Love lyrics in Mayakovsky's works briefly. Mayakovsky's love lyrics. Love lyrics in the works of Mayakovsky. Several interesting essays

MOSHI "Beloyarsk School - Secondary (Full) Boarding School General Education»

Abstract on the topic:

THE THEME OF LOVE IN THE WORK OF V.V. MAYAKOVSKY

student of grade 11 "A"

Head: Evdokimova Alena Aleksandrovna,

teacher of Russian language and literature

With. Beloyarsk, 2008

I. Introduction……………………………………………………………3 p.

II. Main part

2.1 The theme of love in the works of V. V. Mayakovsky………………5 p.

III. Conclusion……………………………………………………....17 p.

IV. References…………………………………………………………… 19 p.

V. Appendix…………………………………………….………20 p.

Introduction

Vladimir Vladimirovich is one of my favorite poets. Mayakovsky is the forerunner, singer and victim of the October Revolution of 1917. He glorifies, describes, expresses the world he himself experiences, his worldview, through the images he creates. The work of poets is always interesting. A person changes, society changes - certain poems appear that reflect his thoughts, and therefore, one way or another, the society in which he lives. Therefore, the biography of a poet always helps to understand the meaning of his works, to look at the world and events through his eyes.

Mayakovsky and love lyrics. I used to think that these two concepts were incompatible; after all, when studying Mayakovsky’s poetry, attention is usually paid to its civil and philosophical aspects. This is quite natural and is determined by the desire to present the author as the main poet of the revolution. Fortunately, for last years More and more materials began to appear, forcing us to take a fresh look at Mayakovsky’s life and work. Moreover, the more I learn about Mayakovsky as a person, the more interesting his work becomes to me. Mayakovsky’s love lyrics became a real revelation for me.

The topic of the personal lives of famous writers and poets is always intriguing, because it is very interesting to consider their work at certain moments in their lives. V. Mayakovsky has long been considered a poet praising the revolution and the Soviet system. All the specifics of his work in Soviet literature were associated with propaganda poems. The poet was one of the most talented futurists. V. Mayakovsky amazed his contemporaries with “the originality of form, the originality of syntax, the boldness of inversions, the unusual materiality of images, ... the cruel sharpness of motives.” Therefore, such a traditional theme as love, the lyrics in the poet’s work are not traditional, unexpected. “He wanted the impossible. His feelings were exaggerated... People and passions in his mind took on grandiose shapes. If he wrote about love, the love was enormous.”

The purpose of my essay: consider and study the theme of love in the works of V.V. Mayakovsky.

Tasks :

1) Study the biography of the poet.

2) Analyze the love creativity of V.V. Mayakovsky.

Assessing his first experience of composing poetry, Mayakovsky writes in his autobiography: “The third gymnasium published the illegal magazine “Rush.” Offended. Others write, but I can’t?! It began to creak. It turned out incredibly revolutionary and equally ugly... I wrote the second one. It came out lyrical. Not considering this state of heart compatible with my “socialist dignity,” I quit altogether.” It was this peculiar embarrassment to write lyrics, to look like everyone else, that later influenced the poet’s reflection of the theme of love in poetry.

Love. The inexhaustibility of this topic is obvious. At all times, judging by the tales and traditions of different peoples that have reached us, it has excited the hearts and minds of people. Love is the most complex, mysterious and paradoxical reality that a person faces. And not because, as is usually believed, there is only one step from love to hate, but because love cannot be “calculated or calculated”! In love, it is impossible to be petty and mediocre - it requires generosity and talent, vigilance of the heart, breadth of soul, a kind, subtle mind and much, much more that nature has endowed us with in abundance, and that we foolishly waste and dull in our vain life. Poets and writers, philosophers and mystics, artists and composers of different eras turned to this eternal theme, trying to use the means of their genre to express the charm, harmony, drama of love, and to comprehend its mystery. The theme of love in the works of great poets is always relevant, because like nothing else it allows you to feel them so deeply inner world and state of mind. Today, humanity has colossal historical and literary material for understanding the phenomenon of love.

Although early Russian literature does not know such beautiful images of love as literature Western Europe, but in late XIX- at the beginning of the 20th century, the theme of love bursts into Russian literature with volcanic energy. More has been written about love in Russia in a few decades than in several centuries. Moreover, this literature is distinguished by intensive research and originality of thinking. I would like to dwell, unfortunately, on only one of them - Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky.

The poet reveals the depth of his love and the magnitude of his suffering with lines that everyone can understand: “Not a single ringing sound is joyful except the ringing of your beloved name,” “Let me at least cover your departing light with the last tenderness.”

1. The theme of love in the works of Mayakovsky V.V.

V. Mayakovsky wrote about love in his diary: “Love is life, this is the main thing. Poems, deeds, and everything else unfold from it. Love is the heart of everything". The poet carried this thesis into his work, reflecting it in various versions, even considering love not only as a relationship between a man and a woman, but also more broadly, love for the whole world, built on the basis of these relationships, love for the party, system, etc.
V. Mayakovsky also speaks against philistinism in love, about the personal in relationships between people in his poems of 1915. For example, in the poem “Naval Love” the poet describes the love of a destroyer and a destroyer with a sad ending. After the intervention of the “copper-haired woman” in the relationship of loving hearts, after a blow to the destroyer’s rib, the destroyer was widowed. The poem also reflects the author’s personal understanding, an attack against philistinism in love. Lilya Brik is considered the poet's muse. He dedicated his early lyric poems to her (Lilichka! Instead of a letter, 1916):

And I won’t throw myself into the air,
And I won't drink poison
And I won’t be able to pull the trigger above my temple.
Above me
Except your look
The blade of no knife has power...

The poet reveals the depth of his love and the magnitude of his suffering in lines that everyone can understand: “No ringing is joyful except the ringing of your beloved name,” “Let me at least cover your departing light with the last tenderness.”

V. Mayakovsky’s poem “A Cloud in Pants” is dedicated to Lilya Brik. They met in 1914. Osip Brik, L. Brik’s first husband, was a fan of V. Mayakovsky’s work. It was he who published “Cloud in Pants” as a separate book with his own money.

Mayakovsky’s biographer notes that the poet “was connected with Lilya by some mystical feeling, much deeper than ordinary love for a woman... Lilya was truly a muse for the poet, and not only the inspiration of his poetry, but also the support of his life. After all, Mayakovsky rather wanted to be a “bawler” and a “rebel” and indeed seemed like that to many, but in his soul he was a vulnerable person and not even self-confident. To those who listened to Mayakovsky's speeches, who admired his bravado, thunderous voice, and enthusiasm, this might seem like fiction. His huge figure seemed the embodiment of strength. But, nevertheless, like many people of art, deep down in his soul Mayakovsky constantly needed assurances of his greatness. Lilya Brik listened to the poet, admired him, reassured him, and inspired confidence. She did not play and certainly did not flatter him; she was truly confident in his genius. She generally had the talent to listen to people in such a way that they grew in their own eyes.

Katanyan V.A., biographer of V. Mayakovsky, collected and published in 1993 in the collection “The Name of This Theme: Love” the memories of women close to Vladimir Vladimirovich, who played a more or less noticeable role in the poet’s life. Among them: Sofya Shamardina, Marusya Burliuk, Elsa Triolet, her sister Lilya Brik, Natalya Bryukhanenko, Natalya Ryabova, Galina Katanyan and Veronika Polonskaya, Elizaveta Ziber, Tatyana Yakovleva. V. Mayakovsky fell in love more than once.

The poet speaks about his love for Yakovleva in the poem “Letter to Comrade Kostrov on the Essence of Love.” V. Mayakovsky's love is ready to sweep away all obstacles. He compares it to a natural disaster created by "hurricane, fire and water":

Us
Love is not heaven and tabernacles,
Us
Love
It's buzzing about
What now
Put into operation
Hearts
Cold motor.

“Emigrant” and “defector” - this is what the poet’s contemporaries said about T. Yakovleva. This love story is full of tragedy. Can the best Soviet poet fall in love with a Russian emigrant? This is not Soviet. Therefore, the poems written by Mayakovsky about her, dedicated to her, were not published for a long time. Reflecting his admiration for his beloved, Mayakovsky wrote:

You and us
are needed in Moscow,
lacks
long-legged.

Tatyana Yakovleva aroused a great feeling in the poet, he dedicated poems of amazing power to her:

You are the only one for me
height level,
stand next to me
with an eyebrow eyebrow...
Jealousy,
wives, tears...
well them! –
eyelids will swell,
fits Viu.
I'm not myself
and I
I'm jealous
for Soviet Russia.

As for the place of the theme of love in Mayakovsky’s work, A. Subbotin in his book “Horizons of Poetry” proves that the motif of the exaltation of love permeates all of the poet’s work. Because not only a poet of this magnitude, but also any “person cannot “just live” and “just love.” He needs to understand, realize, explain to himself and others why he lives and loves this way and not otherwise...”

Mayakovsky's love combined “personal and public.” Hyperbole was the dominant style of Mayakovsky. His passions were as hyperbolic as his images. If he loved, it was unthinkable love. His love lyrics, depicting unrequited love, are painful to the point of screaming, to the point of hysteria.

