Simple ways to teach your child to count. Practice counting within five. outline of a lesson in mathematics (middle group) on the topic Lesson outline on the topic counting to 5

When a baby grows out of diapers and begins to run, talk and be interested in everything, loving parents think about how to teach their child to count. These skills are very useful little man, and the sooner he masters them, the better it will be.
Next, we’ll talk about how to introduce your baby to numbers and numbers up to 100.

When should you teach your child to count?

No one can name the exact dates, but it has been scientifically proven that at 2-3 years a child has the strongest need for new knowledge and obtaining information. Now the baby is ready to learn everything, he absorbs knowledge like a sponge, reaches out to the unknown and generally provides an ideal soil for cultivating certain abilities.

That is why it is better to start introducing numbers to your child between the ages of two and three. However, you can do this earlier. Already at the age of one, children are able to understand that one and two are different things, although they are not yet able to fully understand the quantitative states of objects.

How to teach counting to 10?

Counting to 10 is the main task that a parent of a small child needs to set. But it can be difficult for a baby to master 10 numbers at once, so first teach your baby to count to 5.

To do this, you can resort to the following methods, which are easy to implement at home.

• There are five fingers on the hand - starting from this, introduce the little one to the “names” of the numbers.
• Show cards with objects depicted on them (from one to five) - remember, it is better not to show the image of the numbers themselves to the baby for now.
• Educational cartoons and programs - they can be found on the Internet.
• Abacus and other educational toys.
• Poems and nursery rhymes.
• Account in Everyday life.

It’s very good if you introduce your baby to household chores while teaching him to count. For example, you can instruct your little one to wash five cups. At the same time, ask your child to count: one cup, two cups. Or before going to the store, ask your child to remember five items from the grocery list. Your child should remind you of what you need to buy. At the same time, you can bend your fingers so as not to lose count. This will allow both to teach the child to count in his head and to take care of the development of his memory.

Exercises with cards will be useful. Such manuals are sold in all bookstores and online stores for children. First, show the cards sequentially, then alternate - let the child answer how many objects are shown on the card (remember that we are not teaching writing numbers yet!)

But try not to bore your child with your “math.” Do everything unobtrusively and easily, in game form so that the child does not feel like a student in a school class ahead of time.

This activity is similar to when you want to teach a child to read syllables and gradually introduce him to letters and sounds. Take your time and make sure your child has thoroughly mastered the information before moving on to the next stage of learning.

How to teach a child to write numbers?

After the first 10 numbers have been learned, you can show your child how to write them. It’s better not to overload your baby’s memory and study one written number a day.

Dedicate your whole day to digital:

• write it on a piece of paper and hang it in a visible place;
• Together with your child, fashion a number out of plasticine;
• watch a program that talks about this figure;
• Give examples using a calendar. For example, “On the 2nd we will go to grandma.”

Such a simple and everyday object as a watch will help your child write numbers. The child has probably seen it many times, so the numbers on the dial will not be new to him.

How to teach counting to 20?

The next stage of a child's mathematical education at home will be counting to 20. You should start classes only when the baby has already mastered the numbers from 1 to 9 and the number 10 well.

1. Explain that each subsequent number (beyond 10) will consist of two digits. In other words, each number is divided into tens and ones. The first digit is tens, the second is units.
2. Use two boxes. Place ten objects (balls, cubes, etc.) in one and one (2, 3, 4) in the other; this visual example will help the baby understand what’s what.
3. Say that all the numbers in the ones position come one after another, that is, after 11 comes 12, then 13, 14, etc.
4. When your child understands the essence of counting to 20, you can give him a small task. For example, ask your child to put 16 sweets (candies, balls) into an empty box. In this case, the baby must count out loud.

How to teach counting to 100?

By the age of 4-5, when the baby is already counting from 1 to 20, you can introduce him to numbers up to 100. This requires some patience and time; learning to count is a rather long and labor-intensive process.

1. First of all, tell us that there are 9 tens in the number series up to 100. Name the numbers - 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90. But make a reservation that between these numbers there are still units, that is, these the numbers don't go one after another.
2. After this short overview lesson, encourage your child to learn 10 new numbers per day. Start with the third ten (21, 22, 23...). Before going to bed, ask your baby to tell you what he has learned. At the same time, you can repeat the material covered by counting any objects.
3. When your child has learned several dozen numbers, play a game with him: show him a number line with a missing number in the middle. The kid must find and insert the lost element.
4. Praise your child for correct answers and rejoice at his success. Motivate your child to learn.

