Biography. Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin. President of Russia (1991–1999). President Yeltsin: years of rule and results Yeltsin was born

Yeltsin, Boris Nikolaevich (1931 - 2007) - Russian statesman and politician, first president Russian Federation, leader of the democratic movement in the late 1980s, leader of the resistance during the August 1991 putsch, initiator of the separation of the RSFSR from the USSR and the creation of a new Constitution.

Yeltsin is known primarily for his activities in the early 1990s of the 20th century, when he actively campaigned for the democratization of the country, the separation of the RSFSR from the USSR and the creation of a new type of state where regions had greater independence. Yeltsin came to power during the August 1991 coup, when he stopped the members of the State Emergency Committee and prevented them from coming to power. Later he played a prominent role in the process of the collapse of the USSR and the formation modern Russia. He is also the first president of the Russian Federation.

Brief biography of Yeltsin

Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin was born on February 1, 1931 in the Sverdlovsk region into a family of ordinary peasants. He studied well at school and after graduating he entered the Ural Polytechnic Institute, studying to become an engineer. After graduating from university, he worked in various construction organizations until in 1963 he received the position of chief engineer at the Sverdlovsk house-building plant. Later he became its director.

Yeltsin's political career began with party activities in 1968. Since 1976, he has held the post of first secretary of the Sverdlovsk regional committee, and since 1981 he has become a member of the CPSU Central Committee. With the beginning of perestroika, Yeltsin's political career took off, but it did not last long.

In 1985, he held the post of head of the construction department of the CPSU Central Committee and first secretary of the CPSU Moscow City Committee, and a year later he became a candidate for the CPSU Politburo. During his activities as party leader, Yeltsin shows himself as an ardent democrat who is ready to defend his political ideals rather harshly and not criticize even the top officials of the state. To confirm this, in 1987 he seriously criticized the current political situation and the personal activities of Gorbachev, for which he was immediately expelled from the Politburo. However, Yeltsin’s political career does not end there; until the end of the 1980s he was in disgrace, but still continued to work.

Thanks to his desire to establish democracy in the USSR, Yeltsin eventually became the head of the democratic movement. In 1989, he was elected as a people's deputy at the next Congress, and later he became a member of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. In 1990, Yeltsin took the post of Chairman of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR.

Yeltsin's political activities before and after the collapse of the USSR

In 1990, Yeltsin tries to carry out several economic reforms that would help bring the country out of a deep crisis, but faces serious resistance from the leadership of the USSR. The relationship between Yeltsin and Gorbachev is only aggravating the situation, and the RSFSR is increasingly talking about its desire to become an independent state.

In 1990, Yeltsin left the party and was elected president of the Russian Federation, thereby proclaiming his disagreement with the policies of the Union. In 1991, the August putsch thundered, which brought Yeltsin to power. The Russian Federation and the CIS are created, the USSR disintegrates.

In 1992, Yeltsin again began his activities to reform the state. He is leading a series of political and economic reforms that should lead Russia out of the crisis and put it on the path to democracy, but the reforms do not bring the desired result. Discontent is growing within the government, and there are constant debates about the new Constitution, the reforms themselves and the future of the country. A conflict is brewing between the legislative and executive powers. In 1993, these events lead to the convening of an urgent council, at which the issue of confidence in the president and the Supreme Council is raised. As a result of the bloody events, called the October putsch, Yeltsin remains as president, but the Supreme Council and other councils are finally liquidated. The country continues the path begun by Yeltsin.

Despite the fact that Yeltsin still enjoys trust, discontent within the country is growing, and various radical groups are emerging. The situation is worsened by a number of difficult decisions made by the president within the framework of foreign policy, in particular, the decision to start Chechen war. Despite his falling rating, Yeltsin still decides to run for a second presidential term. Despite disagreements even within his team, he is still elected to office in the second round.

During his second term, the country plunges into another economic crisis, a default occurs, the authorities are increasingly dissatisfied with the president, and he himself is rapidly losing his health. In 1999, Yeltsin, after a certain leapfrog, appointed acting Prime Minister Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin, and at the end of this year announced his resignation, without waiting for the end of his presidential term.

