Test control of man and society. Social studies test on the topic "Man and Society" (grade 10). In the knowledge of society, as opposed to the knowledge of nature

Option #1

1. Definition: “The set of ideas, views, theories, as well as feelings, habits and mores of a certain social community or group” refers to the concept

A) social consciousness B) society

C) ordinary consciousness D) ideology

2. Ivan is tall, thin, with beautiful features, courageous, calculating, slow and careful. All this characterizes Ivan as

A) personality B) citizen C) individuality D) professional

3. Automation of production is widespread in Russian society, and computerization is being successfully carried out. Which Additional Information allows us to conclude that R.'s society is post-industrial?

A) the main product of production is industrial products

B) the main factor of production is knowledge

B) widespread use of mechanisms and technologies

D) class division of society

4. What feature characterizes a traditional society?

A) intensive urbanization B) predominance of ascribed social status

C) high social mobility D) increasing consumption levels

5. Meaningful drivers of human activity include

A) habits B) drives C) motives D) emotions

6. Are the following judgments about the similarities and differences between humans and animals true?

A. Ants and other “social” animals work in the same way as people.

B. All animal species, unlike humans, always act according to a genetic program.

7. The basis of human existence is

A) friendship B) love C) consumerism D) activity

8. Write down the word missing in the diagram.

Types ……………………….

9. Which characteristic is not suitable for a traditional society:

A) low level of social mobility

B) the dominance of religion, customs and traditions

B) the agricultural nature of the economy

D) globalization of life

10. A person’s need for anything is:

A) abilities B) activities C) needs D) interest E) values

11. Characteristic feature post-industrial society is:

A) expansion industrial production

B) slowdown in development

B) the creation of mass culture

D) use of computer technology

12. The emergence of transnational corporations in modern society, the development of international trade serves as a manifestation of the trend:

A) modernization B)globalization C) democratization D) informatization

13. The transition to a post-industrial society is characterized by:

A) the formation of a market economy

B) restriction of social mobility

B) the development of mass communication

D) organization of factory production

14. Are the following judgments about the process of globalization true?

A) development mass communications makes the modern world more holistic

B) all global problems are a consequence of economic integration

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

15. Social progress is expressed in:

A) progressive development of society B) connections between society and nature

B) shape stability public life D) systemic structure of society

16. During the transition from a traditional society to an industrial one:

A) dominance has strengthened Agriculture over industry

B) the importance of science and education has increased

B) class differences increased

D) the importance of collectivist values has increased as opposed to the values of individual freedom

17. Which of the following characterizes modern Western society?

A) agricultural type of society

B) underdevelopment of private property institutions

C) the special value of human individuality

D) the predominance of collective forms of consciousness

18. At the core civilizational approach to the study of society:

A) highlighting the general B) highlighting the special

C) development of the mind D) development of morality.

19. Below are a number of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, belong to an industrial society. Find two terms that fall out of the general series and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1. Mass culture, 2. Technology, 3. Community, 4. Private property, 5. Castes, 6. Law, 7. Classes, 8. Environmental crisis, 9. Human rights and freedoms.

Test "Man and Society" 10th grade. Profile

Option No. 2

1. Man, according to modern ideas, there is a creature

A) spiritual B) social C) biological D) biosocial

2. The population grows faster in less developed countries Southeast Asia, Africa and Latin America, which sharply aggravates their problems of housing, education, medical care and, above all, food. According to experts, in the future, over 80% of the world’s population will live in these countries. On the other hand, in a number of countries and regions of the world, including Western Europe and in Russia, there is an alarming decline in the population and its significant aging. This situation indicates the presence global problem

A) war and peace B) economic C) demographic D) energy

3. V. society is dominated by the rural population, whose ideal is observance of customs and piety. Savings are insignificant and are spent not on production, but on consumption. State ownership dominates. What type of society is V.?

A) post-industrial B) industrial

B) traditional G) informational

4. Petrine transformations of the 18th century. are an example

A) stagnation B) counter-reform C) evolution D) modernization

5. Definition: “Directed development, which is characterized by a transition from lower to higher, from less perfect to more perfect” refers to the concept

A) stagnation B) progress C) regression D) modernization

6. Are the following judgments about industrial society true?

A. For an industrial society in economically Characterized by machine production, assembly line, standardization, scientific organization of labor.

B. Politically, an industrial society is characterized by a despotic regime.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

7. Industrial society differs from traditional society in that:

A) there is a strict division of people into classes, castes

B) there are no social conflicts in it

C) it is dominated by communal principles of social life

D) centers of socio-economic life become industrial enterprises

8. Write down the missing word in the diagram:

needs

natural social _____________________

9. The separation of crafts and agriculture that occurred in ancient times testifies to:

A) scientific and technological revolution B) social reform

C) social progress D) social regression

10. The concept of “element”, “structure”, “relationship” is used when considering

Companies like:

A) human habitat B) dynamic system

C) an integral system D) a separated part of the material world

11. Traditional society unlike industrial:

A) has class stratification B) is open

C) is based on a religious worldview D) supports science as social institution

12. What contributes to the process of globalization in modern world?

A) development of means of transport and communication B) growth of the middle class

C) development of the service sector D) deepening social differentiation

13. Which feature refers to an industrial society?

A) the leading role of agriculture B) the predominance of industry

C) weak level of division of labor D) the decisive importance of the service sector in the economy

14. Are the following judgments about social progress true?

A) one of the criteria for social progress is the sustainable economic growth of most states in the modern world

B) the most obvious consequences of social progress are in the sphere of material production

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

15. Reform as opposed to revolution:

A) is comprehensive

B) is a form of social dynamics

C) is carried out, as a rule, on the initiative from above

D) leads to profound changes in public life

16. The concept of “development”, “interaction of elements” characterize society as:

A) a dynamic system

B) part of nature

B) everyone around material world

D) interaction of people in social groups.