With the appearance in print of “Clouds in Pants” (“The Thirteenth Apostle”), an event that was by no means ordinary occurred in Russian poetry. The poem by 22-year-old Mayakovsky encroached on the foundations of the bourgeois world order and predicted the imminent arrival of revolution. According to the poet himself, it was the result of “a strengthened consciousness of the imminent revolution.”

Mayakovsky began his poem in the first half of 1914, after visiting Odessa during a Black Sea tour. In Odessa, Mayakovsky fell in love with young Maria Denisova, a girl of extraordinary charm and strong character. I fell in love unrequitedly, suffered from it, and on the way to the next city in the train carriage I read the first lines of the poem to my friends... Then there was a long break, the war pushed this plan aside. And when he had an epiphany regarding the war, when the origins of the world catastrophe were revealed to the poet, he realized that he was ready to continue working on the poem, but in a different understanding of life in general. The love drama grew into the drama of life. The poet himself defined the meaning of the work as follows: “down with your love”, “down with your art”, “down with your system”, “down with your religion” - four cries of four parts.” The poem was completed by July 1915.

At the very beginning of the poem, in its preface, the offensive power of youth is affirmed:

There is not a single gray hair in my soul, And there is no senile tenderness in it! Having enlarged the world with the power of his voice, Ida, a handsome, twenty-two-year-old.

Youth and love go hand in hand. The theme of love is the main one in the first chapter of the poem. The love drama that sets up the plot is unusual. In the love triangle there is no successful, happy rival whom Maria fell in love with. She doesn’t say at all when explaining whether she loves or doesn’t love, she only says: “You know, I’m getting married.” She is Mona Lisa, “who must be stolen!” She was stolen, bought, seduced by wealth, money, comfort... Any of these assumptions could be true. In the triangle, the third character includes the bourgeois life order, where the relationship between a man and a woman is based on profit, self-interest, buying and selling, but not on love. Here Mayakovsky typifies the phenomenon, moves away from real fact, since Maria Denisova did not get married then, this happened later. And her marriage was not a marriage of convenience: a different fate, a different character. And in general, the heroine of the poem is a collective image (although at the very beginning of work on the poem, Mayakovsky wrote specifically about Denisova). The name Maria, according to the poet, suits him more than any other; it seems to him the most feminine.

The hero of the poem suffers deeply. Suffering and despair push him to revolt, and his suffering spills out on such a powerful lyrical wave that can drown a person, dragging him into a stream of unprecedented passions. This is where paradoxical metaphors are born:

I hear: quietly, like a patient, a nerve jumped out of bed. Or: Mother! Your son is beautifully sick! Mother! His heart is on fire. Or: I’ll roll out my teary eyes with barrels, let me lean on my ribs. And etc.

The structure of the first chapter, like the entire poem, is distinguished by aggressive vocabulary, street rudeness and deliberate anti-aestheticism. Blasphemy reveals anarchic tendencies, the rebellious element of the poem. Mayakovsky's hero represents a powerful image of denial, rebellion. The first chapter of the poem is permeated with the theme of love, but this love is unrequited; and therefore very strong:

Will there be love or not? Which one is big or tiny? Once again, the lover will go out to play, Illuminating the arch of my eyebrows with fire.

The hero's love is such a powerful impulse that it incinerates him internally. But this feeling is not autonomous; it takes on the character of a social drama. Praying for pure love, not corrupted by any self-interest, the poet transfers all the passion of denial to the bourgeois world order. In him he sees evil, distorting morality, and does not want to accept it anymore. In the poem “A Cloud in Pants,” Mayakovsky strives to put his lyrical and tragic hero, expressing the aspirations of all humanity, in the place of God - decrepit, helpless, incapable of any or actions for the sake of people. This hero, because of his unrequited love for a woman and for people in general, becomes a fighter against God with the heart of Christ. However, in order to become a Man-God, the hero and all other people must be free, reveal their best capabilities, and throw off all slavery. Hence Mayakovsky’s revolutionary nihilism, which found its expression in defining the programmatic meaning of the poem “A Cloud in Pants”: “Down with your love,” “Down with your art,” “Down with your system,” “Down with your religion.” Mayakovsky contrasts love, art, the social system and religion of the old world with his love, his art, his idea of the social structure of the future, his faith in the ideal of a new, beautiful person in all respects. The attempt to implement this program after the revolution turned out to be tragic for the poet. In “The Cloud,” Mayakovsky comes out to the people of the “languageless” street in the role of a poet-prophet, “the thirteenth apostle,” “today’s scream-lipped Zarathustra” to deliver a new Sermon on the Mount to them. Calling himself “today’s scream-lipped Zarathustra,” Mayakovsky wanted to say that he, like Zarathustra, is a prophet of the future - but not of a superman, but of humanity liberated from slavery.

In the tragic poems “Cloud in Pants”, “Spine Flute”, “War and Peace”, “Man” and “About This”, Mayakovsky’s hero, acting as a god-fighter, “thirteenth apostle”, Demon and warrior, appears tragic doubles similar to Christ. In depicting this tragic duality, Mayakovsky develops the traditions of Gogol, Lermontov, Dostoevsky and Blok, becoming a fighter against God with the heart of Christ. His fight against God begins with the torments of unrequited love for a woman and only then acquires social and existential meaning. In the poem “Spine Flute” he showed the upcoming holiday of mutual, shared love, and in the poem “War and Peace” - a holiday of fraternal unity of all countries, peoples and continents. Mayakovsky wanted shared love not only for himself, but “so that love would flow throughout the universe.”

The ideals of V. Mayakovsky were tragically shattered by reality. The poem “Man” shows the collapse of all the hero’s efforts and aspirations aimed at achieving personal and social ideals. This collapse is due to the inertia of human nature, the tragic lack of love, the slavish submission of people to the Lord of Everything - this omnipotent viceroy of God on earth, a symbol of the power of money, the power of the bourgeoisie, capable of buying love and art, subjugating the will and mind of people.

The poem “About This” is also dedicated to the theme of love. The poem consists of a prologue and two parts: “The Ballad of Reading Gaol” and “Christmas Night”. The introduction answers the question: “What is this about?” The conclusion “A petition addressed to...”, like the prologue, is named half-jokingly. If in the main part the lyrical hero stands out, then in the introduction and conclusion he merges with the author himself. The peculiarity of the poem is that everything described does not happen in reality, but in the mind of the lyrical hero, and takes place as a change in figurative associations. The entire description is permeated with a mournful, indignant and tragic tone and is framed by the deeply optimistic oratorical tone of the author.

V. Mayakovsky began work on the poem “About This” in December 1922. He doomed himself to home confinement in order to privately think and comprehend how a new person should live, what his morals, life, and love should be in post-revolutionary conditions. Mayakovsky defined the main theme of the poem: “For personal reasons about common life.”

On this topic, both personal and petty,
covered more than once or five times,
I circled like a poetic squirrel
and I want to spin again.

In February 1923, the poem was already completed. Although the work was created in such a short period of time, within two months, according to the researcher of Mayakovsky’s work A. Metchenko, “in terms of the speed of response to topical questions, “About This” is not inferior to any of Mayakovsky’s post-October works.” And, of course, in two months he went through not only “thousands of tons of verbal ore,” but also passed through himself a powerful stream of surging thoughts on this topical topic. Contemporaries did not even understand or accept this poem.

The hero, due to some complex relationship that remains outside the poem, is separated from his beloved and feels in his room as if in prison. A telephone for him is a straw for a drowning man. He finds out that she is sick, and “worse than bullets” is that they don’t want to talk to him. The feeling of “grinding jealousy” turns the hero into a bear. But the “bear” suffers and cries. Tears are water.

This association grows into the image of a river. A love delirium-hallucination begins. He floats along the Neva into the past on an “ice floe” and recognizes himself in the “man of seven years”, also rejected by his beloved. From the pages of the poem there is a cry for help: “Save! There’s a man on the bridge on the Neva!” the hero swims further, and under him “a pillow island grows.” The island grows into dry land, and now he is already in Moscow in the same guise of a bear. He appeals to everyone he meets to help that man on the bridge. Nobody understands him. He becomes convinced with horror that in himself, and not just in those around him, the remnants of the past have not been uprooted. And at this time, the “man for seven years” himself “marched” to the hero of the poem and told him that he was ready to suffer alone for everyone whose love was vulgarized by the bourgeois life. Half-delirious, half-asleep, the hero sees himself on the bell tower of Ivan the Great and from below “duelists are coming” against him, “you are our hundred-year-old enemy. I’ve caught one like that - a hussar!” - insolent townsfolk mock the hero-poet, comparing him with Lermontov. They shoot him “from a hundred paces, from ten, from two at point-blank range - charge after charge...” It’s a terrible dream, but the poet-hero lives. The essence of his struggle and revival is that “In the Kremlin, the poet’s wisps shone in the wind like a red flag.” The victorious hero floats aboard the constellation Ursa Major, bawling “poems to the universe in noise.” The Ark sticks to the window of his room, where his fantastic journey began. The hero now merges with the poet himself, revealing the meaning of everything that happened in the final “resolution.”