Results of Yeltsin's reign

Yeltsin took a direct part in the process of separation of the RSFSR from the USSR with the current collapse Soviet Union and the creation of the Russian Federation. Although he sought to create a democratic country, his decisions in the domestic and foreign policy today are interpreted ambiguously by historians.

Five years ago, on April 23, 2007, Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin, the first president of the Russian Federation, died.

The first president of the Russian Federation, Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin, was born on February 1, 1931 in the village of Butka, Talitsky district, Ural region (now Sverdlovsk region).

He graduated from the construction department of the Ural Polytechnic Institute with a degree in civil engineering in 1955.

In 1955-1968 he worked as a foreman, foreman, chief engineer of the construction department of the Yuzhgorstroy trust, chief engineer, and head of the Sverdlovsk house-building plant. In 1961 he joined the CPSU.

From 1968 to 1976 he headed the construction department of the Sverdlovsk regional party committee. In 1975 he was secretary of the Sverdlovsk regional committee of the CPSU, responsible for industrial development areas.

In 1976-1985 - first secretary of the Sverdlovsk regional committee of the CPSU.

In 1978-1989 - deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (member of the Council of the Union). From 1984 to 1985 and from 1986 to 1988 he was a member of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces.

In 1981, at the XXVI Congress of the CPSU, Yeltsin was elected a member of the CPSU Central Committee (he held this position until 1990). In the same year, he headed the construction department of the CPSU Central Committee. In June 1985 - Secretary of the Party Central Committee for Construction Issues.

From December 1985 to November 1987 - first secretary of the Moscow City Committee (MGK) of the CPSU.

From November 1987 to 1989 - First Deputy Chairman of the USSR State Construction Committee - Minister of the USSR. In 1989-1990 - Chairman of the USSR Supreme Soviet Committee on Construction and Architecture.

On May 29, 1990, at the First Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR, Boris Yeltsin was elected Chairman of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR with the active support of the Democratic Russia bloc. He held this post until June 1991. On July 12, 1990, at the XXVIII Congress of the CPSU, he left the ranks of the party.

On June 12, 1991, during a nationwide direct open election, he was elected the first president of Russia. In this post, Boris Yeltsin also served as chairman of the Constitutional Commission of the Russian Federation, chairman of the Extraordinary Commission for Food and chairman of the Supreme Consultative Coordination Council. From November 1991 to May 1993, he headed the Russian government.

On July 3, 1996, during a nationwide direct open election in two rounds, he was elected President of Russia for a second term.

Since May 7, 1992 - Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. He headed the Security Council and the Defense Council of the Russian Federation. Military rank- Colonel.

From December 1993 to 2000 he was Chairman of the Commonwealth of Independent States.

On December 31, 1999, Boris Yeltsin announced his resignation from the post of President of the Russian Federation and by his decree appointed Vladimir Putin as acting President of the Russian Federation.

On April 5, 2000, the first President of Russia, Boris Yeltsin, was awarded pensioner and labor veteran certificates.

In November 2000, Yeltsin created the charitable “Foundation of the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin” to support young talents in the fields of education, science, art and sports.

He awarded the order Lenin, two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor, the Order of the Badge of Honor, the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 1st degree; foreign awards: "Royal Order of Peace and Justice" (UNESCO), the "Shield of Freedom" medal "For dedication and courage" (USA), the highest state award of Italy - the Order of the Knight Grand Cross, the Order of Three Stars of the 1st degree (Latvia), the Order of Dmitry Donskoy (ROC) and many others.

In 2003, a monument to Yeltsin was unveiled in Kyrgyzstan on the territory of one of the Issyk-Kul boarding houses; in 2008, a memorial plaque to the first Russian president was installed in the village of Butka (Sverdlovsk region).

On the 80th anniversary of the birth of Boris Yeltsin in Yekaterinburg, a monument to him was unveiled on the street named after him - a ten-meter obelisk stele made of light Ural marble. The architect and author of the memorial obelisk is Georgy Frangulyan, who is also the author of the tombstone for Yeltsin.

The monument was erected near the Demidov business center, where it is planned to open the Yeltsin Presidential Center.

Since 2003, the Sverdlovsk region has annually hosted international competitions among national women's volleyball teams for the Boris Yeltsin Cup. In 2009, the tournament was included in the official calendar of the International Volleyball Federation.

