. Bennigsen allegedly won complete victory near Eylau over Buonaparte. In St. Petersburg everyone is rejoicing; there is no end to the number of awards sent to the army. Although he is German, congratulations. The Korchevsky commander, a certain Khandrikov, I don’t understand what he’s doing: additional people and provisions have not yet been delivered. Now jump there and tell him that I will take his head off so that everything will be done in a week. I also received a letter from Petinka about the Battle of Preussisch Eylau, he took part - it’s all true. When people do not interfere with someone who should not be interfered with, then the German beat Buonaparti. They say he is running very upset. Look, jump to Korcheva immediately and do it!”
Prince Andrei sighed and opened another envelope. It was a finely written letter from Bilibin on two pieces of paper. He folded it without reading and again read his father’s letter, which ended with the words: “Ride to Korcheva and carry it out!” “No, excuse me, now I won’t go until the child recovers,” he thought and, going up to the door, looked into the nursery. Princess Marya still stood by the crib and quietly rocked the child.
“Yes, what else does he write that is unpleasant? Prince Andrei recalled the contents of his father’s letter. Yes. Ours won a victory over Bonaparte precisely when I was not serving... Yes, yes, everyone is making fun of me... well, that’s good for you...” and he began to read Bilibin’s French letter. He read without understanding half of it, he read only in order to at least for a minute stop thinking about what he had been thinking about exclusively and painfully for too long.