In the poem, Mayakovsky showed the lyrical hero’s struggle for ideal, shared love, without which there is no life. During this tragic duel, fantastic metamorphoses occur with the hero; his natural nature, under the influence of the “mass of love,” disincarnates and turns into creative and spiritual energy, the symbols of which are verse, poetry and the suffering Christ. The hyperbolic process of metamorphosis is expressed by the poet in a complex system of the poet’s tragic doubles: a bear, a suicidal Komsomol member, who simultaneously resembles Jesus, and Mayakovsky himself, and others. In general, this tragic metamorphic process takes the form of a mystery poem about love, suffering, death and the future resurrection of the all-man, the natural man, striving to take the place of God.

After the appearance of the poem, many wrote that it reflected the NEP period. But Mayakovsky took it more broadly, returning to the past and outlining the future. One of the main themes of the poem is the fight against philistinism. Mayakovsky is fighting against the vulgarity of philistinism, against everything that was “hammered into us by departed slaves.” But the most important thing in the poem is the “militant affirmation of great love,” the restoration of this feeling, disfigured by possessive relationships. The problem of gender thereby develops into a social and humanistic problem. With his poem, according to I. Mashbits-Verov, “Mayakovsky... affirms the possibility and necessity of great, beautiful, undying love. This is what Mayakovsky is fighting for. We just need to destroy the abomination of buying and selling, the criminal world of property, which turns women into “a bundle of rags and meat”…” It is this world that separates the lovers in the poem and perverts the beloved. The conflict of the poem is tragic because it is based on “the collision of two forms of life, two attitudes towards the world” (A. Metchenko). Here, compromise with oneself can lead to personality disintegration. And therefore, “the leitmotif of the poem “About This,” writes A. Metchenko, “is the requirement of integrity, the ideal of a person, holistic, both in public and in personal life.”

V. Mayakovsky begins to reveal the theme with a peculiarity inherent only to him, building up the pressure of the theme with enormous energy. The poet “sets out his creed in stunning verses about love as a creative force.”

This theme will come and will never wear out,
He will only say: - From now on, look at me! –
And you look at her, and you go as a standard bearer,
red silk fire over the ground banner.
This is a tricky topic! Dive under the events
In the recesses of instincts, preparing to jump,
And as if in a rage, they dared to forget her! –
Will shake; souls will fall from the skins...

The theme of the first chapter is still relevant today. In an episode of a telephone conversation, the hero does not want to admit to himself that his beloved rejected him, that he does not recognize a woman’s right to freedom of feeling. Here is a dilemma: the question of the exclusivity of the high essence of love and of jealousy as a base feeling of ownership, which has long been the feeling and right of a man. The poet, as if continuing the poem “About This” in 1928 in “Letter to Comrade Kostrov from Paris about the essence of love” writes:

Loving is like sheets, torn insomnia,
to break down, jealous of Copernicus,
him, and not Marya Ivanna’s husband,
considering him his rival.

In the system of images of the poem “About This” the main place is occupied by the lyrical hero, his relationships and connections with other images. The tension of the conflict is that the hero is surrounded by rudeness, violence, and dirty words. His aspirations are incomprehensible to those closest to him. Everyone around him “replaces love with tea and darning socks.” This forces the hero to step over even his family. And so last hope. Through the hated world of philistinism, the poet makes his way to his beloved.

Now only you could save.
Get up! Let's run to the bridge! –
Bull at the slaughterhouse under attack
He bent my head.
I'll pull myself together and go there.
Just a second and I’ll step.

But... she is surrounded by the same hostile rabble. And the hero even has to step over his own love. However, this is not the most difficult thing. The most difficult thing for a lyrical hero is the restructuring of consciousness. There are strong attempts to evade the struggle for something new in family and love, conservatism and the inertia of old thinking when the situation requires a new approach to life. The essence of the internal struggle of the lyrical hero is that she “goes for the establishment of the principles of a new morality in the most intimate areas of life and everyday life.” There is a temptation to compromise, to achieve reciprocity, but for this the lyrical hero would have to “shorten” his “huge love.” The idea of surrender is rejected, since the hero cannot replace his love with darning socks, he cannot kill the person in himself. Because love is impossible in the world of traders, just as beauty and goodness are impossible in it.

Therefore, it should be said that the poem “About This” reflects the most important, turning point in the formation of a new person. The hero has a need to “shake the gray soul out of himself.” “The poet,” according to Lurie, “is especially acutely aware of the fact that liberation in the revolution... from the norms of the old morality and proprietary shackles did not become for the person of Soviet society real freedom from the power of the old world, did not lead to a complete renewal of the spiritual and moral world of the individual. It suddenly opens up to him that this extremely complex task can be solved in a distant historical perspective, in the succession of a number of human generations. The poet learns from his own bitter experience how difficult and painful the path of moral self-purification is..."

Your thirtieth century will outrun the flocks
the heart was torn apart by little things.
Let's make up for what we don't like today
The starry of countless nights.
Resurrect at least for the fact that I am a poet
I was waiting for you, put away the everyday nonsense!
Resurrect me at least for this!
Resurrect - I want to live out my life!
So that there is no love - a servant
Marriages, lust, bread.
Cursed the bed, got up from the couch,
so that love flows throughout the universe.
So that the day, which grows old with grief,
don’t be merciful, begging.
So that everyone at the first cry: “Comrade!”
The earth turned around.
So as not to live as a sacrifice to holes at home
so that from now on I can become part of my family
father, at least in peace,
the earth, at least - the mother.

Even 70 years after that revolution, we still feel the relevance of the problems raised by Mayakovsky in this poem, literally in everything, from the theme of love and life to the restructuring of consciousness, the restructuring of thinking. In this regard, we can say that Mayakovsky’s poem “About This” is modern in content and for it, in connection with the same fundamental changes in society, begins new life. Because we, as then, need to fight for the future, to “drag” the future into the present. This is exactly what Mayakovsky is talking about when addressing a chemist of the 20th century in his poem. And remnants of the past last most strongly and longest in everyday life. In some ways we have gone far ahead of what is described in the poem, but in others we have not yet taken a step.
The poem in the conditions of Soviet Russia in the 20-30s of the twentieth century was developed by other poets, among whom were Yesenin, Pasternak, Akhmatova, Tsvetaeva. Despite all the differences between them, they have something unifying, conditioned by the time of revolutionary changes in society. However, with all this, when comparing, for example, Mayakovsky’s poems “About This” and Yesenin’s “Black Man,” it turns out that Mayakovsky’s poem is much larger in socio-historical and philosophical terms. The poet was far ahead of his time, having caught and reflected in the poem barely noticeable shoots of the future, which largely determined the misunderstanding and rejection of the poem “About This” by his contemporaries. When compared with Tsvetaeva and Pasternak, the same thing appears: “where Tsvetaeva puts an end to and ends the heroine’s life, and Pasternak absorbs, absorbs life with all its properties of today’s history, Mayakovsky goes further, courageously explores reality in all its contradictions and strives into the distant future. Perspective is important to him,” writes A.N. Lurie. Therefore, Mayakovsky’s poetic thought turns out to be more effective, since it comes from a concrete historical assessment of reality. He states this:

From the heights of poetry I throw myself into communism,
For I have no love without him.

For Mayakovsky, the traditional “he and she - my ballad” turns out to be narrow, the poet’s intensely searching thought breaks these boundaries and expands from the apartment world to the scale of the entire planet, from love for a woman to the problems of universal human coexistence, from the 20th to the 20th centuries. This is exactly how a work that was innovative in structure arose, synthesizing various genre varieties of the poem.
Mayakovsky approached the problem of personality in life and art in a new way. Mayakovsky conquered the theme of love, related to the so-called “pure” poetry, for social lyrics: love and everyday life, love and family, love and friendship, love and the struggle for the triumph of communism in the atmosphere of those years. The poet, as a citizen of his time and his country, demonstrates under what conditions this topic “will never wear out” and how the idea of love must change so that this topic does not become petty. In this regard, Mayakovsky’s “Petition to the Name...” is significant, which enriched literature with a remarkable poetic program for the future, in which personal, intimate feeling is exalted as a powerful factor in the unity of man with humanity. So it turns out that the ideal of love, affirmed by Mayakovsky, is inseparable from the victory of communism. This ideal has nothing to do with love, understood as an attribute of a double bed. This ideal rises to a feeling of kinship with all working humanity and expands the boundaries of the family. Before Mayakovsky, world lyric poetry had never known such an understanding of love.

It remains to note the significance of the poem “About This” in the development of the genre. This is not an everyday poem, but a romantic one, affirming the greatness of exclusivity in love, and not the so-called “free love.” Based on the fact that the main interest in the poem is feelings, aspirations, and thoughts, I. Mashbits-Verov characterizes the poem as psychological and philosophical. Of course, this poem is specific in many ways, but it does not stand alone among monumental poetry, which always artistically explores pressing, key problems of the time. Some researchers (A. Subbotin) indicate a continuous connection between Mayakovsky and Pushkin, Lermontov, Nekrasov. For subsequent generations of poets, Mayakovsky himself is an example of an innovative, bold approach to poetry. In all this we see the enormous significance of the poem “About This” and its innovative genre originality.
Even in V. Mayakovsky’s suicide letter love is mentioned:

Lilya, love me.
Comrade government, my family is Lilya Brik, mother, sisters and Veronica Vitoldovna Polonskaya.
If you give them a tolerable life, thank you.
As they say -
"the incident is ruined"
love boat
crashed into everyday life.
I'm even with life
and there is no need for a list
mutual pains, troubles and insults.
Stay safe, Vladimir Mayakovsky.