The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources

Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin (1931-2007) - Russian politician and statesman, Chairman of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR, first President of the Russian Federation, leader of the democratic movement in the USSR in the late 1980s, leader of the resistance during the August 1991 putsch, one of the initiators of the documents on the liquidation of the USSR, the creation of the CIS and the adoption of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

Boris Nikolaevich is known primarily for his activities in the 1990s. 20th century, when he stood at the head of the resistance during the famous August Putsch, when members of the State Emergency Committee tried to overthrow Gorbachev and seize power. Yeltsin was able to take control of the situation and end the putsch. Subsequently, Yeltsin took an active part in the process of the collapse of the USSR and the creation of a new state. Known as the first president of the Russian Federation, who later voluntarily resigned from his post.

Brief biography of Yeltsin

Boris Yeltsin was born on February 1, 1931 in the village. Butka of the Sverdlovsk region in an ordinary peasant family. He studied well at school and entered the Ural Polytechnic Institute, which he successfully graduated in 1955. Immediately after graduation, he worked in various construction organizations, in 1963 he received the position of chief engineer, and then the head of the Sverdlovsk house-building plant.

Yeltsin's party and political activities began in 1968, when he joined the party and was engaged in various party work. In 1976, Yeltsin became the first secretary of the Sverdlovsk regional committee, and since 1981 - a member of the CPSU Central Committee. What began not only did not stall Yeltsin’s political career, but, on the contrary, accelerated it.

In 1985, he became the head of the construction department of the CPSU Central Committee and the first secretary of the CPSU Moscow City Committee, and already in 1986 - a candidate member of the Politburo. During his activities as the head of the capital's party, Yeltsin became famous as a democrat who quite harshly defended his political ideals and often criticized the existing system.

Thus, in 1987, at the October Plenum of the CPSU, Yeltsin spoke sharply about the work of the Politburo and Mikhail Gorbachev personally. For his criticism, Yeltsin was removed from his post and dismissed from the Politburo, but did not abandon political activities. Until the end of the 80s, Yeltsin was in disgrace for his harsh criticism of the system.

However, it was precisely thanks to his desire for democracy that Yeltsin eventually found himself at the head of the democratic movement in the late 1980s. In 1989, he was elected to the Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR, and later he became a member of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. In March 1990, Yeltsin became Chairman of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR.

The collapse of the USSR and Yeltsin's political activities

In the early 1990s, Yeltsin tried to carry out a series of economic and political reforms that were long overdue to bring the country out of the crisis, but faced serious obstacles from the leadership of the USSR. Not only relations between the USSR and the RSFSR deteriorated, but also relations between Yeltsin and Gorbachev.

In 1990, Yeltsin left the party, and on June 12 he was elected president of the Russian Federation. The subsequent August putsch and the collapse of the USSR only strengthened the position of Yeltsin, who became the head of the new state - the Russian Federation.

Since 1992, Yeltsin again began to carry out political and economic reforms, this time unhindered. However, a number of reforms did not bring the desired result; an internal conflict between the legislative and executive powers was brewing in the government. The crisis in the country was getting worse, the authorities could not come to an agreement, the new Constitution was still under development and caused a lot of controversy. As a result, this led to the holding of a Council in 1993 on issues of confidence in the President and the Supreme Council, which ended in tragic events.

As a result of the Council, Yeltsin remained in power, the country continued to move along the course he had planned, but all the Soviets were liquidated. The events to disperse the Council were named. In December 1993, a new Constitution was adopted, the RSFSR turned into a presidential-type republic. Yeltsin still enjoyed confidence, but separatist sentiments were growing within the country.

The Chechen war, along with growing discontent within the state, hit Yeltsin's ratings hard, but this did not stop him from wanting to run for a second presidential term in 1996. Despite the growing split within the highest authorities and his own team, Yeltsin nevertheless became president. During his second term in office, Yeltsin's influence on the political and economic situation in the country weakened, and he lost ground. Another crisis and default occurred in the country; Yeltsin’s rule no longer showed the stability that it had before. The president's rating was falling lower and lower, and along with it, Boris Nikolayevich's health was deteriorating.

In 1999, Yeltsin appointed Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin as acting prime minister and resigned during his New Year's address at the end of the year.