17. A rapid abrupt transition from one socio-political system to another is called

A) progress B) revolution C) evolution D) regression

18. Are the following judgments about social progress true?

A. Progress in one area of social life may be accompanied by regression in another.

B. Social progress can be graphically depicted as an ascending broken line.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4 ) both judgments are wrong

19. Find in the list below the signs that characterize the development of post-industrial civilization in the modern world and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1. Expansion of virtual communications.

2. Low level of social mobility.

3. Subsistence nature of the economy.

4. Unity of the world economic space.

5. Variability of development and diversity of forms of existence of human society.

KEY to the Test "Man and Society" 10th grade. Profile

Option #1

1- A 2- C 3- B 4- B 5- C 6- 2 7- D 8- Societies 9- D 10- C

11- G 12- B 13- B 14- 1 15- A 16- B 17- B 18- B 19- 3.5

Option No. 2

1- G 2- B 3- B 4- G 5- B 6- 1 7- G 8- spiritual 9- B 10- B

11- B 12- A 13- B 14- 3 15- B 16- A 17- B 18- 3 19- 1,4,5

Test "Man and Society" 10th grade.

Option #1

1. Definition: “The set of ideas, views, theories, as well as feelings, habits and mores of a certain social community or group” refers to the concept

A) social consciousnessB)society

C) ordinary consciousness D) ideology

2. Ivan is tall, thin, with beautiful features, courageous, calculating, slow and careful. All this characterizes Ivan as

A) personality B) citizen C) individuality D) professional

3. Automation of production is widespread in Russian society, and computerization is being successfully carried out. What additional information will allow us to conclude that R.’s society is post-industrial?

A) the main product of production is industrial products

B) the main factor of production is knowledge

B) widespread use of mechanisms and technologies

D) class division of society

4. What feature characterizes a traditional society?

A) intensive urbanization B) predominance of ascribed social status

C) high social mobility D) increasing consumption levels

5. Meaningful drivers of human activity include

A) habits B) drives C) motives D) emotions

6. Are the following judgments about the similarities and differences between humans and animals true?

A. Ants and other “social” animals work in the same way as people.

B. All animal species, unlike humans, always act according to a genetic program.

7. The basis of human existence is

A) friendship B) love C) consumerism D)activity

8. Write down the word missing in the diagram.

Types ……………………….

industrial

post-industrial

9. Which characteristic is not suitable for a traditional society:

A) low level of social mobility

B) the dominance of religion, customs and traditions

B) the agricultural nature of the economy

D) globalization of life

10. A person’s need for anything is:

A) abilities B) activities C) needs D) interest E) values

11. A characteristic feature of post-industrial society is:

A) expansion of industrial production

B) slowdown in development

B) the creation of mass culture

D) use of computer technology

12. The emergence of transnational corporations in modern society and the development of international trade are a manifestation of the trend:

A) modernization B)globalization C) democratization D) informatization

13. The transition to a post-industrial society is characterized by:

A) the formation of a market economy

B) restriction of social mobility

B) the development of mass communication

D) organization of factory production

14. Are the following judgments about the process of globalization true?

A) the development of mass communications makes the modern world more holistic

B) all global problems are a consequence of economic integration

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

15. Social progress is expressed in:

A) progressive development of society B) connections between society and nature

C) stability of forms of social life D) systemic structure of society

16. During the transition from a traditional society to an industrial one:

A) the dominance of agriculture over industry has strengthened

B) the importance of science and education has increased

B) class differences increased

D) the importance of collectivist values has increased as opposed to the values of individual freedom

17. Which of the following characterizes modern Western society?

A) agricultural type of society

B) underdevelopment of private property institutions

C) the special value of human individuality

D) the predominance of collective forms of consciousness

18. The basis of the civilizational approach to the study of society:

A) highlighting the general B) highlighting the special

C) development of the mind D) development of morality.

1. Mass culture, 2. Technology, 3. Community, 4. Private property, 5. Castes, 6. Law, 7. Classes, 8. Environmental crisis, 9. Human rights and freedoms.

Test "Man and Society" 10th grade. Profile

Option No. 2

1. Man, according to modern ideas, is a being

A) spiritual B) social C) biological D) biosocial

2. The population is growing faster in the less developed countries of Southeast Asia, Africa and Latin America, which sharply aggravates their problems of housing, education, medical care and, above all, food. According to experts, in the future, over 80% of the world’s population will live in these countries. On the other hand, a number of countries and regions of the world, including Western Europe and Russia, are experiencing an alarming decline in population size and significant aging. This situation indicates a global problem

A) war and peace B) economic C) demographic D) energy

A) post-industrial B) industrial

B) traditionalG)informational

4. Petrine transformations of the 18th century. are an example

A) stagnation B) counter-reform C) evolution D) modernization

5. Definition: “Directed development, which is characterized by a transition from lower to higher, from less perfect to more perfect” refers to the concept

A) stagnation B)progress C) regression D) modernization

6. Are the following judgments about industrial society true?

A. Economically, an industrial society is characterized by machine production, conveyor belts, standardization, and scientific organization of labor.