12.4.30.

Conclusion

V. Mayakovsky has long been considered a poet praising the revolution and the Soviet system. All the specifics of his work in Soviet literature were associated with propaganda poems. The poet was one of the most talented futurists. V. Mayakovsky amazed his contemporaries with “the originality of form, the originality of syntax, the boldness of inversions, the unusual materiality of images, ... the cruel sharpness of motives.” Therefore, such a traditional theme as love, the lyrics in the poet’s work are not traditional, unexpected. “He wanted the impossible. His feelings were exaggerated... People and passions in his mind took on grandiose shapes. If he wrote about love, the love was enormous.”

To summarize, I would like to say that Russian literature XIX– XX centuries constantly turned to the topic of love, trying to understand its philosophical and moral meaning.

Using the example of Mayakovsky’s works discussed in the essay, I tried to reveal the theme of love in literature and philosophy.

V. Mayakovsky wrote about love in his diary: “Love is life, this is the main thing. Poems, deeds, and everything else unfold from it. Love is the heart of everything." The poet carried this thesis into his work, reflecting it in various versions, even considering love not only as a relationship between a man and a woman, but also more broadly, love for the whole world, built on the basis of these relationships, love for the party, system, etc.

The goal of my essay has been achieved. Having studied the biography and love lyrics of V.V. Mayakovsky, we came to the conclusion that love is a constant lyrical theme of poetry. But due to the specific style and hyperbolism of V. Mayakovsky, it acquires an unconventional shade. It seems that the poet speaks clearly, understands, feels like everyone else, but expresses it in some other words, somehow differently. Usually poets use nature to describe and emphasize feelings. Mayakovsky has no landscape, no nature in his works. It even does tender feelings somehow rough, but no less strong. Behind the hyperbolic, futuristic images and reflections hides an ordinary romantic with a vulnerable soul.

No matter how you look at his work, it colored an entire historical era. Mayakovsky's poems will be studied in the new millennium, which he dreamed of in his works.

Mayakovsky believed that rudeness, vulgarity, and hypocrisy of the world around us are capable of perverting a person’s feelings, destroying them even at the very moment of their inception. That is why he hated and actively fought against the philistine world, mercilessly scourging and ridiculing all its imperfections. And at the same time, this wonderful poet believed that true love is infinitely strong, omnipotent, it cannot be frightened by everyday life, or insults, misunderstandings, it is able to stand up for itself, because it is not a selfish feeling, but a gift, a sacrifice to another, to someone close and dear to you.

Literature

1. Big school encyclopedia. 6-11 grades – T. 1. – M., 1999.
2. Goncharov B.P. Poetics of Mayakovsky. - M., 1983.
3. Korenevskaya E. The love boat crashed into everyday life: Lilya Brik is the only muse. The big heart of a poet. Two deaths. // Website: Arguments and Facts.
4. Lurie A.N. Lyrical hero in Mayakovsky's poems. Lecture. - L., 1972.
5. Mashbits-Verov I. Poems of Mayakovsky. - M., 1963.
6. Mayakovsky V.V. Poems. – L., 1973.
7. Metchenko A. Mayakovsky’s creativity. 1917-1924 - M., 1954.
8. Nyanin A. Genre originality of V.V. Mayakovsky’s poem “ABOUT THIS” // Ural State University them. A.M. Gorky, Faculty of Philology, Department of Literature // Website: Press Center “Golden Gates of the Urals”. 2001.
9. Pertsov V. Mayakovsky: life and creativity. v.2. (1918-1924). - M., 1976.
10. Petrosov K.G. Works of V.V. Mayakovsky. - M. 1985.
11. Russian writers of the twentieth century: Bibliographic dictionary. - T1. - M., 1999.
12. Subbotin A. Horizons of poetry. - Sverdlovsk, 1984.
13. Timofeev L. Poetics of Mayakovsky. - M., 1941.
14. Encyclopedia for children. – T. 9: Russian literature. – Part 2: XX century. – M., 1999.

Mayakovsky was and remains one of the most significant figures in the history of Russian poetry of the 20th century. Behind the external rudeness of Mayakovsky’s lyrical hero hides a vulnerable and tender heart. This is evidenced by Mayakovsky's poems about the deeply personal. They amaze with the passionate power of the feelings expressed in them:

"Except for your love

I have no sun"

(“Lilechka”),

entwined with fire

on an unburnt fire

unthinkable love"

("Human")

The lyrical hero of early Mayakovsky is romantic in his attitude and very lonely. No one hears him, no one understands him, they laugh at him, they condemn him (“The Violin and a Little Nervously,” “I”). In the poem “Sale,” the poet says that he is ready to give everything in the world for “a single word, affectionate, human.” What caused such a tragic attitude? Unrequited love. In the poem “Lily (instead of a letter)” and the poem “Cloud in Pants,” the motive of unrequited love is the leading one (“Tomorrow you will forget that I crowned you,” “Let me line your departing step with the last tenderness”). In these works, the lyrical hero appears as a gentle and very vulnerable person, not a man, but a “cloud in his pants”:

They wouldn't recognize me now

sinewy hulk

writhing...

But the beloved rejects the hero for the sake of bourgeois well-being:

You know -

I'm getting married.

She doesn’t need love of such enormous power! She is cold and ironic. And it turns into an awakened volcano:

Your son is beautifully sick!

His heart is on fire.

Tell your sisters, Lyuda and Olya, -

He has nowhere to go.

The poem “Cloud in Pants” shows the transformation of a community of love into a community of hatred for everyone and everything. Disappointed in love, the hero emits four cries of “down with”:

Down with your love!

Down with your art!

Down with your state

Down with your religion!

Suffering from unrequited love turns into hatred of that world and that system where everything is bought and sold.

In a letter to L.Yu. Brik Mayakovsky wrote: “Does love exhaust everything for me? Everything, but only differently. Love is life, this is the main thing. Poems, deeds, and everything else unfold from it. Love is the heart of everything. If she stops working, everything else dies away, becomes superfluous, unnecessary. But if the heart works, it cannot but manifest itself in everything.” It is precisely this kind of “solid heart,” loving and therefore responsive to everything in the world, that is revealed in Mayakovsky’s poetry. For a poet, talking about love means talking about life, about the most significant thing in one’s own destiny. For, he is convinced, this feeling must be on par with the era. The ease of resolving this issue did not suit Mayakovsky. In this case, too, he was guided by the demands placed on himself and those around him. After all, he knew that “love should not become any “should”, any “impossible” - only free competition with the whole world.”

What can allow you to emerge victorious in this competition? For Mayakovsky, the feeling that connects two does not isolate them from the world. The feeling that forces a person to isolate himself in a narrow world (“in a small apartment world”) is inseparable for him from the old things he hates. A loving heart contains the whole world. The ideal of high love affirmed by the poet can only be realized in a bright future. And the task of poetry in this case is to speed up the path to the future, overcoming “everyday nonsense.”

It is interesting to compare two poems inspired by a strong and deep feeling for Tatyana Yakovleva: “Letter to Comrade Kostrov from Paris about the essence of love” and “Letter to Tatyana Yakovleva.” The first of them was addressed to an official, the editor of Komsomolskaya Pravda, in which the poet who found himself in Paris collaborated, while the second - not intended for publication - was passed from hand to hand to the woman he loved.

In the first of these “letters,” Mayakovsky reflects not just on love, but on its essence. The feeling of burning power evokes an urgent need to understand oneself, to take a fresh look at the world. In a new way: for Mayakovsky, love is a feeling that rebuilds a person, creating him anew. The poet avoids abstraction in his conversation. The addressee of the “Letter...” is named after the person who caused this storm in the heart and to whom this poetic monologue is addressed is introduced into the text. And in the poem itself there are many details scattered, details that do not allow the poem to be carried away into the foggy heights. His love is “human, simple,” and poetic inspiration manifests itself in the most everyday situations:

Raises the area noise,

the crews are moving,

I write poems

in a notebook.

A simple earthly feeling is contrasted with that “passing pair of feelings” that is called “rubbish”. The poet speaks about what elevates a person - about the elements,

come up in murmur

possessing healing powers. And again, the poetic metaphors he uses contribute to the literal materialization of concepts. The name of the brilliant Copernicus pronounced here gives an idea of the scale of the feeling in question.

The usual contrast in poetry, when it comes to love, between the earthly and the heavenly, the everyday and the sublime, is not for Mayakovsky. He began (in the poem “A Cloud in Pants”) with a decisive protest against the sweet-voiced chants that arose in such cases, with defiantly frank words:

the sonnet poet sings to Tiana,

all made of meat, all man -

I just ask your body

as Christians ask -

"Our daily bread -

give it to us today.”

The need for a sharply expressed opposition of one's ideas about love, which is equivalent to life itself, disappears. There is no need to contrast the ordinary, earthly with the beautiful, sublime. Love makes it possible to feel their unity, poetry - to discover it, express it and consolidate it in words.

In “Letter... to Kostrov,” reflections on the essence of love unfold with remarkable logic, a system of arguments is built that is sufficient for the conversation about love to acquire a public character. A word escaping from the heart of a lover is capable of “raising, / and leading, / and attracting, / / which the eye has weakened.”