Results of Yeltsin's reign

One of Yeltsin's main achievements in his political career was the separation of the RSFSR (Russia) from the Soviet Union and its transformation into a democratic state with a president at its head. As president, Yeltsin carried out a number of reforms to bring the country out of the crisis, but they were not successful. Yeltsin's personality and activities today are assessed ambiguously.

1931 in the Urals, in the village of Butka. Boris's parents were once wealthy and dispossessed Soviet power peasants. Mom - Klavdia Vasilievna - a dressmaker. Father - Nikolai Ignatievich - builder.

My father spent several years in repression. Perhaps this hardened his character. The main memory of his father that Boris will have throughout his life is the fear of being punished for any slightest offense. A despotic, domineering father with a disturbed psyche kept the whole family - the mother and two sons - in fear. After his father returned from exile, another boy was born into the family - Mikhail. Particularly severe fits of rage happened to the elder Yeltsin when he was drunk. The boy resignedly and pliantly accepted these inhuman “education measures.” He felt his father’s fist on him so often that he didn’t think it could be any other way. He, clenching his teeth, stoically, without tears or screams, endured all the bullying. This dissipated the drunken “educator” even more. This continued until Boris graduated from school.

Little Yeltsin

The boy studied well at school. In the surviving grade book one cannot find threes - only fours and fives. It was not academic performance that gave teachers difficulties, but the character of the future president. He was never distinguished by exemplary behavior - he was pugnacious, assertive, unstoppable. From childhood, his leadership qualities were evident - in all schools (and several of them had to be changed), Yeltsin was elected class leader. The craving for revolutions began in school. He declared “war” on the class teacher, who raised her hand against the children and forced them to work in her garden. At the instigation of Boris, the children jumped out from the second floor before the start of the hated teacher’s lesson and placed the gramophone needles, point up, on the teacher’s chair.

Yeltsin in childhood

Entertainment outside of school was on the verge of an emergency. Boris was a constant participant in the “wall to wall until first blood.” Hitting his opponents with hatred, the boy apparently took out all the anger accumulated on his despot father. For the rest of his life, the face of the future politician retained the memory of this very childish fun in the form of a “boxer’s nose,” as he himself called it. In one of the fights, in which about 60–100 boys took part, he received a shaft on the bridge of his nose. The boy lost consciousness and was somehow dragged home. Naturally, punishment from the father was inevitable, even despite the teenager’s condition.

During the spring flood on the Zaryanka River, children staged a most dangerous game - they floated timber onto the water. Whoever crosses the river on moving logs the fastest is the winner.

Yeltsin teenager

The boy's passion for knowledge deprived him of two fingers of his left hand. And all because the boy just wanted to know what was inside the grenade. But the loss of fingers is the least loss - since, to satisfy their curiosity, these same grenades were obtained in a church guarded by an armed guard who had the command to shoot to kill anyone.

Yeltsin could have failed to reach such high heights due to another stupidity, when he was on the verge of death. Boris and his classmate, without the help of adults, decided to heat the bathhouse the black way. What they did wrong there is unknown. But as a result, Boris lost consciousness. His friend managed to crawl home and inform his parents about what had happened. After which he also immediately passed out.

It was as if fate was always protecting him for something important: he did not burn in fire, and did not drown in water.

The future president also rebelled against social injustice. According to the recollections of his mother, one day he went into the store and realized that not everyone lived as poorly as they did. Having made his way to the special services department, in which only the party elite was allowed to shop, he saw as many dishes as a schoolboy could never have dreamed of - stewed meat, cheese, various sausages. Having learned that this was only for executives, the boy firmly decided and told his mother: “I will be the boss.” In the future, Boris Nikolaevich will act as an irreconcilable fighter with special services and special rations.

The youth of the future politician

Boris put an end to his father's despotism at the age of 14. After graduating from the 7th grade of the school, a ceremony was held to present certificates. The future politician asked to speak, and, of course, he was given it, anticipating a speech of gratitude. The graduate really thanked the good teachers who instilled in him and his comrades a thirst for learning and reading. And then he was relentless with his class teacher - in front of everyone, he spoke about her assault on children, about humiliating the dignity of boys and girls, about attempts to force the entire class to scour the area in search of waste for her pigs. The effect was like a grenade exploding. The next day, Nikolai Ignatievich was called to the director and informed that his son had been deprived of his certificate, and instead he was given a “wolf ticket” - an ordinary white sheet of paper with a note that the student had attended a 7-year school course. It is impossible to enter the 8th grade with this “document” educational institution countries.