B. Politically, an industrial society is characterized by a despotic regime.

1) only A is correct2) only B is correct3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

7. Industrial society differs from traditional society in that:

A) there is a strict division of people into classes, castes

B) there are no social conflicts in it

C) it is dominated by communal principles of social life

D) industrial enterprises become centers of socio-economic life

8. Write down the missing word in the diagram:

Natural, social, ______________needs_______

9. The separation of crafts and agriculture that occurred in ancient times testifies to:

A) scientific and technological revolution B) social reform

C) social progress D) social regression

10. The concept of “element”, “structure”, “relationship” is used when considering

societies like:

A) human habitat B) dynamic system

C) an integral system D) a separated part of the material world

11. Traditional society as opposed to industrial:

A) has class stratification B) is open

C) is based on a religious worldview D) supports science as a social institution

12. What contributes to the process of globalization in the modern world?

A) development of means of transport and communication B) growth of the middle class

C) development of the service sector D) deepening social differentiation

13. Which feature refers to an industrial society?

A) the leading role of agriculture B) the predominance of industry

C) weak level of division of labor D) the decisive importance of the service sector in the economy

14. Are the following judgments about social progress true?

A) one of the criteria for social progress is the sustainable economic growth of most states in the modern world

B) the most obvious consequences of social progress are in the sphere of material production

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

15. Reform as opposed to revolution:

A) is comprehensive

B) is a form of social dynamics

C) is carried out, as a rule, on the initiative from above

D) leads to profound changes in social life

16. The concept of “development”, “interaction of elements” characterize society as:

A) a dynamic system

B) part of nature

C) the entire surrounding material world

D) interaction of people in social groups.

17. A rapid abrupt transition from one socio-political system to another is called

A) progress B)revolution C) evolution D) regression

18. Are the following judgments about social progress true?

A. Progress in one area of social life may be accompanied by regression in another.

B. Social progress can be graphically depicted as an ascending broken line.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true4 ) both judgments are wrong

19. Find in the list below the signs that characterize the development of post-industrial civilization in the modern world and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1. Expansion of virtual communications.

2. Low level of social mobility.

3. Subsistence nature of the economy.

4. Unity of the world economic space.

5. Variability of development and diversity of forms of existence of human society.

KEY to the Test "Man and Society" 10th grade.

Option #1

1- A 2- C 3- B 4- B 5- C 6- 2 7- D 8- Societies 9- D 10- C

11- G 12- B 13- B 14- 1 15- A 16- B 17- B 18- B 19- 3.5

Option No. 2

1- G 2- B 3- B 4- G 5- B 6- 1 7- G 8- spiritual 9- B 10- B

11- B 12- A 13- B 14- 3 15- B 16- A 17- B 18- 3 19- 1,4,5

TEST ON THE TOPIC “HUMAN” IN USE FORMAT

1 . Write down the word missing in the table.

NATURE OF ACTIVITY

MANIFESTATION

Conscious

Setting goals and anticipating results

...

Changing the world around you and yourself

2 .Find a concept that is generalizing for all other concepts in the series presented below. Write down this word (phrase).

1) need 2) attitude 3) belief 4) motive

5) ideal 6) interest 7) emotion

3. What are the two main aspects that make up the essence of a person:

1) Class 2) biological 3) cosmic

4) Social 5) economic 6) mystical

4 . Find a concept that generalizes all other concepts in the series below. Write down this word (phrase).

1) human biological nature 2) instinctive behavior

3) physiological needs 4) physical development

5) age characteristics mental development

5. Find the distinguishing characteristics of a person in the list below.

1) a biological creature 2) consciously puts forward goals of activity

3) lives among his own kind 4) has the ability to be creative

5) produces tools 6) has innate instincts

6 . Below are the names of the needs. All of them, with the exception of two, are natural human needs. Find two terms that “fall out” from the general series

1) biological 2) physiological 3) social

4) organic 5) natural 6) aesthetic

7. Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, are social qualities person. Find two terms that “fall out” from the general series.

1) decency 2) intelligence 3) law-abiding

4) hard work 5) well-read 6) quick reactions

8. Establish a correspondence between the manifestations of human qualities and the nature of these qualities.

MANIFESTATIONS OF HUMAN QUALITIES

NATURE OF QUALITIES

A) the ability to reproduce

B) the ability to adapt to environmental conditions

B) the ability to accumulate knowledge and work skills

D) the ability to see the purpose of one’s actions

D) the ability to evaluate oneself and others

1) social

2) biological

9. Find examples of social needs in the list below and circle the numbers they appear under.

1) knowledge 2) education 3) communication with other people

4) self-expression 5) self-preservation 6) achieving a certain status

10. Establish a correspondence between distinctive features and activities.

DISTINGUISHING FEATURE

KIND OF ACTIVITY

A) transformation of nature and society

B) focus on creating various benefits

C) formation of knowledge and skills, development of thinking

D) the incentive lies in the process of activity

D) all funds are aimed at changing the subject of activity

1) labor

2) game

3) study

11 . Select from the proposed social facts that contain a manifestation of the most important social needs of the individual.

1) In the work collective where the graduate came economic university, at first it was not easy for her, many questions differed significantly from university knowledge, but more experienced senior colleagues helped her get up to speed with their advice.

2) For a young man, his social circle, friends and girlfriends are extremely important; sometimes you can discuss with them things that you cannot discuss with either your parents or teachers.

3) The young man succeeded in the tourism business, creating a large company specializing in extreme tourism, but now he is more concerned about the fame of a philanthropist, a patron of young talents; He recently established a scholarship for young scientists.

4) The professor devotes every last Saturday of the month to going to the conservatory for chamber music concerts.

5) Every person needs to maintain the thermal balance of the body, so in winter we wear mittens, warm boots and jackets.

12. Ivan completed an assignment on the topic: “Man as a result of biological and sociocultural evolution.” He copied from the textbook the traits characteristic of man. Which of them reflect the specifics of the social nature of humans, as opposed to animals?