In “Letter to Tatyana Yakovleva” the same theme is presented from a different, dramatic side. It is difficult to understand why mutual love could not bring happiness to the lovers. Apparently, he was hampered by a feeling of jealousy, which the poet promises to pacify.

And here the theme of love cannot receive a happy resolution. It is transferred to an uncertain future, associated with the coming triumph of the revolution on a worldwide scale:

I don't care

someday I'll take it -

or together with Paris.

And in the present there is a loneliness that has not been overcome.

In this poem, Mayakovsky also uses his favorite genre - a monologue addressed to a specific person. This imparts trust to the verse and gives what is said a deeply personal character. At the same time, the scope of the world that opens up in a message addressed to the woman you love is extremely wide. This applies to both spatial (from Moscow to Paris) and temporal (the time of revolution and Civil War– today – the future associated with the arrival of the revolution in Paris) borders. The extreme frankness characteristic of the opening lines of the poem is further reinforced by the words about “dogs of brutal passion”, about jealousy that “moves mountains”, about “measles of passion” - the letter is filled with the power of intimate feeling. And it is constantly translated into social terms. Therefore, when the hero exclaims:

Come here,

go to the crossroads

my big ones

and clumsy hands.

Words about the future triumph of the revolution become the logical conclusion of the poem.

“Community love” is a phrase that is better than others capable of expressing the feeling underlying the poem.

To summarize what has been said, we note that Mayakovsky prefers to lyrical self-expression the desire to convince, to affirm his position, his ideas about the world, about man’s place in it, about happiness. Hence his focus on colloquial (often oratorical) speech. Coming from the present, the poet strives for a bright future. This determines the pathos of his poems.

Mayakovsky is often called the “tribune poet”. And although there is some truth in this, it would be wrong to reduce Mayakovsky’s poetry only to propaganda and oratorical poems, since it contains intimate love confessions, a tragic cry, a feeling of sadness, and philosophical thoughts about love. In other words, Mayakovsky’s poetry is diverse and multicolored.

Literature lesson in 11th grade

Lesson topic: “Forever wounded by love” (the theme of love in the lyrics of V.V. Mayakovsky)

The purpose of the lesson: to give students an idea of V. Mayakovsky’s love lyrics, of how the poet perceived this feeling;

consolidate the ability to analyze a lyrical work; develop a respectful attitude towards women

equipment: portrait of V. Mayakovsky, slide projector, project work students (on electronic media)

on the board: “Love is life, this is the main thing.” Poems, deeds, and so on unfold from her. Love is the heart of everything. If it stops working, everything else dies off, becomes superfluous, unnecessary. But if the heart works, it cannot but manifest itself in everything” (from a letter from V. Mayakovsky to L. Brik, 02/5/1923)

(list of works on this topic) Poems: “Cloud in Pants” (1914-1915), “Spine Flute” (1916), “I Love” (1922), “About This” (1923)

Poems: “Lilichka!” (1916) “Love” (1926)

“Letter to Comrade Kostrov from Paris about the essence of love” (1928) “Letter to Tatyana Yakovleva” (1928) Unfinished (1928-1930)

During the classes.

Organizational moment
Teacher's word.

Mayakovsky and love lyrics. Previously, it was believed that these 2 concepts are incompatible. Fortunately, in recent years, more and more materials have begun to appear that force us to take a fresh look at the life and work of V. Mayakovsky (the epigraph is read out). But how should one react to poetic lines and statements of this kind: “... the poet is not the one who walks like a curly lamb and bleats on lyrical love themes”, “melancholic nudity”, “now is not the time for love affairs.” What was it for Mayakovsky? love lyrics? “Melancholy nudity” or a mirror of emotional experiences? In this lesson we will try to answer this question, and for this we need to find a connection between the poetic and the personal. Find out what circumstances and experiences prompted the poet to write this or that work. (Name the works - slide 4,5,6) November 26 is a wonderful holiday - Mother's Day. I would like to say a few words about the Mayakovsky family (slide 7,8,9). An atmosphere of goodwill and respect for each other always reigned in their house. And this is a considerable merit of a small, reserved, taciturn woman, the poet’s mother, who remained a widow at the age of 39 and raised three children. “Dear, sweet and dear mother! You are the best and kindest mother in the whole world,” Mayakovsky wrote. Alexandra Alekseevna (1867-1954), in her eightieth year, began writing a book about her son. And this work seemed to keep her alive. On the occasion of her son’s 60th birthday, a year before Alexandra Alekseevna’s death, the book was published. The mother kept many of her son’s things: a glass, a spoon, a small metal soap dish, even a cigarette, which he forgot on one of his visits home. “In the whole world there was no son more tender than Volodya,” testified Alexandra Alekseevna. “There were 2 people in him. Volodya is tender, infinitely kind, and was embarrassed in a way that was unusual for his son. I couldn't offend anyone. And the other Vladimir spoke loudly about the truth of life, became embittered, worked hard, knew neither day nor night. He built... and wanted everyone to understand what was inside him...”3.student’s message.

MARIA DENISOVA Vladimir Mayakovsky was and remains one of the most significant figures in the history of Russian poetry of the 20th century. Behind the external rudeness of Mayakovsky’s lyrical hero hides a vulnerable and tender heart. This is evidenced by Mayakovsky's poems about the deeply personal. They amaze with the passionate power of the feelings expressed in them:

Except your love

I don’t have the sun... (to Lilichka)

I'm standing

Entwined with fire

On an unburnt fire

Unthinkable love...(Human)

Maria Alexandrovna Denisova was born on October 21, 1894 in Kharkov. She spent her childhood years here. After graduating from the 7th grade of the gymnasium, she studied drawing and sculpture.

Maria's first meeting with Mayakovsky took place at the end of December 1913 at the Moscow vernissage of the World of Art society of artists. The poet did not identify himself to the girl, jokingly suggesting that she call himself “someone in black.” But by the will of fate, after 3 weeks they met in Odessa, which Mayakovsky visited during a trip around the country. That's certain. What cemented the chain of relations between Mayakovsky and Maria Denisova was N.G. Chernyshevsky’s novel “What to do?” The second edition of the novel was given to Maria in 1911, apparently based on the girl’s intellectual needs. The first lines of Vera Pavlovna’s monologue sound like a description of Maria herself: “You call me a dreamer, you ask what I want from life? I don’t want to rule or obey, I don’t want to deceive or pretend, I don’t want to look at the opinions of others... I’m not used to wealth, I don’t need it myself... I want to be independent and live according to - to my own... I don’t want to restrict anyone’s freedom and I want to be free myself.” The novel was accepted by Maria as a signal to action: she leaves the gymnasium, goes to study at a private studio, deciding to become a sculptor. According to the memoirs of L. Brik, Mayakovsky was also influenced by Chernyshevsky’s novel, to which he repeatedly turned, as if consulting with the author about his personal affairs.

At one of the Filippovs’ dinners, there was a conversation about Jack London’s heroes. Unexpectedly into a conversation
Maria entered, saying: “Where there is money, there is no love, there is no true feeling.” Mayakovsky accepted
It's ecstatic. Later, in the poem “Cloud in Pants,” he writes:
Remember?Love, passion" -

You said: but I saw one thing:

"Jack London, you are Gioconda,

Money that needs to be stolen!

Mayakovsky saw in Maria a living Gioconda, as the embodiment of perfect beauty and femininity. According to Kamensky, the poet, excited about his dates with her, “flew into the hotel like a sea wind and enthusiastically repeated: “This is a girl!”

But Mayakovsky failed to “steal” his Gioconda Maria. The young girl did not dare to accompany Mayakovsky on a trip around the country. They broke up. The bitterness of unrequited love splashed out with all passion into the lines of the poem “A Cloud in Pants” (1915):

Gentle!

You put love on violins.

Love lays rough on the timpani.

But you can’t turn yourself out like me,

So that there are only continuous lips! The beloved rejects the hero for the sake of bourgeois well-being:

You know - I'm getting married. She doesn’t need love of such enormous power! She is cold and ironic. And the hero turns into an awakened volcano: Mom!

Your son is beautifully sick! Mother!

His heart is on fire.
Tell sisters Lyuda and Olya, -
He has nowhere to go.
The poem shows the transformation of the community-love into the community-hate in everything and everyone. Disappointed in
love, the hero emits 4 cries of “down with”:
Down with your love!
Down with your art!
Down with your system!
Down with your religion!
Suffering from unrequited love turns into hatred of that world and that system where everything
is bought and sold. But the heroine of the poem should not be confused with the real Maria Denisova, whose path
was committed to revolution. And Maria Alexandrovna married for love. The heroine of the poem is an image
collective. Although at the very beginning of work on the poem, Mayakovsky wrote specifically about Denisova.
Maria Alexandrovna was one of the first sculptors to create a portrait of Mayakovsky from life.
The portrait was in the Museum of Fine Arts, but its fate is unknown, like the fate of the second
a sculptural portrait of the poet made after Mayakovsky’s death.
M.A. Denisova-Schadenko passed away when she turned 50 years old.
For Mayakovsky, the name of Maria was sacred as a symbol of his first love:
Maria! some

Your name is in the torment of the nights

I'm afraid to forget born word,

Like a poet of greatness

Afraid to forget equal to God.4. student message. LILYA BRIC

Love! Only in my fevered brain was you! Stop the stupid comedy! Look - I, the Greatest Don Quixote, am tearing off the toy armor!