How to teach addition and subtraction?

Basic operations such as addition and subtraction will be useful to your child even before school. The ability to count objects in everyday life will give the baby self-confidence and also give impetus to the development of intelligence. But where to start?

First of all, remember - no math lessons! Just a game and an interesting pastime.

1. Prepare visual materials: apples, candies, cubes - something that will be interesting for your baby to operate with.
2. First, parse a prime number (for example, 3). You can get a total of 3 by adding two candies and one. Ask your child to show how much he understands the explanation.
3. Continue adding until your child understands what's what, and only then move on to subtraction.

MB preschool educational institution No. 9

Abstract directly organized educational activities with middle school children

Subject: "Counting to 5"

Prepared by:

Teacher Kazakova Daria Vitalievna

Novokuznetsk, 2016

Lesson notes on FEMP in the middle group.

Goals: to form children’s knowledge about geometric shapes, to consolidate knowledge in counting to 5.

Tasks:

Strengthen the ability to compare numbers and numbers(quantity) ;

Work offcount within 5 ;

Develop the ability to find known geometric figures;

Develop memory, thinking, speech;

Foster activity and independence.

Develop logical thinking.

Equipment:

1. Handouts: geometric shapes, counting sticks.

2. Visual material: geometric shapes, pictures of numbers from 1 to 5, pictures of geometric shapes, doll.
Progress of the lesson

Educator:

The palm has five children,

Five cheerful naughty girls.

They grab everything in a row

They only rest at night.

Guess what their names are?

Count the kids.

Fingers are easy to recognize -

There are exactly five of them on the hand.

Educator: Guys, today we will consolidate our knowledge in counting to 5. And we will repeat with you the name of geometric figures.

2. Main part.

Educator: Look at the board, everyone. (Pictures depicting numbers from 1 to 5)

(Children count out loud together with the teacher. Repeat 3 times)

Oh, be quiet, it seems that someone has come to us. (I take out a toy: a doll)

Educator: the doll Dasha came to visit us, let's say hello to her. Dasha told me that today, on the way to school, she confused the numbers and now cannot put them in order. Let's help her?

(I choose a willing child who puts the numbers in order on the board)

Educator: Well done Dima, he helped Dasha, but that’s not all. Today Dasha will be present at our lesson and see which of the guys is the most diligent and smart.

Educator: let's have a little rest.

Physical education minute;

There are five girlfriends in the swamp.

Five green frogs

In the morning we washed ourselves early.

The towels were rubbed.

They stomped their feet.

Hands were clapping.

Leaned to the right, to the left

And they returned back.

That's the secret of health.

Hello to all physical education friends!

Educator: you rested a little, now take geometric shapes and count how many of them are on your table.

Children count the figures. (Children's answers)

Educator: correctly, there are only 5 of them. And what figures are present in our lesson? (Children's answers)

Educator: Now guys, the task is more difficult. I will give you counting sticks, and you will try to make the geometric shapes that I gave you out of them. But Dasha gives you a hint that you will not be able to make all the figures from sticks.

(Children make geometric shapes from counting sticks, the teacher corrects mistakes, helps each child do the work).

Educator: what a great fellow you are, you got different geometric shapes, but some shape is missing and you couldn’t make it using counting sticks, what do you think? (Children's answers)

Educator: That’s right, we didn’t get two figures - a circle and an oval. After all, it is impossible to build these figures from counting sticks.

(I show a picture of 5 geometric shapes).

Educator: guys, let's repeat the names of the shapes: square, circle, triangle, rectangle, oval. (I repeat with the children).

Educator: Dasha really liked the way you all answered today, you are such smart and talented kids! She won’t leave now, but will stay with you in the group and each of you will be able to play with her.

Educator: guys, let's remember what we did in class today? (Children's answers).

Educator: You were all great today, the lesson is over.

Literature:

1. Pomoraeva, Pozina: Classes on the formation of elementary mathematical concepts in the middle group kindergarten

2. Matlina L.S. Mathematics classes in kindergarten: (Formation of elementary mathematical concepts in preschoolers). A manual for kindergarten teachers. garden.2nd ed., add.-M.: Education, 1985.-223p.