1) ability to set goals 2) use of objects given by nature

3) care for offspring 4) adaptation to conditions environment

5) desire to understand the world 6) communication using articulate speech

13. Find the properties of a person in the list below, I revealdefining its social nature.

1)Striving for self-realization 2)Ability to adapt to natural conditions

3) Need for water, food, rest 4) Stable views on the world and your place in it

5) Ability for self-preservation6) Ability to transform activities

14 .Establish correspondence between the types of activities given in the translationsecond column, and their characteristics given in the second.

CHARACTERISTIC

ACTIVITIES

A. Activity in an imaginary situation

1. Labor

B. Practical usefulness

2. Teaching

B. Focus on gaining knowledge

3. Game

D. Replacement of real objects with conditional ones

D. Transformational focus

15 .Find in the list below the traits characteristic of creativityical activities.

1)Availability for use 2) Uniqueness 3) Practical significance

4) Sample reproducibility 5) Fundamental novelty

16 .Establish a correspondence between concepts and characteristics: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONCEPT

A) a person who actively masters and purposefully 1) an individual

transforming nature, society and oneself 2) individuality

B) a single representative of the entire human race 3) personality

C) a person in the complex of his unique unique properties

D) a person capable of consciously and responsibly making choices

17. Correctly identify the agents of primary and secondary socialization of the individual.

Agents

Socialization

A) family, parents,

primary

B) school administration

secondary

B) friends, peers

G) army

D) church

E) teachers, trainers

18 .Read the text below, each position indicated by a specific letter.

(A) Man is a biosocial being.(B) Both man and animal have nervous system, are able to sense and perceive the surrounding reality.(IN) But unlike animals, man has abstract thinking and is able to realize the goals of his activity and foresee its results. (G) It can be stated that thanks to this, man rose above all living organisms and subjugated nature.(D) All human actions are thought out and aimed at further strengthening his position as the “king of nature.”

Determine which provisions of the text are

1) factual nature 2) nature of value judgments 3) theoretical nature

19. Read the text below, in which a number of words are missing. Select from the list provided the words that need to be inserted in place of the gaps. .

"Man is_______(A) unity. Mechanism_____(B), determining the biological side of a person, also affects his social essence. The newborn becomes the owner_______(IN) to imitation and learning. Thus, the child is born precisely as a human being. Although he still needs to learn to become human. He is introduced to the world of people______(G), thanks to which the human psyche, his social______(D).

For example, a person has fingers obedient to his will; he can take a brush, paints and start painting. But this will not make him a real painter. It's the same with consciousness. Conscious mental phenomena are formed during life as a result of upbringing, training, active mastery_______(E), world of culture."

List of terms:

1) ability 2) biosocial 3) behavior 4) individual 5) need

6) language 7) heredity 8) communication 9) emotional

20 . Read the text below, in which a number of words are missing. Select from the list provided the words that need to be inserted in place of the gaps.

“When they want to characterize a person, they often talk about him as a person,

how about individuality. In psychology, these concepts are different. (A) ___ - this is a specific person, in all the originality of his physical and physiological qualities and properties, i.e. features. If we are talking about socially significant qualities, the concept is used___ (B). In psychology, the concept of “personality” is most often used in two main meanings. Firstly, a person is any person who has____ (IN). Other psychologists emphasize that a person who has reached a certain level of mental development should be called a person. This level is characterized by the fact that in the process____ (G) a person begins to perceive and experience himself as a single whole, different from other people and expressed in the concept of “I”. A necessary characteristic of a personality is its___ (D). A person at this level of development is able to influence____ (E), change it for your own purposes, and also change yourself for your own purposes.”

1) subject 2) personality 3) surrounding reality

4) consciousness 5) activity 6) object

7) social 8) individuality 9) self-knowledge

Part C tasks

Read the text and complete the tasks for it.

It seems to me that those who are horrified by the development of technology do not notice the difference between the means and the end. ... the car is not the goal. An airplane is not a target, it is just a tool. The same tool as the plow. ... Reveling in our successes, we served progress - we laid railways, built factories, drilled oil wells. And somehow they forgot that all this was created to serve people.

Even a machine, becoming more perfect, does its job more and more modestly and unnoticed. It seems as if all the works of man - the creator of machines, all his calculations, all sleepless nights over the drawings only appear in external simplicity; as if the experience of many generations was needed so that the column, keel of a ship or the fuselage of an airplane would become slimmer and more embossed, until they finally acquired pristine purity and smoothness of lines... It seems as if the work of engineers, draftsmen, and designers boils down to polishing and smooth out to lighten and simplify the attachment mechanism, to balance the wing, to make it invisible - no longer a wing attached to the fuselage, but a certain perfection of form, naturally developed from a bud, a mysteriously fused and harmonious unity that is akin to a wonderful poem. As you can see, perfection is achieved not when there is nothing left to add, but when nothing can be taken away. A machine at the limit of its development is no longer a machine.

So, when an invention is brought to perfection, it is not clear how it was created. With the simplest tools, the visible signs of the mechanism were gradually erased, and in our hands we found an object that seemed to have been created by nature itself, like a pebble ground by the sea; The car is also remarkable in the same way - when you use it, you gradually forget about it.

A. de Saint-Exupéry. Planet of People

21 . Find any three examples of people's transformative activities in the text.

22. Indicate and illustrate using this text any two distinctive features human activity.

23 . Can the process of human labor to create machines captured in a document be considered creative? Justify your answer using the text. Define creative activity.

24. What is the ultimate goal of human transformative activity, according to the author and in your opinion? Justify both answers.

25 . A human child at the moment of birth, as aptly putA. Pieron, not a person, but only a “candidate for a person.” Explainwhat did A. Pieron mean when he called the child “a candidate for humanka"? Formulate three judgments.