Boris Yeltsin with his family

Arriving home, the father had already raised his hand to, as usual, show Boris who was boss and convince the young man of his insolvency. But the teenager stopped the despot and said: “That’s enough - now I’ll educate myself.” The father was dumbfounded, but this was the end of the suppression of the child’s personality, his creative and intellectual potential through endless standing in the corner all night long and unbearable pain from being hit with a belt. The boy survived and learned a lesson for life - he learned to wait, gritting his teeth, enduring pain and humiliation, so that he could later emerge victorious. It was this quality of the future “leader” that led to the abolition of the CPSU in 1991, which in 1987 treated Yeltsin impartially.

Boris was not going to fold his arms after receiving the “wolf ticket”. He visited all local and district pedagogical authorities, and in the end he achieved that a commission was assembled to review the professionalism of his former class teacher. As a result, the German woman was removed from her position, and the persistent guy was given a certificate of completion of the seven-year school. Although German language there was the only three listed among all the fours and fives. He did not want to return to his previous school, so he entered the Pushkin School. There, the teenager’s relationships developed well with everyone - students, teachers, and the director.

Sports also tempered the future president’s fighting character. He tried himself everywhere that a boy in the provincial outback could do - in athletics, skiing, wrestling, boxing, decathlon, gymnastics. But volleyball remained my love for the rest of my life. The game captivated Boris immediately and forever. Despite the hand injury, as a young man, Yeltsin achieved significant heights. While studying in high school at a new school, he was a member of his city’s team and was a city champion in other sports. As a result, he became a master of sports and at one time even coached the women's volleyball team.

Volleyball and Yeltsin

The trip after finishing the 9th grade of school again became a test that called the lives of Yeltsin and all his classmates into question. During the hike, the guys caught a severe form of typhoid fever. Due to the lack of medicine, everyone spent a long time in the hospital and were forced to miss an entire academic year and, moreover, their graduation year. Everyone except Boris. From the beginning of the third quarter, the young man began to independently “bite into” the 10th grade material. I spent days and days catching up on lost knowledge. When it was time to take final exams, the guy who had missed a whole year of study was not allowed to take them. Walking around the executive committees, city councils, and city committees began along the beaten path of the past. Yeltsin’s sporting achievements already had an impact here - he was allowed to take exams as an external student. Which he did, and I must say, very successfully - two B's, and the rest - A's.

Yeltsin's matriculation certificate

Studying at the institute and student life

At first, the main goal of entering a university was to change the place of residence, to escape from an oppressive drinking father and poverty. The choice was made in favor of the Ural Polytechnic Institute. In 1950, the young man entered the Faculty of Construction. He himself explained his choice by the workers’ experience. His father also completed construction courses and was a construction site foreman until the end of his life. But the choice in favor of the Faculty of Civil Engineering, instead of the more prestigious industrial-military one at that time, can be explained in another way. Kinship with dispossessed peasants, repressed laborers, the fact of issuing a “wolf ticket”, violent freedom-loving disposition, the fact of the theft of ammunition from a guarded warehouse - all this made B. Yeltsin’s admission to a military university unrealistic. Medical indicators also contributed to this - the absence of fingers on a hand is impossible for a future reserve officer.

At the institute, Yeltsin met his future wife, Naina Girina. It is interesting that at birth the girl’s name was Anastasia, but at a conscious age (25 years old) the girl officially changed it to the name Naina - that’s what her household called her.

In 1955, the future president successfully graduated from a higher educational institution. He qualified as a civil engineer with a specialty in Civil and Industrial Engineering. The thesis defense took place on the topic “Television Tower”.

Starting a career in manufacturing

After receiving his diploma, Yeltsin’s career developed rapidly:

• 1955 - construction trust worker, joining the CPSU;
• 1956 - chief engineer of the House-Building Plant;
• 1959 - director of the same plant;
• 1963 - enrollment in the Kirov district committee of the CPSU, a little later in the Sverdlovsk regional committee;
• 1975 - Secretary of the Sverdlovsk Regional Committee of the CPSU;
• 1976 - chief secretary of this committee (that is, in fact the head of the Sverdlovsk region).