Natalia Melkova

I present to your attention options for didactic games aimed at developing mathematical concepts, learning to count to 5 and getting to know numbers, using sensory elements to develop fine motor skills (clothespins, Velcro parts, magnets, homemade puzzles.

The proposed game options are intended for children 3-5 years old.

Target:

1. Introducing children to numbers from 1 to 5, consolidating numbers and number series within 5.

2. Consolidation of reverse and ordinal counting, correlation of number and quantity.

3. Development of attention, memory, visual-figurative and logical thinking, the ability to analyze, compare, classify through training in counting operations and didactic games. Correction and development of long-term memory.

4. Formation of sensory abilities and tactile sensations in children.

5. Development of ideas about color, shape, size and properties of objects through bright visual images and play activities.

Material:

All types of games are inextricably linked with fine motor skills, finger dexterity and hand-eye coordination. All play elements are sewn from felt of different hardness and other materials, thanks to which children’s sensory experience is enriched. Two types of clothespins are used as additional sensory elements: wooden – 4 cm and plastic – 6 cm, neodymium magnets, and Velcro. Velcro fabric (cans and chicken belly) was used as a base for Velcro (for a strong, tenacious fastening).

GAME OPTIONS:

#1. PUZZLE "LADYBUGS".

Puzzles are an excellent educational toy. They have a great influence on the development of logical and spatial thinking, attention, memory. By putting together a picture, the child develops fine motor skills and begins to better coordinate his movements. By developing such skills, the child will be able to easily master writing and speech in the future.

Let's count the dots on the backs of ladybugs and connect them with the desired number.

#2. TEACHING FELT CARDS "PALM"- introduction to counting to five on fingers.

Fingers help the child count for a long time. To the question: “How old are you?” kids use their fingers to show their age (one, two, three). It turns out that this is not only a pointing gesture for communication, but also a useful exercise for fine motor skills, and a mathematical sign indicating quantity, and an excellent exercise for developing coordination, finger strength, etc.

When a child begins to learn to count, without yet realizing what a number is, a successful methodological technique can be the method of correlating counting objects with fingers. It is very important at the very beginning of getting acquainted with numbers to realize that one is one object, two is two objects at the same time, etc. And with the help of your fingers this is easy to do. Moreover, awareness of this fact when using fingers goes through several channels of perception at once: visual (we see, auditory (we hear, we pronounce), tactile (we feel, kinesthetic (we move).

We invite the child to place his fingers on the card and name the number, thereby correlating the number and quantity.

Very useful trick for the development of fine motor skills - the use of different-sized clothespins, which contributes to the development of coordination and strength of the fingers.

Small wooden clothespins with numbers...

Larger (and therefore more convenient) plastic clothespins...

At the same time, introduce children to numbers, focusing on visual memory.

#3. "HELPING GRANDMOTHER CANNING BERRIES, FRUIT, VEGETABLES AND MUSHROOMS."

We invite children to put a certain amount of juicy berries and fruits into jars...

Canning jars are made of velcro fabric, so berries and fruits (and other vegetables and mushrooms) with Velcro on the back side stick perfectly to them. Thus, jars of berries and fruits can be freely moved during the educational game, carried and stored.

And now the same thing with vegetables...

As an option, arrange the apples by color. The color of the apple should match the color of the lid on the jar.

Now let’s count how many apples and pears are in each jar.

Now let's count the mushrooms.

4. "Fireflies".

The sun hid. Dark.

It's long past midnight

There is a bright beacon in the grass -

The firefly hid.

Answer together, children:

Who shines in the grass for us at night?

Fits in your fist

This little firefly.

5. "CHICK - CHICK - CHICKEN MY CHICKENS."

The chicken went out for a walk,

One two three four five,

We go for a walk together.

The mother chicken is made of hard felt, and her belly is made of velcro fabric, which makes it easy to attach eggs and chicks to her (which have Velcro on the back).

The chicken's wings fold and are held in place by neodymium magnets hidden under the felt flowers. All this, in turn, is an additional exercise machine for children's fingers.

How many chicks have hatched and how many have not yet...

How many chicks did mom hide under her wings?