26. It is known that animal behavior in its main features is geneticski programmed. Many human instincts have been shaken and erased as a result of social history. By expressionA. Pieron, “humanity was freed from despotism hereditarilysti". How is human freedom from “despotism responsible” manifested?ness"? Formulate at least three statements.

Essay topics:

1) “A person outside of society is either a god or a beast.”(Aristotle)

2) “If a person has a “why” to live, he can withstand any"How".(F. Nietzsche)

3) “Man is a fundamental novelty in nature.”(N. Berdyaev)

4) “A person is not a thing, but a living being, which can only be understood in a long process of its development. At any moment of his life he is not yet what he can become, and what he may yet become.”(E. Fromm )

Answers:

1. transformative

2. 4

3. 24

4. 1

5. 245

6. 36

7. 26

8. 11222

9. 346

10. 11321

11. 12

12. 156

13. 146

14. 31231

15. 25

16. 3123

17. 121221

18. 3 1122

19. 271836

20. 24953.

21.

They laid railways

Factories were built

Drilled oil wells

22 .Herts of human activity, such as:

Feasibility,practical usefulness, availability of results;

Conscious, productive, transformative, social nature of activity.

23.

Argument: the emergence of a new, more advanced quality of reresults of human labor;

Creative activity - as an activity inas a result of which something new appears that did not previously exist.

24 . The correct answer must contain the following elements:

1) The goal of transformative activity, according to the author, is “service to people.” “All this was created to serve people.”

Transformative activities are aimed at meeting the fundamental needs of people.

2.) The purpose of the transformative activity according to the student and its rationale.

Transformative human activity is associated with the creation of things and material values necessary to meet people's needs.

25. The correct answer may contain the following judgments, for example:

Man is a social, social being, and not just a biological one;

The concepts of individual - individuality - personality represent various aspects of considering the problem of “man”, they areare identified;

A person becomes a person in the process of socialization (education,learning, communicating with others like you);outside society - communication with others like oneself, development of thinking, speechimpossible.

26 . The correct answer may contain the following statements:

Man is a social and conscious being;

Unlike an animal, he has goal-setting;the human ability to be creative is not hereditary;a person is able to consciously control his instincts.

The test on the topic "Man" is presented in two versions. Compiled based on FIPI materials. Consists of part A (30 questions) and part B (7 tasks). Corresponds to the structure of the Unified State Exam. It can be used both to prepare students for the Unified State Exam and to control the knowledge of knowledge on this topic.

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Topic: "Man". Option 1

A1 . Individuality is

1) specific features inherent in humans as a biological organism

2) a person’s temperament, his character

3) the unique originality of both natural and social in man

4) totality human needs and abilities

A2. The sign that distinguishes a person from an animal is

1) manifestation of activity 2) goal setting

3) adaptation to the environment 4) interaction with the outside world

A3 . Are the following judgments about human life in society true?

A. The ability to live in society is inherent in man by nature itself.

B. Personality can only be formed in human society.

A4 . The results of industrial, social and spiritual activity of man and society in the aggregate can be called

1) culture 2) economics 3) worldview 4) history

A5 . Human activity and animal behavior are characterized by

1) setting goals 2) self-control mechanism

3) conscious choice of means 4) satisfaction of needs

A6 . Work as opposed to communication

1) is a human need

2) can give a person pleasure

3)directly transforms environmental objects

4) assumes the presence of a goal

A7 . Are the following statements about human freedom true?

A. Human freedom is synonymous with permissiveness.

B. Human freedom is impossible in conditions of social connections and interactions.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

A8 . Human needs, determined by his biological nature, include the needs for

1) self-preservation 2) self-realization 3) self-knowledge 4) self-education

A9. Personality qualities are manifested in

1) traits of a person as a biological organism 2) hereditary predisposition

3) characteristics of temperament 4) socially transformative activities

A10 . Are the following judgments about the manifestation of individual and social in a person correct?

A. Individual and social in man are the result of biological evolution.

B. Individual and social development of a person are in no way connected with each other.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

A11 . Both humans and animals are capable

1) use objects of nature 2) make tools using other tools

3) pass on labor skills to subsequent generations 4) understand one’s own needs

A12 . Such types of human activities as communication and play have in common that they

1)allow use certain rules or normal

2) require the presence of a partner

3) are conditional in nature

4) prescribe mandatory observance of rituals

Gradual evolution from the ape to man himself?

I.I. Mechnikov 2) I.P. Pavlov 3) C. Darwin 4) J. Cuvier

A14 . Which of the following features is characteristic of humans and is absent in animals?

metabolic processes
creative activity
work of the senses
need for food

A15 . In cognitive activity, in contrast to labor:

means must correspond to ends
the goal is to obtain reliable knowledge
the subject is an individual
the result is a new product

A 16. Will is

power over oneself, control of one’s actions, conscious regulation of one’s behavior
the ability to fight back against the offender
the ability to fundamentally oppose any point of view other than one’s own
ability for the most dangerous and brutal struggle

A17 . A student for a teacher is:

object of activity 2) competitor 3) subject of activity 4) colleague

A18. Are the following statements about personality true?

A. The main thing in characterizing a person is the person’s participation in social relations and creative activities.

B. A newborn person is a person.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

A19 . Agents of secondary socialization do not include:

Radio journalist 2) cousin 3) university teacher 4) company manager?

A20 . Are the judgments correct?

Formal interpersonal relationships:

A. They are built depending on individual characteristics personality.

B. Standardized and impersonal.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

A21 . Complete the statement: Man, a being who embodies the highest stage of life development, is most likely based on human ability

organize together with other people into cohesive groups to defend their interests;

resist any aggressive attacks against him;

adapt to environmental conditions that are not always favorable for him;
to creative creative activity based on developed, improving consciousness (thinking, imagination, intuition, etc.)