Lilya Yuryevna Brik was born on October 30, 1891 in Moscow. While studying at the gymnasium, she met her future husband, lawyer Osip Brik, who later became a writer and screenwriter. In 1912, L. Brik married him. In 1915, Mayakovsky met Lilya Brik, who took a central place in his life. From their relationship, the futurist poet and his beloved sought to build a model of a new family, free from jealousy, prejudice, and traditional principles of relations between women and men in “bourgeois” society.

What-what, but love beautiful ladies Vladimir Vladimirovich was not deprived. But, in essence, there was only one woman in his life. All of Mayakovsky’s women not only knew about the existence of Lily Brik, their indispensable duty was to listen to his admiring stories about her. Mayakovsky's love for his Lilichka was, indeed, everything in his life; You can understand it and truly feel it by reading their letters to each other. The lover Mayakovsky had many names for Lily: Kisa, Chanterelle, Lichika, Detik. The poet also signed himself in different ways: Your Puppy, Puppy, All Me. Sometimes the words were replaced by childishly drawn little puppies.

5. Teacher's word:

The relationship between Mayakovsky and Brik was very difficult. Many stages of their development are reflected in the poet’s works. The poems “Cloud in Pants” and “Spine Flute” are dedicated to the poet’s personal experiences, caused by feelings for L. Brik, social relationships determine the mental state of the lyrical hero, who is experiencing the loss of his beloved, the reason for this is the ruthless world of money, things, where a woman is an object of purchase. sales. Before the power of money, the poet’s word is nothing; his tender, devoted love is ridiculous. In the poem "Spine Flute", perhaps with greatest strength a feature of Mayakovsky’s talent emerged, which L.I. Timofeev said well: “Mayakovsky strives to portray a person at the limit of his emotional intensity, at the limit of suffering, indignation, protest, readiness for the most desperate struggle with the entire surrounding system.” (Poetics of Mayakovsky, M, p. 86), at the limit of anger and disgust towards those who are the embodiment of this system.

How he split in two with a cry,

I shouted to him: “Okay!

I'll leave!

Yours will remain.

Our rags for her,

Timid wings in silk would become fat.

Look, it wouldn't float away.

A stone around my neck

Hang pearl necklaces on your wife!”("Spine Flute")

6. student message (continued)

Romance, warmth, light, passion - everything was in this love. And there was also pain - piercing and killing every time. The triangle (Mayakovsky - Lilya Brik - Osip Brik) was the most difficult life test for the poet, a labyrinth in which he was hopelessly looking for a way out.7. Analysis of the poem “Lilychka” (1916)
(published in 1934 with the title “Lilichka”)

What does this poem represent? Pay attention to the subtitle.

(the hero’s address to his beloved, a passionate monologue written in the form of a letter. The situation depicted in the poem looks prosaic on the surface. The hero is passionately in love, but his beloved is far from ambivalent about him and, apparently, can leave him at any moment.

What is the name of the technique on which the poem is based?
(technique of antithesis, characteristic of Mayakovsky’s work)
-What does the poet oppose to his love?

(the love of a beloved, which hangs on her like a heavy weight. The images of a bull, an elephant are a symbol of strength, power, independence; in this way they correlate with the image of the lyrical hero.)

Find lines that convey the hero's internal state.
Wild,Let me cry out in my last cry
I'll go crazythe bitterness of offended complaints.
Desperately cut...

I am not the only one who is not happy about the ringing,...burned out a blossoming soul with love...

Except for the ringing of your favorite name.

And I won’t throw myself into the air, give me at least

And I won't drink poison cover with the last tenderness

And I won’t be able to pull the trigger above my temple.Your leaving step.

Above me

Except for your gaze, the blade of no knife has power.

What is the hero's love likened to?

(the sea, the sun - grandiose natural forces. This likening reveals the romantic character of the hero. However, in the poem one can feel a certain polemic with romanticism. In particular, with the poem by M. Lermontov “I will not humiliate myself before you” (Who knows, maybe those moments, / That flowed at your feet, / I took away from inspiration! / And what did you replace them with?)

What place does Mayakovsky give to love in his life?

(For a poet, only happy love is possible. The very existence of unhappy love for him is evidence of the imperfection of the world. The spiritual aspect of love for the poet is presented in undivided unity with the physical. The very idea of platonic love is absent from Mayakovsky.)

8. student message (continued)

In the spring of 1918 it happened most important event in the life of a poet. L. Brik announced to her husband her love for Mayakovsky. From that time on, Briki and Mayakovsky decided to always live together and not separate under any circumstances. The years from 1918 to 1923 were a happy time in his relationship with L. Brik, mutual love gave Mayakovsky enormous creative energy. Declaring in the 1920s that “now is not the time for love affairs,” the poet nevertheless remains faithful to the theme, trying to introduce a different meaning dictated by the new reality. In a letter to L. Brik, the poet wrote: “Does love exhaust everything for me? Everything, but only differently.” for a poet, talking about love means talking about life, about the most significant thing in one’s own destiny. For, he is convinced, this feeling must be on par with the era. Happiness in love is inseparable from the renewal of human relationships. The poet was not satisfied with the ease in solving this issue. In this case, too, he was guided by the demands placed on himself and on those around him, that “love” cannot be established by any “shoulds” and no “impossibles.” “Love is the heart of everything,” the poet once wrote to his beloved Lila. And, indeed, these words never left the poet and were his commandments. “We never took off the signet rings that were given to each other back in St. Petersburg times, instead of wedding rings,” Brik herself recalled. “On mine, Volodya engraved the letters L.Y.B. if you read them in a circle, it turned out endlessly - love love love”9 teacher’s word

In 1922, the poem “I Love” appeared, which was written during L. Brik’s stay in Rome. This poem is the brightest and most cheerful. There are no gloomy moods in it.

Came- took it
Businesslike,took my heart
Behind the roarand just
Behind the growthwent to play-
Having looked,like a girl with a ball.
I just saw a boy.

In the poem, Mayakovsky explained what love is for a person on whom “anatomy has gone crazy.

A solid heart, buzzing everywhere.”

10 student message (continued)

The influence of L. Brik was so comprehensive that after their meeting the poet undertook to devote all his poems only to her. In 1923, the poem “About This” was published, which became a hymn of love for Lilya Brik. The cover of the book was decorated with her original photograph taken by A.M. Rodchenko. Despite Lily Brik’s numerous novels, about which the most monstrous rumors circulated, and Mayakovsky’s own hobbies, they still maintained a relationship and continued to live in the same apartment.

11. teacher's word:

Mayakovsky did not allow himself to analyze the relationship with the woman he loved, even if this relationship was painful, much less reproach her for something. This trait of character and behavior was noted by many. Osip Brik: “Mayakovsky understood love this way: if you love, then you are mine, with me, for me, always, everywhere and under all circumstances. The slightest deviation, the slightest hesitation is already treason. Love must be unchangeable, like a law of nature that knows no exceptions.” He not only demanded this from others, but he himself was like that. 1924 was a turning point in the relationship between Mayakovsky and L. Brik. “I am now free from love and from posters” (“Yubileinoe”). After Mayakovsky returned from America, the nature of the relationship changed. Now they were connected only by friendship.

12.Analysis of the poem “Love” (1926)

What deviations from the ideal of love does the poet observe? What is this connected with?

(the poet considers the cause of all the distortions of the ideal of love to be the same “communization” of the proletariat, the influence of “remnants of the past” on people)

What is the poet’s attitude towards everyday life, towards family?

(the poet sees the institution of marriage as outdated, and he contrasts the union of two with the utopian ideal of the comradely unity of a man and a woman in the society of the future)

13.student message (continued)

And yet one day the limit of this bitter and at the same time sweet relationship came. On April 14, 1930, the cheerful, deep, subtle poet passed away. As Lilya Yuryevna said in her memoirs, she dreamed of Mayakovsky for many years. Sometimes he cried, asked for forgiveness and always did not want to leave. I didn't want to leave her dreams. Sometimes he chuckled and assured her that she would also commit suicide. On August 24, 1978, L.Yu. Brik committed suicide by taking a huge dose of sleeping pills. She fell asleep in eternal sleep in the “eternal city” of Rome. Now they dream of each other. According to her will, her ashes were scattered in one of the picturesque corners near Zvenigorod. She left behind memoirs, the publication of which was postponed in accordance with her will. 14. message from a student

TATYANA YAKOVLEVA

The last 2 years of Mayakovsky’s life, the world of his personal experiences and feelings, are associated with the name of T. Yakovleva. A little over a year and a half before meeting Mayakovsky, T. Yakovleva came from Russia to Paris at the call of her uncle, the artist A.E. Yakovlev. 22-year-old, beautiful, tall, long-legged, with expressive eyes and bright shining yellow hair, a swimmer, a tennis player, she, fatally irresistible, attracted the attention of many young and middle-aged people in her circle. The exact day they met is October 25, 1928. Elsa Triolet, a famous writer, Lily Brik’s sister, recalls: “I met Tatyana just before Mayakovsky arrived in Paris and told her: “Yes, you are the same height as Mayakovsky.” So, because of this “under growth”, for a laugh, I introduced Volodya to Tatyana. Mayakovsky fell cruelly in love with her at first sight.”