Ya.P. Ryabov, who held the post of chief secretary before Yeltsin and patronized the young politician, characterized him as a very ambitious, power-hungry careerist. But at the same time, he noted that Boris Nikolaevich carried out any assignment quickly and efficiently. During the time the future president was in leadership positions in the Sverdlovsk region, many positive developments have been achieved: in the field of food supply - the abolition of coupons for milk and some other products, the opening of new factories and poultry farms; V construction industry- launch of construction of the Sverdlovsk metro, cultural and sports complexes, experimental villages Patrushi and Baltym, a new highway connecting Sverdlovsk with the northern centers of the region, a twenty-three-story building (the tallest building in the city) of the regional committee of the CPSU, popularly known as the “White House” and “Wisdom Tooth” . Some buildings, for example, the Baltym cultural and sports complex, were recognized as having no analogues.

After graduating from the institute in 1956, Yeltsin married his Naina. She worked as a project manager at the Vodokanal Institute. In 1957, the couple had a daughter, Elena, and 3 years later, Tatyana.

The politician more than once noted his tender attitude towards his wife, always emphasizing the importance of Naina Iosifovna’s support and care. But everyone around the future president knew that Naina Yeltsin was not only the spiritual support of Boris Nikolayevich, but also had a significant influence on the personnel policy of the state’s leadership.

The rise of a political career

In 1985, when Gorbachev was elected general secretary party, on the recommendation of Ligachev, Yeltsin is appointed to the post of Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee for construction issues. After moving to Moscow, the politician begins large-scale purges: he dismisses many managers, personally checks the work of warehouses and stores, and often gets to his destination by public transport. Yeltsin introduces a ban on the demolition of historical buildings, introduces City Day celebrations and food fairs.

Workdays of Yeltsin

One of the key moments in the political activity of the Sverdlovsk resident was his revealing speech at the party plenum. He blamed the emergence of Gorbachev's cult of personality, the slow pace of perestroika, and the inadequacy of many politicians for their positions, for example, Yegor Ligachev. As a result, he asked to be excluded from the list of candidates for the Politburo of the CPSU. This was met with a barrage of counter-criticism. Under political pressure, Yeltsin was forced to back down and ask to return to his position in a personal letter to Gorbachev. A few days later, the politician was hospitalized with a heart attack. Many are inclined to think that it was a suicide attempt or a falsification. But a few days later, Boris Nikolaevich participated in a party meeting, at which he was deprived of the post of first secretary of the Moscow City Committee.

Yeltsin's personality was always visible. After a resonant speech at the plenum, which could have ruined the politician’s entire career, the incident that happened to Yeltsin back in 1989 was discussed for a long time. Then he held the post of people's deputy for Moscow. During several meetings of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the fall of a politician from a 25-meter bridge was discussed. He claimed that this was done by his political opponents. Yeltsin came to the Moscow region to visit his friend and let the driver go for a short walk. Many, including Gorbachev, questioned this scenario. There were even versions that Boris Nikolaevich went to his mistress, who doused him with water. The most likely version is that Yeltsin met with someone at night, but accidentally fell into a ditch. According to the police officers whom he reached first, all the politician’s clothes were covered in dirt.

In 1990, Boris Nikolaevich became the head of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR. His election to this position was facilitated by the signing of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the RSFSR. This document placed Russian laws above Soviet ones. This happened on June 12 - the day that is now celebrated National holiday Russia. At the 28th (last) Congress of the CPSU at the end of 1990, the politician announced his resignation from the party.

Yeltsin's first inauguration, 1991

Elections were held on June 12, 1991. The non-party Yeltsin was opposed by V. Zhirinovsky (LDPSS) and N. Ryzhkov (CPSU). The victory was won by Boris Nikolaevich Yeltsin, who became the first president of the RSFSR.

Documentary film about the first president of Russia: “Boris Yeltsin. You can't retreat":

"B.N." Documentary film by Nikolai Svanidze

Documentary film: “Boris Yeltsin. Life and destiny."