A22 . Existential needs include:

comfort 2) communication 3) knowledge 4) self-esteem

A23 . Are the following statements about self-awareness true?

A. A person can determine what he is like by comparing himself with other people.

B. A person can determine what he is like without being interested in other people's opinions about himself.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

A24 . Are the following statements about a person true?

A. Man remains part of the natural world.

B. Man develops through the process of social and cultural evolution.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

A25 . Are the following judgments about the outstanding abilities of a person true?

A. Nature makes a person a genius.

B. Mental talent is a quality determined by the biological nature of a person.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

A26 . Practical activities include

production of material goods
knowledge of the laws of natural development
formation of religious ideas about the world
composing music

A27 . Activity as opposed to communication

is a human need
can give a person pleasure
presupposes a goal
directly transforms environmental objects

A28 . Are the following statements about individual freedom true?

A. Human freedom presupposes a person’s responsibility to society for his actions and deeds.

B. Freedom is the ability to choose a method of action to achieve a goal.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

A29 . Choose the correct answer from the list below.

A person as an individual representative of the human community, a bearer of individually free traits is called:

An activist 2) an individual 3) a leader 4) a person

A30. The highest moral meaning of human activity is given by

Dedication 2) material gain 3) pride in what has been accomplished 4) enjoyment of mastery.

Part B

IN 1 . Complete the phrase: “A manifestation of activity characteristic of a person, expressed in the transformation of internal and outside world, - This

Answer_________

B 2. Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of one, are related to the concept of “activity structure”.Find and indicate a term not related to this concept.

Subject; target; facilities; individual; an object; result.

Answer_________________

AT 3. Establish a correspondence between the types of activities given in the first column and their characteristics given in the second.

AT 4 . Write down the selected letters in the table, and then transfer the resulting sequence of letters to the answer form (without spaces or other symbols).

Find in the list belowbasic human needs

Need for law
Need for communication
Need for moral improvement
Need for interaction
The need to achieve truth
The need for increasing goodness

Answer______________

AT 5 . Read the text below, each sentence of which is numbered. Determine which sentences are: 1) actual character; 2 ) the nature of value judgments

(A) Apparently, the time has come for the level of development and progressiveness of society to begin to be assessed by what a person becomes, in which direction he changes from year to year. (B) Civilization conquers nature, achieving high level scientific and technological progress, but turns out to be helpless in understanding the essence of man. (B) The rapid development of science and technology, according to many experts, is accompanied by the destruction of nature and the spread of lack of spirituality. (D) It seems that a person becomes a slave to technology and his own meanness, and begins to pray to the “yellow devil.”

Answer_____

AT 6

“In recent decades, psychologists have made a number of remarkable discoveries. One of them is about the importance of communication style with a child for his _____ (1). It has now become an indisputable truth that _____ (2) is as necessary for a child as food. A baby who receives adequate nutrition and good medical care, but is deprived of constant _____ (3) with an adult, develops poorly not only mentally, but also physically: he does not grow, loses weight, and loses interest in life. If we continue the comparison with food, we can say that communication can be not only healthy, but also harmful. Bad food poisons the body; improper communication “poisons” ____(4) the child, jeopardizes his emotional well-being, and subsequently, of course, his fate. The main features of a favorable communication style in the family were determined as a result of the enormous work of humanistic psychologists, theorists and practitioners. _____ (5) in education is based primarily on understanding the child - his needs and _____ (6), on knowledge of the patterns of his growth and development of his personality.”

Answer_____________

AT 7 . Find in the list belowhuman properties of a social nature. Write down the numbers in ascending order.

Ability for joint transformative activities
The desire for self-realization
Ability to adapt to natural conditions
Stable views on the world and your place in it
Need for water, food, rest

Answer_______

Answers:
































	Activity
	individual
	WABWA

	2122
	VJBIA

Option 2

A1. The "second nature" or "inorganic body" of man is

The world of social and artificial objects created by man.
The world of the supernatural, mysterious and enigmatic.
The sphere of the true and present, in contrast to everyday, boring and monotonous life.
The result of overcoming or denying the first - natural-biological nature of man.

A2 . Human nature

This is an innate biopsychic constitution common to all people.
There is nothing more than the totality of his basic needs.
Represents the basic and unchangeable qualities of a person.
This is a set of qualities such as reason, conscience, duty, and the gift of communication.

A3 . Human needs determined by society include the need for

1) labor activity 2) preservation of the species 3) self-preservation 4) physical activity

A4 . Distinctive feature the concept of “personality” is (are)

1) articulate speech 2) consciousness and thinking

3) ability to take responsibility 4) presence of physical needs

A5. Are the following statements about self-knowledge correct?

A. The ideal “I” is the idea of how others want to see me.

B. An integral part of self-knowledge is self-esteem.

A6 . The main factor in personality formation is

1) natural environment 2) communication with others 3) mechanism of heredity 4) innate tendencies

A7. Personality is

a person living in society and possessing a system of socially significant traits, properties and qualities
a person's temperament, his character
unique psychophysiological characteristics of a person
the totality of original human abilities

A8 . Are the following judgments about the separation of man from nature correct?

A. The separation of man from nature occurred due to the presence of consciousness and reason in him.

B. The separation of man from nature occurred due to the presence of a certain set of instincts in him.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

A9 . The concept of “individuality” captures:

single representative of the human race
features of a person’s temperament, his character
human labor activity
unique originality a person, implying not only his appearance, but also a set of socially significant qualities.

A10 . The guidelines of human activity are:

values 2) drives 3) needs 4) interests.

A11 . Are the following judgments about the formation of continuity in human behavior correct?

A. The functions of innate instincts characteristic of animals are replaced by norms (rules) in humans.

B. Culture acts as a unique program for human behavior.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

A12 . What sign characterizes a person as a person?