Bilibin was now located as a diplomatic official at the main headquarters of the army and, although French, with French jokes and figures of speech, but with exclusively Russian fearlessness in the face of self-condemnation and self-mockery, described the entire campaign. Bilibin wrote that his diplomatic discretion [modesty] tormented him, and that he was happy to have a faithful correspondent in Prince Andrei, to whom he could pour out all the bile that had accumulated in him at the sight of what was happening in the army. This letter was old, even before the Battle of Eylau.
"Depuis nos grands succes d"Austerlitz vous savez, mon cher Prince, wrote Bilibin, que je ne quitte plus les quartiers generaux. Decidement j"ai pris le gout de la guerre, et bien m"en a pris. Ce que j" ai vu ces trois mois, est incroyable.
“Je commence ab ovo. L'ennemi du genre humain, comme vous savez, s'attaque aux Prussiens. Les Prussiens sont nos fideles allies, qui ne nous ont trompes que trois fois depuis trois ans. Nous prenons fait et cause pour eux. Mais il se trouve que l "ennemi du genre humain ne fait nulle attention a nos beaux discours, et avec sa maniere impolie et sauvage se jette sur les Prussiens sans leur donner le temps de finir la parade commencee, en deux tours de main les rosse a plate couture et va s"installer au palais de Potsdam.
“J"ai le plus vif desir, ecrit le Roi de Prusse a Bonaparte, que V. M. soit accueillie et traitee dans mon palais d"une maniere, qui lui soit agreable et c"est avec empres sement, que j"ai pris a cet effet toutes les mesures que les circonstances me permettaient. Puisse je avoir reussi! Les generaux Prussiens se piquent de politesse envers les Francais et mettent bas les armes aux premieres sommations.
“Le chef de la garienison de Glogau avec dix mille hommes, demande au Roi de Prusse, ce qu"il doit faire s"il est somme de se rendre?... Tout cela est positif.
“Bref, esperant en imposer seulement par notre attitude militaire, il se trouve que nous voila en guerre pour tout de bon, et ce qui plus est, en guerre sur nos frontieres avec et pour le Roi de Prusse. Tout est au grand complet, il ne nous manque qu"une petite chose, c"est le general en chef. Comme il s"est trouve que les succes d"Austerlitz aurant pu etre plus decisifs si le general en chef eut ete moins jeune, on fait la revue des octogenaires et entre Prosorofsky et Kamensky, on donne la preference au derienier. Le general nous arrive en kibik a la maniere Souvoroff, et est accueilli avec des acclamations de joie et de triomphe.
“Le 4 arrive le premier courier de Petersbourg. On apporte les malles dans le cabinet du Mariechal, qui aime a faire tout par lui meme. On m"appelle pour aider a faire le triage des lettres et prendre celles qui nous sont destinees. Le Marieechal nous regarde faire et attend les paquets qui lui sont adresses. Nous cherchons - il n"y en a point. Le Marieechal deviant impatient, se met lui meme a la besogne et trouve des lettres de l"Empereur pour le comte T., pour le prince V. et autres. Alors le voila qui se met dans une de ses coleres bleues. Il jette feu et flamme contre tout le monde, s"empare des lettres, les decachete et lit cells de l"Empereur adressees a d"autres. Oh, that's what they do to me! I have no trust! Oh, they told me to keep an eye on me, that’s good; get out! Et il ecrit le fameux ordre du jour au general Benigsen
“I’m wounded, I can’t ride a horse, and therefore I can’t command an army. You brought your corps to Pultusk, broken up: here it is open, and without firewood, and without fodder, therefore it is necessary to help, and since yesterday we ourselves treated Count Buxhoeveden, we must think about a retreat to our border, which we must do today .
“From all my trips, ecrit il a l "Empereur, I received an abrasion from the saddle, which, in addition to my previous transportation, completely prevents me from riding and commanding such a vast army, and therefore I transferred the command of it to my senior general, Count Buxhoeveden, sending it to to him all duty and everything belonging to it, advising them, if there was no bread, to retreat closer to the interior of Prussia, because there was only enough bread left for one day, and other regiments had nothing, as the division commanders Osterman and Sedmoretsky announced, and All the peasants have been eaten; I myself, until I recover, remain in the hospital in Ostroleka. About the number of which I most dutifully present information, reporting that if the army stays in the current bivouac for another fifteen days, then in the spring there will not be a single healthy one left.
“Dismiss the old man to the village, who remains so disgraced that he could not fulfill the great and glorious lot to which he was chosen. I will await your most merciful permission here at the hospital, so as not to play the role of a clerk and not a commander in the army. Excommunicating me from the army will not make the slightest disclosure that the blind man has left the army. There are thousands of people like me in Russia.”
“Le Marieechal se fache contre l"Empereur et nous punit tous; n"est ce pas que with"est logique!
“Voila le premier acte. Aux suivants l"interet et le ridicule montent comme de raison. Apres le depart du Marieechal il se trouve que nous sommes en vue de l"ennemi, et qu"il faut livrer bataille. Boukshevden est general en chef par droit d"anciennete, mais le general Benigsen n"est pas de cet avis; d"autant plus qu"il est lui, avec son corps en vue de l"ennemi, et qu"il veut profiter de l"occasion d"une bataille „aus eigener Hand “ comme disent les Allemands. Il la donne. C"est la bataille de Poultousk qui est sensee etre une grande victoire, mais qui a mon avis ne l"est pas du tout. Nous autres pekins avons, comme vous savez, une tres vilaine habitude de decider du gain ou de la perte d"une bataille. Celui qui s"est retire apres la bataille, l"a perdu, voila ce que nous disons, et a ce titre nous avons perdu la bataille de Poultousk. Bref, nous nous retirons apres la bataille, mais nous envoyons un courrier a Petersbourg, qui porte les nouvelles d"une victoire, et le general ne cede pas le commandement en chef a Boukshevden, esperant recevoir de Petersbourg en reconnaissance de sa victoire le titre de general en chef. Pendant cet interregne, nous commencons un plan de man?uvres excessivement interessant et original. Notre but ne consiste pas, comme il devrait l"etre, a eviter ou a attaquer l"ennemi; mais uniquement a eviter le general Boukshevden, qui par droit d"ancnnete serait notre chef. Nous poursuivons ce but avec tant d"energie, que meme en passant une riviere qui n"est ras gueable, nous brulons les ponts pour nous separer de notre ennemi, qui pour le moment, n"est pas Bonaparte, mais Boukshevden. Le general Boukshevden a manque etre attaque et pris par des forces ennemies superieures a cause d"une de nos belles man?uvres qui nous sauvait de lui. Boukshevden nous poursuit – nous filons. A peine passe t il de notre cote de la riviere, que nous repassons de l "autre. A la fin notre ennemi Boukshevden nous attrappe et s" attaque a nous. Les deux generaux se fachent. Il y a meme une provocation en duel de la part de Boukshevden et une attaque d "epilepsie de la part de Benigsen. Mais au moment critique le courrier, qui porte la nouvelle de notre victoire de Poultousk, nous apporte de Petersbourg notre nomination de general en chef, et le premier ennemi Boukshevden est enfonce: nous pouvons penser au second, a Bonaparte. Mais ne voila t il pas qu"a ce moment se leve devant nous un troisieme ennemi, c"est le Orthodox qui demande a grands cris du pain , de la viande, des souchary, du foin, – que sais je! Les magasins sont vides, les chemins impraticables. Le Orthodox se met a la Marieaude, et d"une maniere dont la derieniere campagne ne peut vous donner la moindre idee. La moitie des regiments forme des troupes libres, qui parcourent la contree en mettant tout a feu et a sang. Les habitants sont ruines de fond en comble, les hopitaux regorgent de malades, et la disette est partout. Deux fois le quartier general a ete attaque par des troupes de Marieaudeurs et le general en chef a ete oblige lui meme de demander un bataillon pour les chasser. Dans une de ces attaques on m"a importe ma malle vide et ma robe de chambre. L"Empereur veut donner le droit a tous les chefs de divisions de fusiller les Marieaudeurs, mais je crains fort que cela n"oblige une moitie de l"armee de fusiller l"autre.

Portrait from the 1810s. Author unknown.

In 1801, Betancourt left his fatherland and moved to Paris. In France, he published a number of scientific papers on hydraulics and created a design for a new sluice designed for small canals. In the fall of 1807, Augustine Betancourt came to Russia and was accepted into the civil service with the rank of major general, but two years later he became a lieutenant general.

Betancourt brilliantly confirmed his reputation as a scientist and mechanical engineer: under his leadership, the Tula Arms Plant was refurbished and equipped with steam engines, the Taitsky water pipeline was built, which supplied Tsarskoye Selo with water; he owns a fundamentally new solution for constructing an arched bridge system in Tula, Izhora, Peterhof, and in St. Petersburg on Kamenny Island; he supervised the construction and equipment of a foundry in Kazan, drew up designs and supervised the construction of the famous Nizhny Novgorod fair. One of Betancourt's significant works was the construction of a huge exertzirhaus (a room for military exercises in inclement weather) in Moscow.

Betancourt's contribution to the development of engineering education in Russia is especially great. On his initiative and project, the country's first Institute of Railway Engineers was founded in St. Petersburg in 1809. To house this educational institution, the state treasury purchased the palace of Prince Yusupov on the Fontanka. At Betancourt's suggestion, the French officer Sennover was appointed director of the institute. The trustees were the Prince of Oldenburg and Lieutenant General Betancourt himself, who was appointed head of the institute.

Since 1819, he has headed the Main Directorate of Communications. This talented engineer owns a number of inventions. He created a unique machine for cleaning the waters of the Kronstadt seaport.

In 1820, on the initiative of Betancourt, the School of Railway Conductors and the Military Construction School for training junior specialists in builders and foremen, craftsmen, and draftsmen for the railway department were opened, which marked the beginning of the state system of special secondary technical education in Russia.

Augustine Betancourt was a member of scientific societies in Russia and Europe; he authored scientific works published in Paris, London, St. Petersburg and other European cities. The devices and mechanisms created by him have found wide application in construction.

Betancourt created a school of widely educated engineers. His students took part in the construction of St. Isaac's Cathedral (including the famous Montferrand).

Betancourt died on July 26 (July 14, old style) 1824. He was buried in St. Petersburg at the Smolensk Lutheran Cemetery and reburied in 1979 in the Necropolis of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.

The grave of A. A. Betancourt at the Lazarevskoye cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra in St. Petersburg.

Text from the book:

Famous Kronstadt residents. - St. Petersburg: Russian classics. 2012. - 336 p. Page 42 - 43.

(Augustin de Bethancourt et Molina) - lieutenant general, chief director of communications, civil engineer and writer; genus. on the island of Tenerife, February 2, 1758, d. July 14, 1824 in St. Petersburg. Betancourt descended in a direct line from John de Betancourt, who discovered the Canary Islands archipelago in 1402. Betancourt spent the first years of his youth in his homeland, received his education in Paris and then went to serve in Spain, where he soon attracted attention with his outstanding abilities. By the way, the government sent him to France, England, Germany and the Netherlands to familiarize himself with new discoveries and to observe various canal navigation systems, steam engines and everything related to mechanics. Returning from a business trip, he presented many drawings and models, which formed an excellent office in Madrid. In 1797, by order of Charles IV, Betancourt was again sent to London to study the machines available there, adapted for draining gold and silver mines, which the Spanish government especially needed in view of the proposed resumption of mining in America. The zeal with which Betancourt collected all the information that could be useful to his fatherland aroused strong suspicion among the English; he was arrested and taken to Lisbon; but from here he was sent by the king to Paris to build new machines and instruments to replace those taken from him in England. In 1798 he was called from Paris to establish a telegraph line between Madrid and Cadiz and to establish a corps of road and bridge engineers; Following this, he was successively appointed to the positions of: inspector general of the corps he founded, intendant of the provinces, member of the council of finance, director of the royal cabinet of machinery, quartermaster of the army and chief director of the post office. The unrest that arose in Spain forced Betancourt to leave his fatherland; in 1807 he came to Paris and here he published some works on hydraulics and mechanics, presenting at the same time to the French Academy a plan for a new lock for small canals, which made his name even more famous. In 1808, he was accepted into service in Russia, with the rank of major general and enlisted in His Majesty's retinue.