Viktor Shklovsky in his work “About Mayakovsky” writes: “They told me that they were so similar to each other, they suited each other so well that people in the cafe smiled gratefully when they saw them.” The artist V.I. Shukhaev and his wife V.F. Shukhaeva, who lived in Paris at that time, write about the same thing: “They were a wonderful couple. Mayakovsky is very beautiful, big. Tanya is also a beauty - tall, slender, to match him.” Us

Love

Not paradise and tabernacles, for us

Love

It's buzzing about what's happening again

Hearts are put to work

Cold motor. From the first day of meeting, a new “fire of the heart” arose, and the “lyric tape” of new love lit up. In November 1928, Mayakovsky wrote 2 poems dedicated to Tatyana Alekseevna Yakovleva: “Letter to Comrade Kostrov from Paris about the essence of love” and “Letter to Tatyana Yakovleva.” These were the first love messages(since 1915), dedicated not to Lily Brik. It is interesting to compare two poems inspired by a strong and deep feeling for T. Yakovleva, the first of them is addressed to an official, the editor of Komsomolskaya Pravda, in which the poet who happened to be in Paris collaborated, while the second, not intended for publication, was passed from hand to hand beloved woman.

In the first of these “letters,” the poet reflects not just on love, but on its essence. The feeling of burning power evokes an urgent need to understand oneself, to take a fresh look at the world. In a new way: for Mayakovsky, love is a feeling that rebuilds a person, creating him anew.

15 analysis of the poem “Letter to Comrade. Kostrov...."

What does love mean to a poet? (quotes from the text)
How do you understand the lines “Don’t catch me with rubbish, with a passing pair of feelings...”? (emphasizes his negative attitude towards all kinds of casual relationships, does not allow the identification of love with sensual passion, no matter how strong it may be)
What is the hero's love?

(Simple, human, giving poetic inspiration, which manifests itself in everyday life. “The noise of the square raises, / the carriages are moving, / I walk, / I write poems in my notebook,” /slide 28 show/ - What lines speak about the scale of this feeling?

(Hurricane, fire, water come up in a murmur... He is attracted by both “earthly lights” and “heavenly bodies.” The soul is filled with “a host of visions and ideas.” And from all this poetry is born.

This is the unity of earthly and heavenly. The poet’s heart is ready to accommodate the whole world, his feelings acquire “universal proportions.” This is probably why Mayakovsky uses such exaggerated, capacious words to express them: “From the throat to the stars the word soars like a golden-born comet” or “the tail has spread out to the heavens by a third.”

16. student message Slide 28,29

17 Analysis of the poem “Letter to T Yakovleva”

How do you understand the first lines of the poem? (association by color - the lips of the beloved and the banner)
What causes this, do you think?

(The desire to transform the conversation about the feeling that binds the lovers into a conversation about the happiness of “a hundred million”, and even jealousy here takes on a sublime character: “I’m not myself, but I’m jealous for Soviet Russia.” This speaks of the hero’s despair.)

Find lines that talk about feelings equal to the elements.
Why is the hero in despair?

(beloved remains in Paris)

18 student message

There was no inconsistency of feelings. There was another obstacle - insurmountable. It turned out that it was difficult to persuade T. Yakovlev to leave for Moscow. Mayakovsky could not help but understand that such a change of fate was impossible for her. She imagined what could await her at home. After all, it was with such difficulty that she left there. And you can only take this woman “together with Paris” - and this is impossible for him. Therefore, the happy resolution of the issue is transferred to an uncertain future and is associated with the coming triumph of the revolution on a worldwide scale.

And yet V. Mayakovsky called her with letters and telegrams. For several years, Tatyana Alekseevna received flowers and business cards from Mayakovsky from the store every Sunday. Lilya Brik valued the role of the great poet’s only muse and was not going to part with her under any circumstances. She believed that well-being family life would prevent the poet from writing poetry. T. Yakovleva got married without waiting for Mayakovsky, since she was not given a foreign visa. L. Brik contributed to the failure to issue a visa. T. Yakovleva died in the USA in 1991. Yakovleva's archive at Harvard University, containing Mayakovsky's letters to her, is still closed according to the will. Yakovleva’s letters to Mayakovsky, like other women to him, were destroyed by L. Brik, to whom, according to the poet’s will, the entire poet’s archive passed.

19 teacher's word

The acquaintance with Veronica Vitoldovna Polonskaya took place on May 13, 1928. The relationship with her did not become the saving straw that the poet wanted to grab onto. It turned out to be impossible for a person whose “solid heart is buzzing everywhere” to live in a calm, real world. The threads that tied the poet to life were torn one after another. 2 days before the tragic shot, Mayakovsky wrote: “As they say, “the incident is ruined, the love boat crashed into everyday life. I’m at peace with life and there’s no point in listing mutual pains, troubles and insults.” Happy stay. V. Mayakovsky" 04/12/30

Reading the suicide note, lines from the poem involuntarily emerge that turned out to be prophetic: “Your name will be the last, caked on the lip torn out by the cannonball.” “Lily! Love me” - these are the last lines in the suicide letter.

Finishing our conversation, I would like to recall the lines of Mayakovsky: “Neither quarrels nor

fingers. Thought out, verified, tested. Raising the solemn verse of the foot, I swear, I love

low and true!

Let's summarize everything that has been said. (slideZO)

So, to paraphrase Mayakovsky himself, “ Love lyrics“This is the heart of all his work.” Is not

poetry for poetry's sake! This is the soul! And just as the soul cannot be artificially separated from the body, so

Mayakovsky's lyrics cannot be considered separately from the author. “I am only verse, I am only a soul.”

“In order to hear his mighty voice years later, you must have a living soul, that is, be able to love.

A therefore people capable of love will never be indifferent to this amazing thing,

contradictory, brilliant, dreaming of the impossible, right and wrong, a powerful poet with

defenseless soul. Because love is the heart of everything."

MOSHI "Beloyarsk School - Boarding School of Secondary (Complete) General Education"

Abstract on the topic:

THE THEME OF LOVE IN THE WORK OF V.V. MAYAKOVSKY

student of grade 11 "A"

Head: Evdokimova Alena Aleksandrovna,

teacher of Russian language and literature

With. Beloyarsk, 2008

I. Introduction……………………………………………………………3 p.

II. Main part

2.1 The theme of love in the works of V. V. Mayakovsky………………5 p.

III. Conclusion……………………………………………………....17 p.

IV. References…………………………………………………….. 19 p.

V. Appendix…………………………………………….………20 p.

Introduction

Mayakovsky and love lyrics. I used to think that these two concepts were incompatible; after all, when studying Mayakovsky’s poetry, attention is usually paid to its civil and philosophical aspects. This is quite natural and is determined by the desire to present the author as the main poet of the revolution. Fortunately, in recent years more and more materials have begun to appear that force us to take a fresh look at Mayakovsky’s life and work. Moreover, the more I learn about Mayakovsky as a person, the more interesting his work becomes to me. Mayakovsky’s love lyrics became a real revelation for me.

The purpose of my essay: consider and study the theme of love in the works of V.V. Mayakovsky.

1) Study the biography of the poet.

2) Analyze the love creativity of V.V. Mayakovsky.

Love. The inexhaustibility of this topic is obvious. At all times, judging by the tales and traditions of different peoples that have reached us, it has excited the hearts and minds of people. Love is the most complex, mysterious and paradoxical reality that a person faces. And not because, as is usually believed, there is only one step from love to hate, but because love cannot be “calculated or calculated”! In love, it is impossible to be petty and mediocre - it requires generosity and talent, vigilance of the heart, breadth of soul, a kind, subtle mind and much, much more that nature has endowed us with in abundance, and that we foolishly waste and dull in our vain life. Poets and writers, philosophers and mystics, artists and composers of different eras turned to this eternal theme, trying to use the means of their genre to express the charm, harmony, drama of love, and to comprehend its mystery. The theme of love in the works of great poets is always relevant, because like nothing else it allows you to so deeply feel their inner world and state of mind. Today, humanity has colossal historical and literary material for understanding the phenomenon of love.

Although early Russian literature does not know such beautiful images of love as the literature of Western Europe, at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries the theme of love bursts into Russian literature with volcanic energy. More has been written about love in Russia in a few decades than in several centuries. Moreover, this literature is distinguished by intensive research and originality of thinking. I would like to dwell, unfortunately, on only one of them - Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky.

1. The theme of love in the works of Mayakovsky V.V.

And I won’t throw myself into the air,
And I won't drink poison
And I won’t be able to pull the trigger above my temple.
Above me
Except your look
The blade of no knife has power...

Us
Love is not heaven and tabernacles,
Us
Love
It's buzzing about
What now
Put into operation
Hearts
Cold motor.

You and us
are needed in Moscow,
lacks
long-legged.

Tatyana Yakovleva aroused a great feeling in the poet, he dedicated poems of amazing power to her:

At the very beginning of the poem, in its preface, the offensive power of youth is affirmed:

There is not a single gray hair in my soul, And there is no senile tenderness in it! Having enlarged the world with the power of my voice, I go - a beautiful, twenty-two-year-old.