1) active life position 2) physical and mental health

3)Affiliation in mind homo sapiens 4) appearance features

A13 . “Individuality is the unique identity of a person, a set of his unique properties.” This statement is an example

1) artistic image 2) mythological knowledge

3) religious norm 4) scientific knowledge

A14. The properties and roles of a person, which he acquires only in interaction with other people, characterize him as

individual 2) individuality 3) organism 4) personality

A15 . What is common in the activities of inventors, writers, and artists is that it is

administrative 2) practical 3) material 4) creative

A16 . Both humans and animals have needs for

self-realization 2) self-preservation 3) self-knowledge 4) self-education

A17 . Man, unlike animals, is capable

perform habitual actions 2) pre-think about your behavior

3) show emotions 4) take care of offspring

A18 . Unlike animals, man is capable

react using feelings 2) develop conditioned reflexes

3) satisfy needs 4) predict the results of actions

A19. TO social needs human needs

breathe 2) eat 3) sleep 4) communicate

A20. Scientific discoveries represent the result of activities

material-production 2) social-transformative

3) practical 4) spiritual

A21. Play, learning, work act as

criteria of truth 2) types of activities 3) social qualities 4) biological needs

A22 . Indicate one of the signs of human activity that distinguishes it from the behavior of animals:

manifestation of activity 2) goal setting

3) adaptation to the environment 4) interaction with the outside world

A23 . What is the name of the process in which a person comprehends the essence of his “I”?

self-education 2) self-knowledge 3) self-preservation 4) narcissism

A24 . The result of self-knowledge, in particular, is

accumulation of knowledge about man and nature 2) knowledge of the values of society

3) studying social norms 4) understanding one’s abilities

A25 . The process of self-knowledge includes the accumulation of knowledge about the characteristics

own appearance 2) different types of temperament

3) moral and legal norms 4) interaction between man and nature

A26 . The statement that a person is a product and subject of socio-historical activity is a characteristic of his

social essence 2) biological nature

3) physiological characteristics 4) psychological qualities

A27 . Man is a unity of three components: biological, psychological and social. The social component includes

knowledge and skills 2) feelings and will 3) physical development 4) age characteristics

A28 . Are the following statements about personality true?

A. Personality is a product of biological evolution.

B. Society has the greatest influence on the individual.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

A29 . Are the following judgments about the connection between activity and communication true?

A. Communication is a side of any joint activity, since activity involves interaction.

B. Communication is a special activity based on the exchange of knowledge, ideas, and actions.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

A30 . The basis of human existence is

consumerism 2) activity 3) love 4) friendship

Part B.

IN 1 . Complete the sentence:

“Human needs are based on...”

Answer: ___________________________________

AT 2 . Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of one, are related to the concept of “human biological needs”.

Reproduction of the species; nutrition; breath; movement; communication; rest.

Answer____________________

VZ. Establish a correspondence between the definitions given in the first column and the concepts given in the second column.

Write down the selected letters in the table, and then transfer the resulting sequence of letters to the answer form (without spaces or other symbols).

AT 4. Find in the list belowmanifestations reflecting the social nature of man. Write down the numbers in ascending order.

Interests
Worldview
Makings of
Skills
Heredity
Ideals

Answer_________

AT 5. Read the text below, each sentence of which is numbered. Determine which sentences are:1) factual nature; 2) the nature of value judgments

(A) More and more more people people all over the world use mobile phones: they not only make or answer calls, but also correspond using SMS messages. (B) The habit of communicating using short simple texts can lead to a person forgetting how to talk heart to heart, delve into the intonations of the interlocutor, and sympathize with him. (B) In a number of European countries, dozens of phone users have been diagnosed with “SMS addiction.” (D) Specialists from the bad habits department of one of the clinics recorded that people suffering from this disease can write SMS messages for seven or more hours a day.

Answer_________

AT 6 . Read the text below, in which a number of words are missing. Select from the list below the words that need to be inserted in place of the releases. There are more words in the list than you need.

“In work, learning, ____(1) all aspects of the psyche are formed and manifested.

A special question arises about how relatively stable mental properties are formed and consolidated. Mental properties ____(2) - her abilities and character traits - are formed in the course of life. The innate _____(3) of the organism are only ____(4) - very ambiguous, which determine, but do not predetermine the mental properties of a person. Based on the same inclinations, a person can develop different properties - ____(5) and character traits, depending on the course of his life and _____(6) are not only manifested, but also formed. In work, study and labor, people’s abilities are developed and developed; Character is formed and tempered in life’s deeds and actions.”

Answer_________

Q 7. Find in the list givenresults of educational activities. Write down the numbers in ascending order.

Teachers
Computer software
Knowledge of basic sciences
Visual aids
Students
Ability to apply knowledge
Practical skills

Answer____________

Answers on the topic “Man” option 2:
































	motives
	communication
	VBA
	1246
	1211
	GVAEBZ

Social studies test Man, society, nature for 8th grade students. The test is designed to test knowledge on the topic Personality and Society. The test consists of 3 parts. In part 1 - 10 tasks, in part 2 - 4 tasks and in part 3 - 1 task (4 questions).