Betancourt marked his service to his new fatherland with a number of merits. The most important of them were the following: the Tula arms factory was transformed and for the first time its workshops were equipped with steam engines; a new cannon foundry was built in Kazan according to Betancourt’s design; improved production of the Imperial Alexander Manufactory; bridges were built using a special arch system in Izhora, Peterhof, Tula and on Kamenny Island; According to his plans and under his direct supervision, many buildings were built, of which the architecture of the Exertsirhaus in Moscow is especially remarkable (it is 502 feet long and up to 150 feet wide); He also built the famous Taitsky water supply system, which supplies Tsarskoe Selo with water; finally, his participation in organizing the procurement expedition is important government papers, for which he invented a significant number of machines. Accompanying the Prince of Holstein-Oldenburg on a trip to Russia, he became familiar with the structure of inland navigation and gave many tips for its improvement. Betancourt’s activities in promoting engineering education in Russia deserve special attention. According to his project, the Institute of Railway Engineers was established in 1810, of which he was the first inspector, and in this rank he was the full owner of the institution: he was in charge of the economic and educational department and still found time, due to the lack of professors, to give lectures on engineering. In 1811 Betancourt compiled new project organization of the institute, approved in general terms by the Council of Railways and operating until 1823. In 1816, already with the rank of lieutenant general, he was appointed chairman of the newly established city construction committee in St. Petersburg, and in 1819 - director Main Directorate of Communications. Shortly before his last appointment, he was Highly entrusted with drawing up a project for moving the Makaryevskaya Fair to Nizhny Novgorod, and then accomplishing this important task. While working on the development of the last commission he received from the Sovereign - to rebuild St. Isaac's Cathedral, Betancourt became seriously ill and soon died. As a scientific builder, Betancourt is known for a number of his own inventions, with which he significantly enriched the field of technology; Of these, the huge machine (machine à draguer) he designed for cleaning the Kronstadt port deserves special attention, remarkable for its precision of movement and strength. He also authored several printed works: “Mémoires sur la force expansive de la vapeur de l’eau”, Paris, 1790; “Mémoires sur un nouveau système de navigation intérieure”, Paris, 1807; “Essai sur la composition des machines” , Paris, 1808; "Description de la salle d"éxercice de Moscou", S.-Pétersbourg, 1819. Betancourt was a member of many learned societies both in Russia and abroad.

"Journal of Communications", 1826, No. 1, pp. 44-56. - "Russian Invalid", 1824, No. 167, pp. 667-668. - Gamel, "Description of the Tula Arms Factory, pp. 68, 70. - Dictionaries: Zeddeler, Starchevsky, Gennadi. - Sokolovsky, "Fiftieth Anniversary of the Institute of the Corps of Railway Engineers" (St. Petersburg, 1859). - "List of persons who completed the course of sciences at the Institute of I.P.S.A. I" (St. Petersburg, 1883).

(Polovtsov)

Betancourt, Augustin Augustinovich

(1758-1824) - an outstanding civil engineer, French by birth. He made a number of improvements in construction equipment, wrote on issues of mechanics for hydraulics. Invited in 1808 to serve in the Russian service. government, carried out many important works: transformed the Tula Arms Factory, supplying its workshops with steam engines for the first time, built a new cannon foundry in Kazan, improved the production of the Alexander Manufactory, built bridges using a special arch system in Tula, Izhora, Peterhof and in St. Petersburg on Kamenny Island . According to his plans and under his direct leadership, many remarkable buildings were built, of which especially worthy of attention: the arena in Moscow, the covering of which constituted an era in the history of construction art (the architect O. I. Bove took part in the architectural design), the building of the Expedition for the Procurement of State Papers , for which B. invented a significant number of machines, Gostiny Dvor at the Nizhny Novgorod Fair. At his suggestion, the Makaryevskaya Fair was moved to Nizhny Novgorod. B. contributed to the improvement of inland navigation in Russia and promoted the spread of engineering education: on his initiative and project, the Institute of Railway Engineers was established in 1810.

Large biographical encyclopedia. 2009 .