Goal: Formation of lexical skills on the topic “Counting to 5”

Tasks:

Enter a count up to 5 on German"eins", "zwei", "drei", "vier", "fünf"

Improve listening and pronunciation skills

– cultivate a respectful attitude towards the country of the language being studied

Develop memory, attention, thinking

Equipment: Illustrations (map and flag of Germany to decorate the board, “tongue” numbers from 1 to 5), Masha doll, handouts (numbers), picture with the number of items.

Progress of the lesson

1. Start of class.

– Guten Tag, Kinder! Ich heisse Olga…Hello guys. My name is Olga Sergeevna.

- Let's guys remember how people in Germany greet each other. Right! They say Hallo and Guten Tag!

Ball game "Wie heisst du"

Guys, let me remember you well. To do this, let's play a game with you. I will throw the ball to you and ask you what your name is in German, and you answer me in German too.

Wie heisst du?

Ich heisse...

Well done boys!

2. A tale about a tongue.

– How the tongue drank tea with friends.

Little Tongue had not seen his old friends for a long time, and then one day he invited them to a tea party. Tongue took a deep plate (open your mouth wide and hold for a count of 5) and began to knead the dough (squeeze your tongue between your teeth back and forth). When the dough was ready, Tongue put it on the window (open your mouth wide and hold for a count of 5). Soon the dough began to rise and puff (take in air through your nose and smoothly push it out through your lips, you will hear a dull sound (p)). He put the dough tongue on the table and began to make pies (stick out a wide tongue, raise the edges of the tongue and hold it between your lips, you get a rolled tube Place raspberry jam inside each pie tongue (lick your lips from left to right and right to left) and put them in the oven (open your mouth wide and hold for a count of 5).

Then Tongue took out 5 beautiful cups (open your mouth, lift your tongue up and bend the side edges to make a cup), poured water into the kettle (smile and say “sss”) and put it on the fire. The water boiled quickly (smile and say: “sh-sh-sh”). Soon the pies also began to brown (stick out your wide tongue, lift the edges of the tongue and hold it between your lips, you get a rolled-up tube).

Suddenly someone knocked on the door (pronounce: “t-t-t”). These are the guests: Mishutka (puff out your cheeks and keep counting to 5), fox-fluffy tail (put a wide tongue on your lower lip and bend the tip up 5 times). Jumping squirrel (smile and say: “tsk-tsk.” He sat the tongue of the guests at the table and began to treat them to hot tea and pies (open your mouth, raise your tongue up and bend the side edges, “Cup”; then stick out your wide tongue, raise edges of the tongue and hold between the lips, you get a rolled “tube”).

Guys, have you stretched your tongues? Well done! (don’t forget to praise the children!!!)

Guys, our guest is the doll Masha, let's say hello to her.

–Guten Tag, Mascha!

Masha told me that today, on the way to school, she mixed up the numbers in the envelope and now cannot put them in order. Let's help her? (one child goes out, the rest help and at the same time they must count to three in German).

Guys, have you noticed that you and I can only count to 3 in German.

– What numbers do you and I still not know?

Now let’s learn to count in German together with Masha, let’s try to count to 5 in German (showing numbers).

Repeat 3 times. Do you remember?

Children, you are probably tired and want to relax a little with Masha.

Physical education lesson (counting in German)

One two three four five,

Let's start relaxing! (stretch)

The back was cheerfully straightened,

Hands up!

One and two, sit down and stand up,

To rest again.

Bend forward once and twice,

Bend back once and twice. (rhyme movements)

So we have become stronger, (show “strength”)

Healthier and more fun! (smile at each other)

Game with numbers.

Game “Which number is hidden?” The presenter invites the children to close their eyes, hides one of the offered cards with a number, invites the children to open their eyes and name which card with a number is missing.

Children, we had fun and played. Masha must leave soon, but she wants to check how you remember the numbers. (conducted by Masha).

Masha wants to play the game “Pick the right card” with you

On the table, cards with different numbers of objects (3-5), 3.4 for each number, lie face down. Masha places 3 numerical figures on the board and turns to the children: I have cards on my table. The children whom I call must take one at a time and count the number of objects drawn, then find a card on the board with the image of the same number of circles and place their own under it.