1. Select the incorrect statement.

1) nature is habitat human habitat
2) nature is everything that arose together with man
3) by nature we mean the biosphere of planet Earth
4) nature is the defining properties of an object that express its essence

2. The shell of the Earth, populated by living organisms and under their influence, is called

1) biosphere
2) atmosphere
3) noosphere
4) hydrosphere

3. The area of planet Earth covered by intelligent human activity is

1) biosphere
2) lithosphere
3) hydrosphere
4) noosphere

4. The highest type of mental activity

1) understanding
2) behavior
3) mind
4) genius

5. Most researchers believe that the mind is the result of work

1) hearts
2) endocrine system
3) brain
4) nervous system

6. Choose the wrong expression.

1) civilization as a stage of development of society is characterized by its separation from nature
2) in the primitive era, society lived according to strict rules of behavior, which researchers call mononorms
3) in primitive society people were guided by moral standards
4) the emergence of the state meant the transition of humanity from the primitive herd to the social organization of people

7. Choose the wrong expression.

1) morality was developed during human evolution to curb excessive individualism
2) morality expresses personal or social values
3) morality is one of the social regulators of human behavior
4) morality is established by the state and supported by its coercive force

8. Anthropologists call modern man

1) a skilled person
2) homo erectus
3) a working person
4) a reasonable person

9. Most researchers believe that the biological species of modern humans first appeared in

1) Africa
2) Europe
3) Asia
4) Australia

10. Developed a biological theory of human origins

1) V.I. Vernadsky
2) C. Darwin
3) Voltaire
4) E. Fromm

1. Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of one, characterize the concept social regulators of human behavior in society .
Morality, religion, abilities, traditions, customs.
Find and indicate a term that refers to another concept.

2. Establish a correspondence between Latin terms meaning stages of human evolution as a biological species and similar terms in Russian: for each element given in the first column, select an element from the second column.

Latin terms

A) Homo hablis
B) Homo erectus
B) Homo neanderthalensis
D) Homo sapiens

Terms in Russian

1) homo erectus
2) Neanderthal
3) a reasonable person
4) a skillful person

3. Establish a correspondence between the biosphere, noosphere and their elements.

A) morality
B) ecosystem
B) the lower part of the atmosphere
D) mind

1) biosphere
2) noosphere

4. Read the text below, in which a number of words are missing.

“The first __________ (1) of man were a stone and a stick. People earned their livelihood by hunting and __________ (2). The most important stage in human development was the appearance of __________ (3). People have learned to express abstract __________ (4) water in general , beast in general . This led to the opportunity to teach offspring ___ (5), and not just by example, to plan actions before the hunt, and not during it, etc.”

The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word (phrase) can be used only once. Choose one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Please note that there are more words in the list than you will need to fill in the blanks.

A) gathering
B) tools
B) agriculture
D) language
D) cattle breeding
E) concepts
G) words

Under each number, write down the letter corresponding to the word you chose.

1. Read an excerpt from Jack London's story "Love of Life" and complete the tasks.

“He heard some snoring behind him—either a sigh or a cough. Very slowly, overcoming extreme weakness and numbness, he turned over to the other side. He saw nothing nearby and began to wait patiently. Again he heard sniffling and coughing, and between two pointed stones, no more than twenty steps away, he saw the gray head of a wolf. The ears did not stick up, as he had seen in other wolves, the eyes were clouded and bloodshot, the head hung helplessly. The wolf was probably sick: he was sneezing and coughing all the time.
At least it doesn’t seem like it, he thought and again turned on the other side to see the real world, not now obscured by the haze of visions. But the sea still sparkled in the distance, and the ship was clearly visible. Perhaps this is real after all? He closed his eyes and began to think - and in the end he realized what was the matter. He walked northeast, away from the Dease River, and ended up in the Coppermine River valley. This wide, slow river was the Coppermine. This shining sea is the Arctic Ocean. This ship is
a whaling ship sailing far east of the mouth of the Mackenzie River, it is anchored in Coronation Bay. He remembered the map of the Hudson's Bay Company that he had seen once, and everything became clear and understandable.
He sat down and began to think about the most urgent matters. The wrappings of the blanket were completely worn out, and his legs were stripped to living flesh. The last blanket was used up. He lost his gun and knife. The hat was also missing, but the matches in the pouch behind his bosom, wrapped in parchment, remained intact and not damp. He looked at his watch. They were still walking and showed eleven o'clock. He must have remembered to wind them up.
He was calm and fully conscious. Despite the terrible weakness, he did not feel any pain. He didn't want to eat. The thought of food was even unpleasant to him, and everything he did was done at the behest of his reason. He tore off his trouser legs to the knees and tied them around his feet. For some reason he didn’t throw the bucket: he would have to drink boiling water before starting the journey to the ship - a very difficult one, as he foresaw.”

1) Define the concept nature . Make up two sentences with this concept that reveal its meaning.

2) Jack London's story "Love of Life" tells the story of a person's survival in conditions wildlife. Abandoned by a friend, the hero of the story walks across the Canadian tundra. Along the way, he overcomes various difficulties, and at the end of the story he is forced to enter into a fight with an old and sick wolf, from which he emerges victorious. Based on the above passage, write at least three qualities of a traveler that helped him survive in wildlife without the help of other people.

3) Write three examples of the positive influence of society on nature.

4) Select one from the statements proposed below, reveal its meaning by identifying the problem posed by the author (the topic raised); formulate your attitude towards the position taken by the author; justify this relationship. When expressing your thoughts on various aspects of the problem raised (designated topic), when arguing your point of view, use knowledge received while studying a social studies course, corresponding concepts, and data public life and one's own life experience.

1. “Everything that is against nature is also against reason, and everything that is against reason is absurd, and therefore must be rejected” ( B. Spinoza).
2. “Nature surrounds man with darkness and forces him to eternally strive for light” ( I.V. Goethe).
3. “Nature created its creations in pursuit of its goals, but its goals are bonds and chains for man” ( M. Gorky).

Answers to the social studies test Man society nature
Part 1
1-2, 2-1, 3-4, 4-3, 5-3, 6-3, 7-4, 8-4, 9-1, 10-2.
Part 2
1-ability
2-4123
3-2112
4-BAGAGE