See what “Betancourt, Augustin Augustinovich” is in other dictionaries:

- (present Agustin Jose Pedro del Carmen Domingo de Candelaria de Betancourt y Molina, Bethencourt y Molina) (February 1, 1758, Puerto de la Cruz, Canary Islands July 14 (26), 1824, St. Petersburg), Spanish and Russian scientist, inventor, engineer… … encyclopedic Dictionary

- (1758 1824), mechanical engineer and builder, founder of the theory of machines and mechanisms. Spanish by origin. From 1808 in Russian service, lieutenant general (1809). One of the founders of the Corps of Railway Engineers (1809 10) and the Institute... ... St. Petersburg (encyclopedia)

Wikipedia has articles about other people with this surname, see Betancourt (surname). Augustin de Betancourt and Molina Agustín José Pedro del Carmen Domingo de Candelaria de Betancourt y Molina ... Wikipedia

Betancourt Augustin Augustinovich- (1758 1824) gene. Lieutenant rus. services, engineer builder, writer. Rod on the island Tenerife, one of the islands of the Canary archipelago, which his direct ancestor, the Norman nobleman John de Betancourt, discovered and conquered in 1402. He received his education in Paris, served ... Russian humanitarian encyclopedic Dictionary - Betancourt is a surname of Spanish origin. Famous speakers Betancourt, Augustin Augustinovich (Spanish: Agustín de Betancourt y Molina; 1758 1824) Russian mechanical engineer and builder of Spanish origin. Betancourt, Alphonse... ... Wikipedia

Betancourt (surname): Betancourt, Augustin Augustinovich (Spanish: Agustín de Bethencourt y Molina; 1758 1824) Russian mechanical engineer and builder of Spanish origin. Betancourt, John Gregory (eng. John Gregory Betancourt; born 1963) ... ... Wikipedia

Bethencourt at Molina Agustin (Augustin Augustinovich), mechanical engineer and builder, corresponding member of the French Academy of Sciences (1809). Spanish by birth. In 1781... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

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Betancourt- a surname of Spanish origin.

Known media

Betancourt, Augustin Augustinovich (1758-1824) - Russian mechanical engineer and builder of Spanish origin.
Betancourt, Alfons Augustinovich - Knight of St. George; Major General; No. 9039; November 26, 1853.
Betancourt, Alfredo (1914-2013) - Salvadoran writer.
Betancourt, Ana (Spanish) Ana Betancourt de Mora ; 12/14/1832 - 07/2/1901) - Cuban patriot and participant in the wars for Cuban independence, fighter for women's rights.
Betancourt, John Gregory (born 1963) - American science fiction writer.
Betancourt, Jean de (1362-1425) - French navigator of the beginning of the Age of Discovery.
Betancourt, Ingrid (born 1961) - Colombian politician who spent six years (2002-2008) in captivity of the FARC paramilitary group.
Betancourt, Carlos (born 1989) - Colombian professional road cyclist who has competed for the team since 2016 Movistar Team.
Betancourt Cuartas, Belisario (born 1923) - President of Colombia from 1982 to 1986.
Betancourt, Pedro de San Jose (1626-1667) - Catholic saint, missionary, first saint of the Canary Islands and Guatemala.
Betancourt, Romulo (1908-1981) - President of Venezuela from 1945 to 1948 and from 1959 to 1964.

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Excerpt characterizing Betancourt

- Where are you from that you don’t know what all the coachmen in the city already know?
- I am from the Archduchess. I didn't hear anything there.
– And didn’t you see that they are stacking everywhere?
- I haven’t seen it... But what’s the matter? – Prince Andrei asked impatiently.
- What's the matter? The fact is that the French crossed the bridge that Auesperg defends, and the bridge was not blown up, so Murat is now running along the road to Brunn, and today they will be here tomorrow.
- Like here? How come they didn’t blow up the bridge when it was mined?
– And this is what I’m asking you. Nobody, not even Bonaparte himself, knows this.
Bolkonsky shrugged.
“But if the bridge is crossed, it means the army is lost: it will be cut off,” he said.
“That’s the thing,” answered Bilibin. - Listen. The French are entering Vienna, as I told you. Everything is very good. The next day, that is, yesterday, gentlemen marshals: Murat Lann and Belliard, sit on horseback and go to the bridge. (Note that all three are Gascons.) Gentlemen,” says one, “you know that the Tabor Bridge is mined and counter-mined, and that in front of it is a formidable tete de pont and fifteen thousand troops, who have been ordered to blow up the bridge and not let us in.” But our sovereign Emperor Napoleon will be pleased if we take this bridge. The three of us will go and take this bridge. “Let’s go,” others say; and they set off and take the bridge, cross it and now with the entire army on this side of the Danube they are heading towards us, towards you and towards your messages.