Children, help Masha choose the right card and let’s count in German.

Let's say goodbye to Masha (Masha says goodbye to the children, thanks them)

3. Final part.

That's the end of our lesson today.

What new did you learn today? What did you like? Because you are obedient and smart guys, I give you these tokens.

Goodbye guys!

Target:Train in ordinal counting up to 5. Be able to distinguish and name geometric shapes.

Integration educational areas: “Cognition” (FEMP,) “Artistic creativity” (Drawing), “Music”, “ Physical Culture", "Communication", "Socialization".

Equipment and materials: A soft toy (any), 5 pieces of furniture (any), cards depicting five stools with animals sitting on them, a wonderful bag with geometric shapes, a tambourine (or music, 5 hoops, cards with quantitative berries (or numbers), an envelope with paper geometric shapes (circle, triangle, square, rectangle, oval), magnetic board, ½ album sheet, paints, brushes, cups of water for each child.

Progress of the lesson :

1. Tiger Cub (any soft toy) arrives with a box of furniture. Greeting speech. He needs help counting. The teacher places 5 pieces of furniture and asks questions:

Sofa, how much does it cost? First.

It's big, how much does the chair cost? Second.

How much does the chair cost? Third.

And what about the small chair? Fourth.

Table, how much does it cost? Fifth.

Children repeat the ordinal count in chorus and individually: first, second, third, fourth, fifth.

Educator: - Well done guys, they answered the questions correctly and completed the task. Tiger Cub says thank you for your help.

2 . Educator: Guys, you have cards on your table, please look.

Count how many stools are drawn? - 5.

Who is sitting on these stools? - animals.

Almir, look who is sitting on the first stool?

Misha, who is sitting on the fourth stool?

Alexia, who is sitting on the third stool?

Artem, who is sitting on the second stool?

Vika, who is sitting on the fifth stool?

Educator: The tiger cub says thank you, they recognized all my friends.

3 . Educator: The tiger cub also brought a wonderful bag for you, there are geometric shapes in there, but he doesn’t know what they are called. Now guys, we're going to play a little.

Game "Wonderful bag".

The bag contains different geometric shapes. Children take turns putting their hand into the bag, identifying the figure by touch, naming it and taking it out. The rest of the children check whether the figure is named correctly.

Educator: - Well done guys, they helped the tiger cub figure out geometric shapes, now he will know what they are called correctly.

4. Physical exercise.

Children perform jumps to the sound of a tambourine and count how many times they jumped (up to 5 jumps). The game is repeated 3-4 times.

5. Game with numbers.

The children have cards with quantitative berries in their hands, there are 5 hoops on the floor, and cards with numbers in the hoops. Children run, jump to the sound of a tambourine or music, and after a signal (tambourine, music) they must stand in hoops with the corresponding number. Children close their eyes, the teacher swaps the numbers in the hoops. The game is repeated 3 times.

6 . Educator: Tiger Cub still has a surprise for you in the box - Envelope with riddles(about geometric shapes). After each solved riddle, the teacher takes out a figure and hangs it on the board. Listen to the first riddle:

I have no corners

And I look like a saucer

On the plate and on the lid

On the ring, on the wheel

Who am I, friends? Circle

Look at the figure

And draw in the album

Three corners, three sides

Connect with each other

The result was not a square

And beautiful... Triangle

I'm a figure - anywhere

Always very smooth

All angles in me are equal

And four sides.

Cube is my favorite brother

Because I... Square

Four corners like a square I have.

But I dare not call myself a square,

And yet, it looks like a square, by the way,

Two long sides and two shorter ones . Rectangle

It looks like an egg, or like your face

This is the circle

Very strange appearance:

The circle has become flattened

Suddenly it turned out... Oval

Educator: Well done guys, you solved all the riddles!

7. Artistic creativity.

Educator: Guys, now we will draw. We will color geometric shapes. First, draw the outline of the figure and then color it.

The circle is green. The triangle is blue. Square - red.

Educator: What beautiful and neat geometric shapes did you get? Children answer in chorus and individually.

8. Lesson summary:

Did you enjoy the lesson, and what did you like most?

All the guys are great! Did a good job. And Tiger Cub was helped too. The tiger cub is very grateful to you and is very happy that he can now count to 5 and knows the names of geometric shapes.