Youth and love go hand in hand. The theme of love is the main one in the first chapter of the poem. The love drama that sets up the plot is unusual. In the love triangle there is no successful, happy rival whom Maria fell in love with. She doesn’t say at all when explaining whether she loves or doesn’t love, she only says: “You know, I’m getting married.” She is Mona Lisa, “who must be stolen!” She was stolen, bought, seduced by wealth, money, comfort... Any of these assumptions could be true. In the triangle, the third character includes the bourgeois life order, where the relationship between a man and a woman is based on profit, self-interest, buying and selling, but not on love. Here Mayakovsky typifies the phenomenon, moves away from the real fact, since Maria Denisova did not get married then, this happened later. And her marriage was not a marriage of convenience: a different fate, a different character. And in general, the heroine of the poem is a collective image (although at the very beginning of work on the poem, Mayakovsky wrote specifically about Denisova). The name Maria, according to the poet, suits him more than any other; it seems to him the most feminine.

I hear: quietly, like a sick person, a nerve jumped out of bed. Or: Mother! Your son is very sick! Mom! His heart is on fire. Or: I’ll roll out my watery eyes with barrels, let me lean on my ribs. And etc.

Will there be love or not? Will it be big or tiny? Again, in love, I will go out to play, Illuminating the arch of my eyebrows with fire.

On this topic, both personal and petty,
covered more than once or five times,
I circled like a poetic squirrel
and I want to spin again.

Loving is like sheets, torn insomnia,
to break down, jealous of Copernicus,
him, and not Marya Ivanna’s husband,
considering him his rival.

In the system of images of the poem “About This” the main place is occupied by the lyrical hero, his relationships and connections with other images. The tension of the conflict is that the hero is surrounded by rudeness, violence, and dirty words. His aspirations are incomprehensible to those closest to him. Everyone around him “replaces love with tea and darning socks.” This forces the hero to step over even his family. And here is the last hope. Through the hated world of philistinism, the poet makes his way to his beloved.

Now only you could save.
Get up! Let's run to the bridge! –
Bull at the slaughterhouse under attack
He bent my head.
I'll pull myself together and go there.
Just a second and I’ll step.

Even 70 years after that revolution, we still feel the relevance of the problems raised by Mayakovsky in this poem, literally in everything, from the theme of love and life to the restructuring of consciousness, the restructuring of thinking. In this regard, we can say that Mayakovsky’s poem “About This” is modern in content and for it, in connection with the same fundamental changes in society, a new life begins. Because we, as then, need to fight for the future, to “drag” the future into the present. This is exactly what Mayakovsky is talking about when addressing a chemist of the 20th century in his poem. And remnants of the past last most strongly and longest in everyday life. In some ways we have gone far ahead of what is described in the poem, but in others we have not yet taken a step.
The poem in the conditions of Soviet Russia in the 20-30s of the twentieth century was developed by other poets, among whom were Yesenin, Pasternak, Akhmatova, Tsvetaeva. Despite all the differences between them, they have something unifying, conditioned by the time of revolutionary changes in society. However, with all this, when comparing, for example, Mayakovsky’s poems “About This” and Yesenin’s “Black Man,” it turns out that Mayakovsky’s poem is much larger in socio-historical and philosophical terms. The poet was far ahead of his time, having caught and reflected in the poem barely noticeable shoots of the future, which largely determined the misunderstanding and rejection of the poem “About This” by his contemporaries. When compared with Tsvetaeva and Pasternak, the same thing appears: “where Tsvetaeva puts an end to and ends the heroine’s life, and Pasternak absorbs, absorbs life with all its properties of today’s history, Mayakovsky goes further, courageously explores reality in all its contradictions and strives into the distant future. Perspective is important to him,” writes A.N. Lurie. Therefore, Mayakovsky’s poetic thought turns out to be more effective, since it comes from a concrete historical assessment of reality. He states this:

From the heights of poetry I throw myself into communism,
For I have no love without him.

12.4.30.

Conclusion

To summarize, I would like to say that Russian literature of the 19th and 20th centuries constantly turned to the theme of love, trying to understand its philosophical and moral meaning.

Using the example of Mayakovsky’s works discussed in the essay, I tried to reveal the theme of love in literature and philosophy.

The goal of my essay has been achieved. Having studied the biography and love lyrics of V.V. Mayakovsky, we came to the conclusion that love is a constant lyrical theme of poetry. But due to the specific style and hyperbolism of V. Mayakovsky, it acquires an unconventional shade. It seems that the poet speaks clearly, understands, feels like everyone else, but expresses it in some other words, somehow differently. Usually poets use nature to describe and emphasize feelings. Mayakovsky has no landscape, no nature in his works. This makes even tender feelings somehow rough, but no less strong. Behind the hyperbolic, futuristic images and reflections hides an ordinary romantic with a vulnerable soul.

No matter how you look at his work, it colored an entire historical era. Mayakovsky's poems will be studied in the new millennium, which he dreamed of in his works.

Literature

1. Big school encyclopedia. 6-11 grades – T. 1. – M., 1999.
2. Goncharov B.P. Poetics of Mayakovsky. - M., 1983.
3. Korenevskaya E. The love boat crashed into everyday life: Lilya Brik is the only muse. The big heart of a poet. Two deaths. // Website: Arguments and Facts.
4. Lurie A.N. Lyrical hero in Mayakovsky's poems. Lecture. - L., 1972.
5. Mashbits-Verov I. Poems of Mayakovsky. - M., 1963.
6. Mayakovsky V.V. Poems. – L., 1973.
7. Metchenko A. Mayakovsky’s creativity. 1917-1924 - M., 1954.
8. Nyanin A. Genre originality of V.V. Mayakovsky’s poem “ABOUT THIS” // Ural State University. A.M. Gorky, Faculty of Philology, Department of Literature // Website: Press Center "Golden Gates of the Urals". 2001.
9. Pertsov V. Mayakovsky: life and creativity. v.2. (1918-1924). - M., 1976.
10. Petrosov K.G. Works of V.V. Mayakovsky. - M. 1985.
11. Russian writers of the twentieth century: Bibliographic dictionary. - T1. - M., 1999.
12. Subbotin A. Horizons of poetry. - Sverdlovsk, 1984.
13. Timofeev L. Poetics of Mayakovsky. - M., 1941.
14. Encyclopedia for children. – T. 9: Russian literature. – Part 2: XX century. – M., 1999.

MOSHI "Beloyarsk School - Boarding School of Secondary (Complete) General Education"

Abstract on the topic:

THE THEME OF LOVE IN THE WORK OF V.V. MAYAKOVSKY

student of grade 11 "A"

Head: Evdokimova Alena Aleksandrovna,

teacher of Russian language and literature

With. Beloyarsk, 2008

I. Introduction……………………………………………………………3 p.

II. Main part

2.1 The theme of love in the works of V. V. Mayakovsky………………5 p.

III. Conclusion……………………………………………………....17 p.

IV. References…………………………………………………….. 19 p.

V. Appendix…………………………………………….………20 p.

Introduction

Mayakovsky and love lyrics. I used to think that these two concepts were incompatible; after all, when studying Mayakovsky’s poetry, attention is usually paid to its civil and philosophical aspects. This is quite natural and is determined by the desire to present the author as the main poet of the revolution. Fortunately, in recent years more and more materials have begun to appear that force us to take a fresh look at Mayakovsky’s life and work. Moreover, the more I learn about Mayakovsky as a person, the more interesting his work becomes to me. Mayakovsky’s love lyrics became a real revelation for me.

The purpose of my essay: consider and study the theme of love in the works of V.V. Mayakovsky.

Tasks:

1) Study the biography of the poet.

2) Analyze the love creativity of V.V. Mayakovsky.

Love. The inexhaustibility of this topic is obvious. At all times, judging by the tales and traditions of different peoples that have reached us, it has excited the hearts and minds of people. Love is the most complex, mysterious and paradoxical reality that a person faces. And not because, as is usually believed, there is only one step from love to hate, but because love cannot be “calculated or calculated”! In love, it is impossible to be petty and mediocre - it requires generosity and talent, vigilance of the heart, breadth of soul, a kind, subtle mind and much, much more that nature has endowed us with in abundance, and that we foolishly waste and dull in our vain life. Poets and writers, philosophers and mystics, artists and composers of different eras turned to this eternal theme, trying to use the means of their genre to express the charm, harmony, drama of love, and to comprehend its mystery. The theme of love in the works of great poets is always relevant, because like nothing else it allows you to so deeply feel their inner world and state of mind. Today, humanity has colossal historical and literary material for understanding the phenomenon of love.

1. The theme of love in the works of Mayakovsky V.V.

And I won’t throw myself into the air,
And I won't drink poison
And I won’t be able to pull the trigger above my temple.
Above me
Except your look
The blade of no knife has power...

Us
Love is not heaven and tabernacles,
Us
Love
It's buzzing about
What now
Put into operation
Hearts
Cold motor.

You and us
are needed in Moscow,
lacks
long-legged.

Tatyana Yakovleva aroused a great feeling in the poet, he dedicated poems of amazing power to her: